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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                  USDL-16-1593
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 5, 2016

Technical information:
 Household data:     (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:       (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                          THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JULY 2016


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 255,000 in July, and the unemployment rate was
unchanged at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains
occurred in professional and business services, health care, and financial activities.
Employment in mining continued to trend down.

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate held at 4.9 percent in July, and the number of unemployed persons
was essentially unchanged at 7.8 million. Both measures have shown little movement, on
net, since August of last year. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, unemployment rates in July were little changed for adult
men (4.6 percent), adult women (4.3 percent), teenagers (15.6 percent), Whites, (4.3
percent), Blacks (8.4 percent), Asians (3.8 percent), and Hispanics (5.4 percent). (See
tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In July, the number of persons unemployed less than 5 weeks decreased by 258,000. At
2.0 million, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more)
was about unchanged over the month and accounted for 26.6 percent of the unemployed.
(See table A-12.)

Both the labor force participation rate, at 62.8 percent, and the employment-population
ratio, at 59.7 percent, changed little in July. (See table A-1.) The number of persons
employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary part-time
workers) was little changed at 5.9 million in July. These individuals, who would have
preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been cut
back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In July, 2.0 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about unchanged
from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not
in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime
in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched
for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 591,000 discouraged workers in July, little
different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in July had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family
responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 255,000 in July. Job gains occurred in
professional and business services, health care, and financial activities. Mining
employment continued to trend down. (See table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 70,000 jobs in July and has added 550,000 jobs
over the past 12 months. Within the industry, employment rose by 37,000 in professional
and technical services in July, led by computer systems design and related services
(+8,000) and architectural and engineering services (+7,000). Employment in management
and technical consulting services continued to trend up (+6,000).

In July, health care employment increased by 43,000, with gains in ambulatory health care
services (+19,000), hospitals (+17,000), and nursing and residential care facilities
(+7,000). Over the past 12 months, health care has added 477,000 jobs.

Employment in financial activities rose by 18,000 in July and has risen by 162,000 over
the year.

Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend up in July (+45,000). Employment
in food services and drinking places changed little in July (+21,000); this industry has
added an average of 18,000 jobs per month thus far this year, compared with an average
monthly gain of 30,000 in 2015.

Government employment edged up in July (+38,000).

Employment in mining continued to trend down over the month (-6,000). Since reaching a
peak in September 2014, employment in this industry has fallen by 220,000, or 26 percent.

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale
trade, retail trade, and information, showed little or no change over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour
to 34.5 hours in July. In manufacturing, the workweek was unchanged at 40.7 hours, while
overtime increased by 0.1 hour to 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls also increased by 0.1 hour to 33.7
hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased
by 8 cents to $25.69. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.6 percent.
Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees
increased by 7 cents to $21.59 in July. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised from +11,000 to
+24,000, and the change for June was revised from +287,000 to +292,000. With these
revisions, employment gains in May and June combined were 18,000 more than previously
reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 190,000 per month.

_____________
The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday,
September 2, 2016, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).


   ______________________________________________________________________________________
  |                                                                                      |
  |    2016 CES Preliminary Benchmark Revision will be released on September 7, 2016     |
  |                                                                                      |
  |Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey estimates are benchmarked   |
  |to comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and     |
  |Wages (QCEW) for the month of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment |
  |insurance (UI) tax records that nearly all employers are required to file. On         |
  |September 7, 2016, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will     |
  |release the preliminary estimate of the annual benchmark revision to the establishment|
  |survey employment series. This is the same day the first-quarter 2016 data from the   |
  |QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all major industry sectors,  |
  |as well as total nonfarm and total private levels, will be available on the BLS       |
  |website at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm.                                     |
  |                                                                                      |
  |The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2017  |
  |Employment Situation news release in February.                                        |
  |______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category July
2015
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Change from:
June
2016-
July
2016

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

250,876 253,174 253,397 253,620 223

Civilian labor force

157,115 158,466 158,880 159,287 407

Participation rate

62.6 62.6 62.7 62.8 0.1

Employed

148,866 151,030 151,097 151,517 420

Employment-population ratio

59.3 59.7 59.6 59.7 0.1

Unemployed

8,249 7,436 7,783 7,770 -13

Unemployment rate

5.3 4.7 4.9 4.9 0.0

Not in labor force

93,761 94,708 94,517 94,333 -184

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

5.3 4.7 4.9 4.9 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

4.8 4.3 4.5 4.6 0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

4.9 4.2 4.5 4.3 -0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

16.3 16.0 16.0 15.6 -0.4

White

4.6 4.1 4.4 4.3 -0.1

Black or African American

9.1 8.2 8.6 8.4 -0.2

Asian

4.0 4.1 3.5 3.8 0.3

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

6.8 5.6 5.8 5.4 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

4.3 3.8 4.0 4.0 0.0

Less than a high school diploma

8.2 7.1 7.5 6.3 -1.2

High school graduates, no college

5.5 5.1 5.0 5.0 0.0

Some college or associate degree

4.4 3.9 4.2 4.3 0.1

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4,116 3,573 3,776 3,739 -37

Job leavers

844 796 828 824 -4

Reentrants

2,441 2,209 2,268 2,298 30

New entrants

827 865 902 826 -76

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,471 2,207 2,418 2,160 -258

5 to 14 weeks

2,249 2,239 2,140 2,266 126

15 to 26 weeks

1,182 1,173 1,129 1,150 21

27 weeks and over

2,190 1,885 1,979 2,020 41

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

6,300 6,430 5,843 5,940 97

Slack work or business conditions

3,791 3,890 3,443 3,642 199

Could only find part-time work

2,212 2,086 2,062 1,981 -81

Part time for noneconomic reasons

19,863 20,606 20,505 20,717 212

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,927 1,713 1,779 1,950 -

Discouraged workers

668 538 502 591 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

277 24 292 255

Total private

245 -1 259 217

Goods-producing

14 -45 5 16

Mining and logging

-8 -10 -7 -7

Construction

11 -18 -3 14

Manufacturing

11 -17 15 9

Durable goods(1)

-3 -20 0 11

Motor vehicles and parts

2.1 1.2 1.8 6.7

Nondurable goods

14 3 15 -2

Private service-providing

231 44 254 201

Wholesale trade

5.7 -6.0 0.6 1.7

Retail trade

31.1 0.1 25.7 14.7

Transportation and warehousing

15.3 4.5 -6.7 11.7

Utilities

2.5 -2.0 2.5 0.7

Information

5 -41 42 0

Financial activities

20 16 15 18

Professional and business services(1)

46 32 53 70

Temporary help services

-9.3 -14.7 21.7 17.0

Education and health services(1)

58 46 58 36

Health care and social assistance

49.0 41.0 54.1 48.8

Leisure and hospitality

36 3 52 45

Other services

12 -8 12 3

Government

32 25 33 38

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

259 118 153 190

Total private

242 104 135 158

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.4 49.6 49.6 49.6

Total private women employees

47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.3 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.6 34.4 34.4 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$25.03 $25.59 $25.61 $25.69

Average weekly earnings

$866.04 $880.30 $880.98 $886.31

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

104.2 105.2 105.4 105.9

Over-the-month percent change

0.5 0.0 0.2 0.5

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

124.7 128.6 129.0 130.0

Over-the-month percent change

0.8 0.2 0.3 0.8

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (262 industries)

63.5 46.9 61.8 63.7

Manufacturing (79 industries)

50.0 39.9 51.3 54.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 623,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

250,876 253,397 253,620 250,876 252,768 252,969 253,174 253,397 253,620

Civilian labor force

158,527 160,135 160,705 157,115 159,286 158,924 158,466 158,880 159,287

Participation rate

63.2 63.2 63.4 62.6 63.0 62.8 62.6 62.7 62.8

Employed

149,722 151,990 152,437 148,866 151,320 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517

Employment-population ratio

59.7 60.0 60.1 59.3 59.9 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.7

Unemployed

8,805 8,144 8,267 8,249 7,966 7,920 7,436 7,783 7,770

Unemployment rate

5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force

92,349 93,262 92,916 93,761 93,482 94,044 94,708 94,517 94,333

Persons who currently want a job

6,446 6,101 6,244 6,104 5,712 5,793 5,923 5,692 5,886

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,139 122,427 122,539 121,139 122,112 122,213 122,316 122,427 122,539

Civilian labor force

84,831 85,790 86,130 83,557 84,765 84,641 84,332 84,766 84,826

Participation rate

70.0 70.1 70.3 69.0 69.4 69.3 68.9 69.2 69.2

Employed

80,436 81,514 81,823 79,183 80,543 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548

Employment-population ratio

66.4 66.6 66.8 65.4 66.0 65.8 65.7 65.8 65.7

Unemployed

4,394 4,275 4,308 4,375 4,222 4,222 3,963 4,169 4,278

Unemployment rate

5.2 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0

Not in labor force

36,309 36,638 36,409 37,582 37,347 37,572 37,984 37,662 37,713

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

112,714 113,951 114,058 112,714 113,653 113,746 113,844 113,951 114,058

Civilian labor force

81,320 82,209 82,393 80,752 81,815 81,748 81,407 81,788 81,834

Participation rate

72.1 72.1 72.2 71.6 72.0 71.9 71.5 71.8 71.7

Employed

77,541 78,673 78,695 76,871 78,096 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048

Employment-population ratio

68.8 69.0 69.0 68.2 68.7 68.6 68.4 68.6 68.4

Unemployed

3,779 3,536 3,698 3,880 3,719 3,749 3,490 3,661 3,786

Unemployment rate

4.6 4.3 4.5 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6

Not in labor force

31,395 31,742 31,665 31,963 31,838 31,998 32,437 32,163 32,224

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

129,737 130,969 131,081 129,737 130,656 130,756 130,858 130,969 131,081

Civilian labor force

73,696 74,345 74,574 73,558 74,520 74,284 74,134 74,115 74,461

Participation rate

56.8 56.8 56.9 56.7 57.0 56.8 56.7 56.6 56.8

Employed

69,286 70,476 70,615 69,683 70,777 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969

Employment-population ratio

53.4 53.8 53.9 53.7 54.2 54.0 54.0 53.8 54.1

Unemployed

4,410 3,869 3,960 3,875 3,743 3,698 3,473 3,614 3,492

Unemployment rate

6.0 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7

Not in labor force

56,041 56,625 56,507 56,179 56,135 56,472 56,725 56,855 56,620

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,551 122,728 122,835 121,551 122,433 122,524 122,622 122,728 122,835

Civilian labor force

70,339 71,057 71,092 70,783 71,610 71,302 71,218 71,303 71,572

Participation rate

57.9 57.9 57.9 58.2 58.5 58.2 58.1 58.1 58.3

Employed

66,485 67,769 67,702 67,323 68,293 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508

Employment-population ratio

54.7 55.2 55.1 55.4 55.8 55.6 55.6 55.5 55.8

Unemployed

3,854 3,288 3,389 3,460 3,317 3,230 3,009 3,196 3,065

Unemployment rate

5.5 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3

Not in labor force

51,212 51,671 51,743 50,769 50,823 51,223 51,404 51,425 51,262

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,611 16,718 16,728 16,611 16,682 16,699 16,708 16,718 16,728

Civilian labor force

6,868 6,868 7,220 5,581 5,860 5,875 5,841 5,789 5,881

Participation rate

41.3 41.1 43.2 33.6 35.1 35.2 35.0 34.6 35.2

Employed

5,696 5,548 6,040 4,672 4,931 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961

Employment-population ratio

34.3 33.2 36.1 28.1 29.6 29.5 29.4 29.1 29.7

Unemployed

1,172 1,320 1,179 909 929 941 937 926 920

Unemployment rate

17.1 19.2 16.3 16.3 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6

Not in labor force

9,743 9,849 9,508 11,030 10,822 10,824 10,867 10,928 10,847

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

196,904 198,132 198,253 196,904 197,809 197,906 198,013 198,132 198,253

Civilian labor force

124,667 125,448 125,849 123,576 125,018 124,749 124,299 124,551 124,793

Participation rate

63.3 63.3 63.5 62.8 63.2 63.0 62.8 62.9 62.9

Employed

118,603 119,783 120,140 117,876 119,674 119,369 119,222 119,133 119,426

Employment-population ratio

60.2 60.5 60.6 59.9 60.5 60.3 60.2 60.1 60.2

Unemployed

6,064 5,665 5,709 5,700 5,345 5,380 5,077 5,418 5,367

Unemployment rate

4.9 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3

Not in labor force

72,237 72,684 72,404 73,328 72,791 73,157 73,714 73,581 73,460

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,207 65,419 65,659 64,770 65,296 65,178 64,932 65,112 65,232

Participation rate

72.5 72.3 72.5 72.1 72.3 72.1 71.8 71.9 72.0

Employed

62,550 62,925 63,059 62,022 62,739 62,600 62,498 62,526 62,556

Employment-population ratio

69.6 69.5 69.6 69.0 69.4 69.2 69.1 69.1 69.1

Unemployed

2,657 2,494 2,601 2,748 2,557 2,578 2,434 2,586 2,676

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.8 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,032 54,622 54,510 54,393 55,142 54,984 54,754 54,869 54,948

Participation rate

57.1 57.3 57.2 57.4 58.0 57.8 57.5 57.6 57.6

Employed

51,403 52,353 52,239 52,059 52,992 52,798 52,775 52,682 52,913

Employment-population ratio

54.3 55.0 54.8 55.0 55.7 55.5 55.4 55.3 55.5

Unemployed

2,628 2,269 2,271 2,334 2,149 2,185 1,979 2,187 2,035

Unemployment rate

4.9 4.2 4.2 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.6 4.0 3.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,428 5,407 5,680 4,413 4,580 4,587 4,612 4,570 4,613

Participation rate

44.1 43.8 46.0 35.8 37.1 37.2 37.4 37.0 37.4

Employed

4,649 4,505 4,843 3,795 3,942 3,970 3,949 3,925 3,957

Employment-population ratio

37.8 36.5 39.2 30.8 32.0 32.2 32.0 31.8 32.0

Unemployed

779 902 837 618 638 617 664 645 656

Unemployment rate

14.4 16.7 14.7 14.0 13.9 13.4 14.4 14.1 14.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

31,399 31,866 31,904 31,399 31,753 31,792 31,828 31,866 31,904

Civilian labor force

19,537 19,707 19,753 19,295 19,513 19,413 19,410 19,532 19,522

Participation rate

62.2 61.8 61.9 61.5 61.5 61.1 61.0 61.3 61.2

Employed

17,649 17,974 18,004 17,541 17,759 17,700 17,822 17,854 17,885

Employment-population ratio

56.2 56.4 56.4 55.9 55.9 55.7 56.0 56.0 56.1

Unemployed

1,887 1,733 1,750 1,754 1,754 1,713 1,588 1,678 1,637

Unemployment rate

9.7 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.0 8.8 8.2 8.6 8.4

Not in labor force

11,862 12,159 12,151 12,104 12,240 12,379 12,417 12,334 12,382

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,791 9,089 9,067 8,727 8,881 9,013 8,889 9,000 8,994

Participation rate

67.4 68.5 68.3 66.9 67.2 68.1 67.1 67.8 67.7

Employed

8,023 8,370 8,326 7,961 8,112 8,155 8,218 8,262 8,254

Employment-population ratio

61.5 63.1 62.7 61.1 61.4 61.6 62.0 62.3 62.1

Unemployed

769 719 741 765 768 858 671 738 740

Unemployment rate

8.7 7.9 8.2 8.8 8.7 9.5 7.6 8.2 8.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,866 9,775 9,822 9,869 9,868 9,667 9,801 9,799 9,831

Participation rate

62.2 60.8 61.0 62.2 61.5 60.2 61.0 60.9 61.0

Employed

9,020 9,082 9,058 9,079 9,076 9,003 9,079 9,088 9,114

Employment-population ratio

56.8 56.4 56.2 57.2 56.6 56.1 56.5 56.5 56.6

Unemployed

846 693 764 790 792 665 722 711 717

Unemployment rate

8.6 7.1 7.8 8.0 8.0 6.9 7.4 7.3 7.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

879 843 864 700 764 732 720 733 697

Participation rate

35.3 33.6 34.4 28.1 30.5 29.2 28.7 29.2 27.7

Employed

607 522 620 501 571 542 525 504 518

Employment-population ratio

24.4 20.8 24.7 20.1 22.8 21.6 20.9 20.1 20.6

Unemployed

273 321 244 199 193 190 195 228 179

Unemployment rate

31.0 38.1 28.3 28.5 25.3 26.0 27.1 31.2 25.7

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

14,540 15,032 15,211 14,540 14,911 14,853 14,938 15,032 15,211

Civilian labor force

9,181 9,584 9,736 9,111 9,411 9,448 9,413 9,504 9,651

Participation rate

63.1 63.8 64.0 62.7 63.1 63.6 63.0 63.2 63.4

Employed

8,795 9,226 9,341 8,749 9,038 9,090 9,027 9,172 9,281

Employment-population ratio

60.5 61.4 61.4 60.2 60.6 61.2 60.4 61.0 61.0

Unemployed

387 358 395 361 373 357 386 332 369

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 3.5 3.8

Not in labor force

5,359 5,448 5,475 5,429 5,500 5,406 5,525 5,529 5,560

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

39,648 40,646 40,732 39,648 40,386 40,474 40,558 40,646 40,732

Civilian labor force

26,334 26,853 26,981 26,142 26,782 26,595 26,510 26,675 26,785

Participation rate

66.4 66.1 66.2 65.9 66.3 65.7 65.4 65.6 65.8

Employed

24,478 25,251 25,463 24,372 25,289 24,960 25,032 25,136 25,347

Employment-population ratio

61.7 62.1 62.5 61.5 62.6 61.7 61.7 61.8 62.2

Unemployed

1,856 1,602 1,518 1,770 1,493 1,636 1,478 1,539 1,438

Unemployment rate

7.0 6.0 5.6 6.8 5.6 6.1 5.6 5.8 5.4

Not in labor force

13,314 13,793 13,752 13,506 13,604 13,878 14,048 13,971 13,947

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

14,511 14,783 14,900 14,458 14,799 14,685 14,598 14,751 14,842

Participation rate

81.2 80.7 81.2 80.9 81.3 80.5 79.8 80.5 80.8

Employed

13,694 14,145 14,242 13,595 14,085 13,949 13,956 14,095 14,141

Employment-population ratio

76.6 77.2 77.6 76.1 77.4 76.5 76.3 76.9 77.0

Unemployed

817 638 658 862 714 736 642 656 701

Unemployment rate

5.6 4.3 4.4 6.0 4.8 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,518 10,762 10,747 10,573 10,814 10,744 10,667 10,750 10,797

Participation rate

58.2 58.0 57.8 58.5 58.7 58.2 57.6 58.0 58.1

Employed

9,751 10,079 10,136 9,850 10,218 10,041 10,058 10,067 10,226

Employment-population ratio

54.0 54.3 54.5 54.5 55.5 54.4 54.3 54.3 55.0

Unemployed

766 684 611 722 596 703 609 683 571

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.4 5.7 6.8 5.5 6.5 5.7 6.4 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,305 1,307 1,334 1,112 1,168 1,166 1,244 1,175 1,146

Participation rate

35.2 34.6 35.3 30.0 31.1 31.0 33.0 31.1 30.3

Employed

1,033 1,027 1,085 927 986 969 1,017 974 980

Employment-population ratio

27.9 27.2 28.7 25.0 26.3 25.8 27.0 25.8 25.9

Unemployed

272 280 249 185 182 196 227 201 166

Unemployment rate

20.9 21.4 18.7 16.7 15.6 16.8 18.3 17.1 14.5

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,622 10,684 10,409 10,830 10,777 10,777 10,464 10,522 10,638

Participation rate

45.3 45.9 46.0 46.2 46.2 46.1 44.5 45.2 47.0

Employed

9,750 9,954 9,756 9,945 9,978 9,966 9,720 9,734 9,969

Employment-population ratio

41.6 42.8 43.1 42.4 42.8 42.7 41.3 41.9 44.0

Unemployed

872 730 653 884 799 812 744 787 669

Unemployment rate

8.2 6.8 6.3 8.2 7.4 7.5 7.1 7.5 6.3

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,088 35,068 35,495 35,156 35,615 35,501 35,536 35,260 35,547

Participation rate

57.0 56.9 57.0 57.1 57.4 57.2 57.1 57.2 57.1

Employed

33,149 33,393 33,698 33,222 33,688 33,567 33,728 33,480 33,758

Employment-population ratio

53.9 54.2 54.1 54.0 54.3 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.2

Unemployed

1,939 1,675 1,798 1,934 1,927 1,934 1,808 1,780 1,789

Unemployment rate

5.5 4.8 5.1 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,731 37,883 37,977 37,463 37,958 37,757 37,829 37,804 37,791

Participation rate

66.2 66.1 66.5 65.7 66.3 65.9 66.2 66.0 66.2

Employed

36,044 36,349 36,319 35,820 36,396 36,204 36,364 36,231 36,182

Employment-population ratio

63.2 63.4 63.6 62.9 63.6 63.2 63.7 63.2 63.4

Unemployed

1,688 1,534 1,658 1,643 1,562 1,553 1,465 1,573 1,609

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.0 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.3

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

51,924 53,744 53,720 52,376 53,447 53,316 53,398 54,102 54,100

Participation rate

73.9 73.9 73.4 74.5 74.5 74.3 74.3 74.4 74.0

Employed

50,446 52,328 52,209 51,041 52,051 52,025 52,113 52,723 52,741

Employment-population ratio

71.8 71.9 71.4 72.6 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.1

Unemployed

1,477 1,417 1,511 1,335 1,396 1,291 1,285 1,378 1,359

Unemployment rate

2.8 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,199 20,883 19,201 18,868 1,998 2,015

Civilian labor force

10,670 10,621 9,494 9,407 1,176 1,213

Participation rate

50.3 50.9 49.4 49.9 58.9 60.2

Employed

10,169 10,121 9,052 8,992 1,117 1,129

Employment-population ratio

48.0 48.5 47.1 47.7 55.9 56.0

Unemployed

501 499 442 415 59 84

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 5.0 6.9

Not in labor force

10,529 10,262 9,707 9,461 822 802

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,590 3,892 2,970 3,173 620 719

Civilian labor force

2,839 3,207 2,432 2,690 407 517

Participation rate

79.1 82.4 81.9 84.8 65.6 72.0

Employed

2,649 3,019 2,271 2,535 378 484

Employment-population ratio

73.8 77.6 76.5 79.9 61.0 67.4

Unemployed

190 188 161 155 29 33

Unemployment rate

6.7 5.9 6.6 5.8 7.0 6.4

Not in labor force

751 685 538 483 213 202

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,454 3,366 2,908 2,886 546 480

Civilian labor force

2,771 2,668 2,366 2,336 405 332

Participation rate

80.2 79.3 81.4 81.0 74.2 69.2

Employed

2,672 2,543 2,287 2,241 385 303

Employment-population ratio

77.4 75.6 78.6 77.7 70.5 63.0

Unemployed

99 125 80 96 20 29

Unemployment rate

3.6 4.7 3.4 4.1 4.9 8.9

Not in labor force

682 697 542 549 141 148

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

8,886 8,474 8,570 8,170 316 304

Civilian labor force

2,381 2,121 2,296 2,030 84 91

Participation rate

26.8 25.0 26.8 24.9 26.7 29.8

Employed

2,276 2,037 2,197 1,951 79 86

Employment-population ratio

25.6 24.0 25.6 23.9 25.0 28.2

Unemployed

105 84 99 79 5 5

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.0 4.3 3.9 6.4 5.4

Not in labor force

6,505 6,353 6,274 6,140 232 213

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,269 5,151 4,753 4,639 516 512

Civilian labor force

2,679 2,624 2,400 2,351 280 274

Participation rate

50.9 50.9 50.5 50.7 54.2 53.4

Employed

2,572 2,522 2,297 2,266 274 256

Employment-population ratio

48.8 49.0 48.3 48.8 53.2 50.1

Unemployed

108 102 102 85 5 17

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.9 4.3 3.6 1.9 6.2

Not in labor force

2,590 2,527 2,353 2,288 236 238

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

220,867 223,769 97,413 99,175 123,454 124,594

Civilian labor force

145,268 147,286 74,010 75,343 71,257 71,944

Participation rate

65.8 65.8 76.0 76.0 57.7 57.7

Employed

137,481 140,007 70,321 71,665 67,160 68,342

Employment-population ratio

62.2 62.6 72.2 72.3 54.4 54.9

Unemployed

7,787 7,280 3,690 3,678 4,098 3,602

Unemployment rate

5.4 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.8 5.0

Not in labor force

75,599 76,483 23,402 23,832 52,197 52,651

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

29,773 30,214 221,103 223,406

Civilian labor force

5,890 6,150 152,637 154,555

Participation rate

19.8 20.4 69.0 69.2

Employed

5,277 5,467 144,445 146,970

Employment-population ratio

17.7 18.1 65.3 65.8

Unemployed

613 682 8,192 7,585

Unemployment rate

10.4 11.1 5.4 4.9

Not in labor force

23,884 24,064 68,466 68,851

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,521 2,836 77,404 78,023

Participation rate

33.4 35.7 83.4 83.8

Employed

2,265 2,534 73,405 74,231

Employment-population ratio

30.0 31.9 79.0 79.7

Unemployed

256 302 4,000 3,792

Unemployment rate

10.2 10.7 5.2 4.9

Not in labor force

5,020 5,103 15,456 15,115

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,255 2,216 67,621 68,250

Participation rate

28.0 28.1 70.5 70.7

Employed

1,970 1,910 63,700 64,822

Employment-population ratio

24.5 24.3 66.4 67.1

Unemployed

285 306 3,921 3,428

Unemployment rate

12.7 13.8 5.8 5.0

Not in labor force

5,790 5,656 28,281 28,335

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,114 1,098 7,612 8,282

Participation rate

7.8 7.6 23.5 24.6

Employed

1,043 1,023 7,340 7,917

Employment-population ratio

7.4 7.1 22.7 23.5

Unemployed

71 75 272 365

Unemployment rate

6.4 6.8 3.6 4.4

Not in labor force

13,074 13,306 24,729 25,402

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

40,135 41,311 19,501 19,979 20,634 21,332

Civilian labor force

26,079 27,132 15,345 15,779 10,734 11,353

Participation rate

65.0 65.7 78.7 79.0 52.0 53.2

Employed

24,710 25,984 14,682 15,204 10,028 10,779

Employment-population ratio

61.6 62.9 75.3 76.1 48.6 50.5

Unemployed

1,369 1,149 663 575 706 574

Unemployment rate

5.2 4.2 4.3 3.6 6.6 5.1

Not in labor force

14,056 14,178 4,156 4,200 9,900 9,979

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

210,742 212,310 101,638 102,561 109,103 109,749

Civilian labor force

132,448 133,572 69,486 70,351 62,962 63,221

Participation rate

62.8 62.9 68.4 68.6 57.7 57.6

Employed

125,012 126,453 65,754 66,618 59,258 59,835

Employment-population ratio

59.3 59.6 64.7 65.0 54.3 54.5

Unemployed

7,436 7,119 3,732 3,733 3,704 3,386

Unemployment rate

5.6 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.9 5.4

Not in labor force

78,293 78,737 32,152 32,209 46,141 46,528

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,601 2,661 2,597 2,369 2,623 2,592 2,585 2,516 2,388

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,654 1,748 1,763 1,494 1,643 1,706 1,689 1,651 1,605

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

912 885 809 854 938 856 862 840 766

Unpaid family workers

34 27 25 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

147,121 149,329 149,840 146,444 148,704 148,377 148,429 148,640 149,155

Wage and salary workers(1)

138,143 140,363 140,983 137,662 139,703 139,411 139,574 139,777 140,468

Government

19,720 19,821 19,605 20,554 20,548 20,323 20,599 20,186 20,430

Private industries

118,423 120,542 121,378 117,078 119,223 119,136 119,011 119,592 119,988

Private households

792 790 756 - - - - - -

Other industries

117,632 119,751 120,621 116,314 118,584 118,390 118,282 118,837 119,250

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,879 8,909 8,777 8,722 8,869 8,872 8,816 8,772 8,660

Unpaid family workers

99 58 80 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

6,511 6,119 6,157 6,300 6,123 5,962 6,430 5,843 5,940

Slack work or business conditions

3,883 3,567 3,742 3,791 3,631 3,709 3,890 3,443 3,642

Could only find part-time work

2,263 2,144 1,990 2,212 2,154 2,009 2,086 2,062 1,981

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

18,273 19,659 19,088 19,863 20,428 20,469 20,606 20,505 20,717

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

6,414 6,023 6,071 6,200 6,032 5,874 6,372 5,745 5,846

Slack work or business conditions

3,813 3,507 3,676 3,711 3,575 3,651 3,828 3,377 3,566

Could only find part-time work

2,249 2,128 1,979 2,197 2,138 1,995 2,076 2,052 1,965

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

17,895 19,261 18,697 19,495 20,084 20,114 20,224 20,101 20,337

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

149,722 151,990 152,437 148,866 151,320 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517

16 to 19 years

5,696 5,548 6,040 4,672 4,931 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961

16 to 17 years

2,073 2,095 2,309 1,632 1,688 1,692 1,732 1,839 1,811

18 to 19 years

3,624 3,453 3,731 3,049 3,252 3,239 3,193 3,032 3,149

20 years and over

144,026 146,442 146,397 144,194 146,389 146,070 146,126 146,234 146,556

20 to 24 years

14,637 14,419 14,416 14,041 14,171 14,016 14,090 14,023 13,865

25 years and over

129,389 132,023 131,981 130,154 132,116 131,998 131,965 132,251 132,756

25 to 54 years

96,107 97,748 97,628 96,502 97,932 97,648 97,765 97,793 98,042

25 to 34 years

32,518 33,686 33,694 32,662 33,493 33,390 33,518 33,662 33,812

35 to 44 years

31,089 31,490 31,453 31,265 31,555 31,445 31,578 31,543 31,627

45 to 54 years

32,499 32,573 32,481 32,575 32,883 32,813 32,669 32,588 32,602

55 years and over

33,282 34,275 34,353 33,652 34,184 34,350 34,200 34,459 34,714

Men, 16 years and over

80,436 81,514 81,823 79,183 80,543 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548

16 to 19 years

2,896 2,841 3,128 2,311 2,447 2,420 2,452 2,469 2,500

16 to 17 years

1,063 1,055 1,165 797 770 789 826 906 869

18 to 19 years

1,832 1,786 1,962 1,512 1,674 1,621 1,630 1,571 1,627

20 years and over

77,541 78,673 78,695 76,871 78,096 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048

20 to 24 years

7,592 7,473 7,511 7,171 7,284 7,274 7,221 7,229 7,120

25 years and over

69,949 71,200 71,184 69,741 70,750 70,710 70,647 70,899 70,987

25 to 54 years

52,020 52,756 52,623 51,745 52,580 52,388 52,431 52,493 52,395

25 to 34 years

17,778 18,344 18,285 17,694 18,199 18,060 18,136 18,209 18,197

35 to 44 years

16,904 17,127 17,101 16,839 17,018 17,017 17,059 17,084 17,048

45 to 54 years

17,338 17,286 17,237 17,213 17,363 17,312 17,236 17,200 17,149

55 years and over

17,929 18,444 18,561 17,995 18,170 18,321 18,216 18,406 18,592

Women, 16 years and over

69,286 70,476 70,615 69,683 70,777 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969

16 to 19 years

2,801 2,707 2,912 2,361 2,485 2,514 2,452 2,394 2,461

16 to 17 years

1,009 1,040 1,143 834 918 903 906 934 942

18 to 19 years

1,792 1,667 1,769 1,537 1,578 1,618 1,563 1,461 1,522

20 years and over

66,485 67,769 67,702 67,323 68,293 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508

20 to 24 years

7,045 6,946 6,905 6,870 6,887 6,742 6,868 6,794 6,745

25 years and over

59,440 60,823 60,797 60,413 61,366 61,288 61,318 61,353 61,768

25 to 54 years

44,087 44,992 45,005 44,757 45,351 45,259 45,334 45,300 45,646

25 to 34 years

14,741 15,342 15,409 14,968 15,294 15,330 15,382 15,453 15,614

35 to 44 years

14,185 14,363 14,352 14,426 14,537 14,427 14,519 14,460 14,579

45 to 54 years

15,162 15,288 15,244 15,362 15,520 15,502 15,433 15,387 15,453

55 years and over

15,353 15,831 15,792 15,657 16,015 16,028 15,984 16,053 16,122

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

44,762 45,609 45,447 44,870 45,266 45,207 45,023 45,562 45,532

Married women, spouse present

34,098 34,827 34,540 34,865 35,387 35,227 35,158 35,171 35,316

Women who maintain families

9,799 9,542 9,809 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

123,142 124,903 125,507 121,641 123,447 123,194 123,135 123,586 123,892

Part-time workers(2)

26,580 27,087 26,930 27,208 27,818 27,797 27,936 27,445 27,595

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

6,997 7,059 7,190 7,160 7,466 7,411 7,412 7,207 7,361

Percent of total employed

4.7 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,453 5,586 5,468 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,791 9,794 9,586 9,577 9,807 9,728 9,678 9,612 9,426

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

8,249 7,783 7,770 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years

909 926 920 16.3 15.9 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6

16 to 17 years

342 376 328 17.3 19.2 19.7 18.5 17.0 15.3

18 to 19 years

572 557 594 15.8 14.0 13.5 14.4 15.5 15.9

20 years and over

7,340 6,857 6,850 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years

1,563 1,331 1,369 10.0 8.4 8.8 8.3 8.7 9.0

25 years and over

5,793 5,540 5,473 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0

25 to 54 years

4,515 4,233 4,139 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.1

25 to 34 years

1,884 1,824 1,789 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0

35 to 44 years

1,340 1,228 1,142 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.5

45 to 54 years

1,292 1,181 1,208 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6

55 years and over

1,282 1,265 1,326 3.7 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.7

Men, 16 years and over

4,375 4,169 4,278 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0

16 to 19 years

494 508 493 17.6 17.0 16.4 16.2 17.1 16.5

16 to 17 years

183 203 154 18.7 22.8 20.6 19.3 18.3 15.0

18 to 19 years

313 320 342 17.1 14.3 13.2 14.3 16.9 17.4

20 years and over

3,880 3,661 3,786 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6

20 to 24 years

864 746 796 10.8 9.1 9.5 8.8 9.4 10.1

25 years and over

3,010 2,909 2,979 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0

25 to 54 years

2,342 2,190 2,236 4.3 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.0 4.1

25 to 34 years

1,016 983 960 5.4 4.9 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.0

35 to 44 years

667 617 612 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5

45 to 54 years

659 590 664 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.7

55 years and over

668 719 743 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8

Women, 16 years and over

3,875 3,614 3,492 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7

16 to 19 years

415 417 427 14.9 14.6 15.7 15.9 14.8 14.8

16 to 17 years

159 173 174 16.0 16.0 18.9 17.8 15.6 15.6

18 to 19 years

259 237 252 14.4 13.6 13.7 14.5 14.0 14.2

20 years and over

3,460 3,196 3,065 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3

20 to 24 years

699 585 573 9.2 7.6 8.1 7.7 7.9 7.8

25 years and over

2,783 2,631 2,494 4.4 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.9

25 to 54 years

2,173 2,043 1,903 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.0

25 to 34 years

868 841 829 5.5 5.4 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0

35 to 44 years

673 610 530 4.5 4.2 4.4 3.6 4.1 3.5

45 to 54 years

632 591 543 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.4

55 years and over

583 561 562 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

1,291 1,233 1,219 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6

Married women, spouse present

1,168 1,181 1,106 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0

Women who maintain families(1)

855 749 765 8.0 6.8 6.7 6.6 7.3 7.2

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

6,819 6,339 6,342 5.3 5.1 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.9

Part-time workers(3)

1,458 1,425 1,434 5.1 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.9

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4,204 3,677 3,869 4,116 3,835 3,855 3,573 3,776 3,739

On temporary layoff

1,140 1,124 1,165 989 921 841 829 1,097 997

Not on temporary layoff

3,063 2,552 2,704 3,127 2,914 3,014 2,744 2,679 2,743

Permanent job losers

2,182 1,848 2,014 2,220 2,068 2,058 1,982 1,917 2,021

Persons who completed temporary jobs

881 704 690 907 845 957 762 763 722

Job leavers

875 797 865 844 833 851 796 828 824

Reentrants

2,604 2,392 2,429 2,441 2,495 2,357 2,209 2,268 2,298

New entrants

1,122 1,278 1,104 827 778 839 865 902 826

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

47.7 45.1 46.8 50.0 48.3 48.8 48.0 48.6 48.6

On temporary layoff

13.0 13.8 14.1 12.0 11.6 10.6 11.1 14.1 13.0

Not on temporary layoff

34.8 31.3 32.7 38.0 36.7 38.2 36.9 34.5 35.7

Job leavers

9.9 9.8 10.5 10.3 10.5 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.7

Reentrants

29.6 29.4 29.4 29.7 31.4 29.8 29.7 29.2 29.9

New entrants

12.7 15.7 13.4 10.0 9.8 10.6 11.6 11.6 10.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3

Job leavers

0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

New entrants

0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,870 3,206 2,476 2,471 2,412 2,545 2,207 2,418 2,160

5 to 14 weeks

2,690 1,969 2,731 2,249 2,205 2,131 2,239 2,140 2,266

15 weeks and over

3,245 2,970 3,060 3,372 3,391 3,367 3,058 3,108 3,170

15 to 26 weeks

1,049 1,066 1,033 1,182 1,178 1,304 1,173 1,129 1,150

27 weeks and over

2,196 1,904 2,027 2,190 2,213 2,063 1,885 1,979 2,020

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

26.5 25.7 26.3 28.3 28.4 27.7 26.7 27.7 28.1

Median duration, in weeks

9.4 8.3 9.6 11.4 11.4 11.4 10.7 10.3 11.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

32.6 39.4 30.0 30.5 30.1 31.6 29.4 31.5 28.4

5 to 14 weeks

30.5 24.2 33.0 27.8 27.5 26.5 29.8 27.9 29.8

15 weeks and over

36.9 36.5 37.0 41.7 42.4 41.9 40.8 40.5 41.7

15 to 26 weeks

11.9 13.1 12.5 14.6 14.7 16.2 15.6 14.7 15.1

27 weeks and over

24.9 23.4 24.5 27.1 27.6 25.7 25.1 25.8 26.6

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

Total, 16 years and over(1)

149,722 152,437 8,805 8,267 5.6 5.1

Management, professional, and related occupations

57,392 58,434 1,807 1,782 3.1 3.0

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

24,522 24,755 566 609 2.3 2.4

Professional and related occupations

32,870 33,678 1,240 1,174 3.6 3.4

Service occupations

26,843 28,293 1,932 1,626 6.7 5.4

Sales and office occupations

33,366 33,766 1,848 1,691 5.2 4.8

Sales and related occupations

15,677 16,031 966 828 5.8 4.9

Office and administrative support occupations

17,689 17,734 882 863 4.8 4.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,294 14,467 816 769 5.4 5.0

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,155 1,221 76 99 6.2 7.5

Construction and extraction occupations

7,970 8,354 536 463 6.3 5.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,169 4,892 204 207 3.8 4.1

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,827 17,477 1,248 1,265 6.5 6.8

Production occupations

8,647 8,235 567 517 6.2 5.9

Transportation and material moving occupations

9,180 9,242 681 749 6.9 7.5

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

Total, 16 years and over(1)

8,805 8,267 5.6 5.1

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

6,382 5,789 5.1 4.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

79 77 8.1 9.3

Construction

474 410 5.5 4.5

Manufacturing

690 669 4.3 4.3

Durable goods

408 461 4.0 4.6

Nondurable goods

282 208 4.8 3.6

Wholesale and retail trade

1,183 1,048 5.8 5.2

Transportation and utilities

317 313 5.1 4.9

Information

115 149 4.1 5.7

Financial activities

221 237 2.3 2.4

Professional and business services

860 803 5.4 4.7

Education and health services

978 889 4.3 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,140 889 7.7 6.0

Other services

327 306 4.9 4.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

85 100 5.0 5.5

Government workers

872 905 4.2 4.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

343 370 3.3 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
June
2016
July
2016
July
2015
Mar.
2016
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.7 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

5.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

6.0 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.2

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

6.7 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.0 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

10.7 9.9 10.1 10.4 9.8 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016
July
2015
July
2016

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

92,349 92,916 36,309 36,409 56,041 56,507

Persons who currently want a job

6,446 6,244 2,860 2,905 3,586 3,339

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,927 1,950 1,017 1,071 911 879

Discouraged workers(2)

668 591 377 358 291 233

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,259 1,359 639 713 620 646

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

6,997 7,190 3,602 3,520 3,395 3,670

Percent of total employed

4.7 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.9 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,798 3,842 2,198 2,103 1,600 1,739

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,902 1,964 665 677 1,237 1,287

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

247 306 167 166 80 139

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

982 1,000 537 538 446 462

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
Change from:
June2016 - July2016(p)

Total nonfarm

141,774 144,555 145,215 144,185 142,001 143,901 144,193 144,448 255

Total private

121,014 122,099 123,177 123,262 119,979 121,796 122,055 122,272 217

Goods-producing

19,935 19,640 19,909 19,982 19,585 19,618 19,623 19,639 16

Mining and logging

825 689 689 691 812 696 689 682 -7

Logging

53.8 48.6 50.7 51.8 52.3 50.0 50.4 49.9 -0.5

Mining

771.5 640.0 638.6 639.2 760.0 645.7 638.2 632.1 -6.1

Oil and gas extraction

194.2 173.7 173.7 172.7 192.5 174.4 172.1 170.1 -2.0

Mining, except oil and gas

204.1 183.6 184.9 184.0 197.6 181.2 180.5 179.4 -1.1

Coal mining

65.6 53.7 52.9 52.3 65.2 54.0 52.9 52.3 -0.6

Metal ore mining

41.7 38.0 38.7 38.4 41.2 38.0 38.1 37.9 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

96.8 91.9 93.3 93.3 91.2 89.2 89.6 89.2 -0.4

Support activities for mining

373.2 282.7 280.0 282.5 369.9 290.1 285.6 282.6 -3.0

Construction

6,703 6,698 6,846 6,912 6,437 6,641 6,638 6,652 14

Construction of buildings

1,462.2 1,459.8 1,491.9 1,507.0 1,415.9 1,461.2 1,459.0 1,461.8 2.8

Residential building

713.3 722.7 738.6 745.5 690.5 721.2 719.7 719.9 0.2

Nonresidential building

748.9 737.1 753.3 761.5 725.4 740.0 739.3 741.9 2.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction

992.4 960.4 982.2 993.5 935.9 937.9 934.9 936.8 1.9

Specialty trade contractors

4,247.9 4,277.8 4,371.7 4,411.6 4,085.3 4,241.4 4,243.9 4,253.3 9.4

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,854.8 1,883.8 1,932.0 1,944.7 1,772.5 1,860.1 1,862.7 1,863.2 0.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,393.1 2,394.0 2,439.7 2,466.9 2,312.8 2,381.3 2,381.2 2,390.1 8.9

Manufacturing

12,407 12,253 12,374 12,379 12,336 12,281 12,296 12,305 9

Durable goods

7,791 7,678 7,733 7,724 7,762 7,686 7,686 7,697 11

Wood products

381.7 382.8 388.7 387.1 378.1 381.8 383.7 382.3 -1.4

Nonmetallic mineral products

405.2 405.3 409.6 411.3 396.6 401.0 400.8 402.0 1.2

Primary metals

393.7 375.4 375.2 374.8 393.3 376.5 375.4 375.7 0.3

Fabricated metal products

1,466.9 1,427.3 1,432.9 1,429.7 1,460.7 1,429.1 1,427.2 1,425.4 -1.8

Machinery

1,125.1 1,076.5 1,086.1 1,088.7 1,122.8 1,079.9 1,081.3 1,084.6 3.3

Computer and electronic products

1,058.9 1,041.3 1,045.9 1,042.5 1,052.0 1,042.0 1,039.3 1,036.2 -3.1

Computer and peripheral equipment

162.6 163.1 164.0 165.1 160.9 163.1 162.7 162.9 0.2

Communications equipment

88.5 84.7 85.1 85.1 88.0 84.8 84.6 84.8 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic components

369.3 363.6 364.4 360.8 368.4 363.9 362.0 359.2 -2.8

Electronic instruments

403.6 395.1 397.4 396.9 399.9 395.4 395.2 394.7 -0.5

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

34.9 34.8 35.0 34.6 34.6 34.8 34.9 34.5 -0.4

Electrical equipment and appliances

387.0 381.4 386.2 385.7 384.8 382.4 383.9 383.5 -0.4

Transportation equipment(1)

1,591.3 1,604.7 1,616.1 1,612.0 1,600.2 1,608.9 1,607.6 1,619.1 11.5

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

899.4 924.7 933.5 926.4 910.8 929.0 930.8 937.5 6.7

Furniture and related products

385.4 386.4 390.3 391.2 380.1 386.4 388.3 387.9 -0.4

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

596.0 596.4 602.0 601.0 593.6 597.5 598.9 600.2 1.3

Nondurable goods

4,616 4,575 4,641 4,655 4,574 4,595 4,610 4,608 -2

Food manufacturing

1,534.5 1,500.4 1,546.9 1,565.0 1,511.4 1,522.0 1,537.4 1,537.9 0.5

Textile mills

116.2 114.0 114.0 112.8 116.3 113.4 113.1 112.8 -0.3

Textile product mills

117.9 117.1 117.4 116.2 117.0 117.2 116.4 115.6 -0.8

Apparel

135.2 132.3 132.2 127.9 137.0 132.3 131.6 129.1 -2.5

Paper and paper products

375.1 371.8 374.1 371.6 372.7 371.8 371.1 369.6 -1.5

Printing and related support activities

447.2 444.1 445.1 443.3 447.2 444.1 443.5 443.2 -0.3

Petroleum and coal products

118.9 116.3 117.6 118.1 115.8 115.4 115.5 115.2 -0.3

Chemicals

815.6 818.0 823.3 824.7 810.1 819.0 819.2 819.7 0.5

Plastics and rubber products

692.7 695.8 695.7 694.8 688.1 693.1 691.8 691.3 -0.5

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

263.1 264.9 274.6 280.6 258.4 266.8 270.4 273.7 3.3

Private service-providing

101,079 102,459 103,268 103,280 100,394 102,178 102,432 102,633 201

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26,969 27,216 27,369 27,355 26,963 27,292 27,314 27,343 29

Wholesale trade

5,914.6 5,931.7 5,959.4 5,957.1 5,875.9 5,919.7 5,920.3 5,922.0 1.7

Durable goods

2,951.9 2,949.1 2,965.6 2,965.2 2,933.2 2,946.3 2,948.0 2,948.0 0.0

Nondurable goods

2,054.6 2,066.9 2,080.0 2,079.6 2,037.4 2,059.9 2,061.5 2,064.8 3.3

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

908.1 915.7 913.8 912.3 905.3 913.5 910.8 909.2 -1.6

Retail trade

15,679.6 15,853.4 15,959.2 15,979.9 15,670.7 15,919.6 15,945.3 15,960.0 14.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,956.0 1,999.4 2,008.7 2,010.7 1,938.2 1,991.6 1,991.6 1,992.6 1.0

Automobile dealers

1,248.2 1,285.5 1,291.6 1,292.1 1,243.1 1,284.6 1,285.7 1,285.9 0.2

Other motor vehicle dealers

155.6 154.5 158.0 159.3 145.2 149.4 149.7 150.3 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

552.2 559.4 559.1 559.3 549.9 557.7 556.3 556.4 0.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores

466.5 474.2 476.4 478.2 472.9 480.7 482.9 484.0 1.1

Electronics and appliance stores

513.5 515.2 515.4 517.1 527.5 530.4 529.0 529.1 0.1

Building material and garden supply stores

1,271.0 1,356.1 1,351.2 1,319.7 1,236.1 1,279.7 1,282.5 1,281.6 -0.9

Food and beverage stores

3,098.4 3,094.6 3,139.1 3,141.0 3,073.6 3,099.8 3,106.9 3,108.7 1.8

Health and personal care stores

1,033.4 1,039.6 1,047.8 1,045.9 1,033.2 1,044.7 1,048.9 1,048.7 -0.2

Gasoline stations

919.9 924.6 932.1 937.0 905.0 921.0 921.0 924.1 3.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,355.3 1,334.8 1,350.9 1,371.0 1,368.2 1,382.0 1,380.6 1,381.6 1.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

609.8 610.6 607.6 612.9 624.8 629.9 630.5 631.9 1.4

General merchandise stores

3,109.3 3,142.1 3,155.3 3,165.4 3,146.1 3,187.0 3,193.1 3,195.5 2.4

Department stores

1,301.5 1,274.3 1,281.1 1,291.1 1,331.5 1,311.0 1,313.2 1,313.1 -0.1

Other general merchandise stores

1,807.8 1,867.8 1,874.2 1,874.3 1,814.6 1,876.0 1,879.9 1,882.4 2.5

Miscellaneous store retailers

839.7 842.3 848.2 851.4 828.6 838.6 842.1 843.2 1.1

Nonstore retailers

506.8 519.9 526.5 529.6 516.5 534.2 536.2 539.0 2.8

Transportation and warehousing

4,810.4 4,868.5 4,883.0 4,847.3 4,857.0 4,890.4 4,883.7 4,895.4 11.7

Air transportation

461.2 471.1 474.3 474.9 457.2 469.7 470.2 470.3 0.1

Rail transportation

244.2 217.4 217.0 216.3 242.9 217.1 215.8 215.5 -0.3

Water transportation

67.0 62.9 65.0 65.2 64.8 62.5 62.8 62.4 -0.4

Truck transportation

1,484.0 1,458.1 1,472.7 1,476.2 1,461.4 1,460.4 1,454.1 1,455.8 1.7

Transit and ground passenger transportation

417.6 494.6 464.2 417.8 478.3 478.1 473.2 477.6 4.4

Pipeline transportation

49.7 48.6 48.2 48.2 49.7 48.6 48.0 47.9 -0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

41.4 31.6 37.0 40.1 32.3 29.4 29.8 30.6 0.8

Support activities for transportation

654.3 648.1 652.8 652.1 652.2 649.4 649.3 650.4 1.1

Couriers and messengers

574.3 588.2 598.4 592.2 602.5 617.5 619.3 621.1 1.8

Warehousing and storage

816.7 847.9 853.4 864.3 815.7 857.7 861.2 863.8 2.6

Utilities

564.1 562.6 567.6 570.9 559.7 562.4 564.9 565.6 0.7

Information

2,767 2,740 2,797 2,798 2,756 2,741 2,783 2,783 0

Publishing industries, except Internet

728.4 721.7 725.9 730.9 725.9 725.9 725.5 727.6 2.1

Motion picture and sound recording industries

408.1 417.6 433.4 431.3 400.4 410.7 422.0 421.6 -0.4

Broadcasting, except Internet

279.1 277.7 277.8 276.3 279.2 278.4 277.2 276.5 -0.7

Telecommunications

808.9 768.2 797.2 797.4 810.2 769.6 798.3 798.0 -0.3

Data processing, hosting and related services

298.1 298.5 300.7 297.7 297.7 297.6 299.7 297.4 -2.3

Other information services

244.6 256.3 262.2 264.2 242.3 258.4 260.6 262.1 1.5

Financial activities

8,210 8,250 8,338 8,377 8,137 8,266 8,281 8,299 18

Finance and insurance

6,072.8 6,123.9 6,163.2 6,182.3 6,048.8 6,138.8 6,145.8 6,155.8 10.0

Monetary authorities - central bank

18.1 17.8 18.0 18.2 17.8 18.0 17.9 18.0 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,583.0 2,592.7 2,608.3 2,614.3 2,570.2 2,597.5 2,598.8 2,601.5 2.7

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,688.2 1,686.3 1,693.7 1,696.6 1,680.1 1,687.4 1,688.0 1,688.1 0.1

Commercial banking

1,276.1 1,267.5 1,270.2 1,273.3 1,271.2 1,268.1 1,267.9 1,268.2 0.3

Nondepository credit intermediation

597.2 601.8 604.7 606.1 593.9 604.7 602.9 604.9 2.0

Activities related to credit intermediation

297.6 304.6 309.9 311.6 296.2 305.4 307.8 308.5 0.7

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

915.2 922.7 928.8 936.6 908.5 926.4 927.4 930.2 2.8

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,556.5 2,590.7 2,608.1 2,613.2 2,552.3 2,596.9 2,601.7 2,606.1 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,136.7 2,126.1 2,175.0 2,194.4 2,087.8 2,126.7 2,135.5 2,142.7 7.2

Real estate

1,545.1 1,551.5 1,577.8 1,590.9 1,518.2 1,553.3 1,557.9 1,561.6 3.7

Rental and leasing services

567.3 551.2 573.5 579.6 545.5 550.0 554.2 557.6 3.4

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.3 23.4 23.7 23.9 24.1 23.4 23.4 23.5 0.1

Professional and business services

19,837 20,138 20,341 20,357 19,707 20,134 20,187 20,257 70

Professional and technical services

8,651.3 8,820.9 8,885.0 8,938.6 8,649.7 8,879.1 8,898.3 8,935.7 37.4

Legal services

1,128.0 1,121.3 1,134.7 1,133.7 1,118.9 1,124.2 1,124.1 1,123.9 -0.2

Accounting and bookkeeping services

919.1 969.1 960.1 965.7 983.3 1,019.5 1,020.5 1,028.6 8.1

Architectural and engineering services

1,437.2 1,434.9 1,455.9 1,467.0 1,416.2 1,435.4 1,439.0 1,445.5 6.5

Specialized design services

135.7 142.1 143.7 143.8 135.1 141.5 142.7 143.3 0.6

Computer systems design and related services

1,935.6 1,987.5 1,992.5 2,011.1 1,921.1 1,988.7 1,990.9 1,999.1 8.2

Management and technical consulting services

1,284.5 1,327.6 1,339.6 1,348.6 1,274.1 1,329.8 1,335.9 1,341.5 5.6

Scientific research and development services

666.1 670.3 679.9 682.6 659.1 668.9 671.5 673.0 1.5

Advertising and related services

488.5 495.7 497.6 501.8 484.7 497.3 496.5 499.9 3.4

Other professional and technical services

656.6 672.4 681.0 684.3 657.2 673.7 677.3 680.7 3.4

Management of companies and enterprises

2,239.7 2,258.3 2,279.2 2,279.8 2,225.7 2,259.9 2,266.7 2,267.4 0.7

Administrative and waste services

8,946.1 9,058.8 9,176.3 9,138.8 8,831.5 8,995.3 9,022.2 9,054.2 32.0

Administrative and support services

8,537.6 8,652.6 8,762.2 8,722.0 8,434.1 8,590.1 8,616.9 8,648.2 31.3

Office administrative services

470.1 488.5 492.9 494.5 468.7 488.3 490.1 492.8 2.7

Facilities support services

142.2 144.0 144.6 144.4 142.5 143.3 144.0 144.8 0.8

Employment services(1)

3,533.5 3,559.8 3,603.7 3,563.6 3,535.7 3,567.6 3,585.2 3,601.2 16.0

Temporary help services

2,863.7 2,883.6 2,923.0 2,888.3 2,875.5 2,891.4 2,913.1 2,930.1 17.0

Business support services

878.5 900.9 904.3 901.9 891.9 910.5 913.2 916.7 3.5

Travel arrangement and reservation services

204.2 205.5 209.2 208.1 202.0 204.0 205.0 204.9 -0.1

Investigation and security services

864.4 893.4 895.5 898.4 869.0 895.8 897.4 901.4 4.0

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,136.1 2,137.9 2,186.2 2,186.8 2,015.6 2,059.4 2,062.5 2,064.5 2.0

Other support services

308.6 322.6 325.8 324.3 308.8 321.0 319.6 321.7 2.1

Waste management and remediation services

408.5 406.2 414.1 416.8 397.4 405.2 405.3 406.0 0.7

Education and health services

21,750 22,696 22,487 22,367 22,075 22,620 22,678 22,714 36

Educational services

3,168.0 3,583.5 3,331.8 3,222.7 3,461.6 3,532.2 3,536.6 3,523.0 -13.6

Health care and social assistance

18,582.1 19,112.3 19,155.4 19,144.0 18,613.7 19,087.6 19,141.7 19,190.5 48.8

Health care(3)

15,125.7 15,480.4 15,548.9 15,589.1 15,100.5 15,495.0 15,534.2 15,577.4 43.2

Ambulatory health care services

6,892.0 7,104.6 7,127.8 7,136.0 6,884.3 7,101.7 7,120.4 7,139.3 18.9

Offices of physicians

2,537.2 2,597.8 2,605.6 2,617.3 2,537.3 2,600.6 2,607.5 2,616.4 8.9

Offices of dentists

910.5 935.9 940.0 938.0 908.1 935.7 935.8 937.5 1.7

Offices of other health practitioners

818.0 857.0 861.9 860.2 814.1 854.1 858.1 861.2 3.1

Outpatient care centers

749.5 774.0 778.1 778.9 748.7 773.0 776.0 778.2 2.2

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

260.2 258.4 257.6 258.5 259.3 258.4 258.3 258.0 -0.3

Home health care services

1,326.8 1,390.5 1,393.2 1,390.0 1,327.8 1,387.9 1,392.0 1,394.7 2.7

Other ambulatory health care services

289.8 291.0 291.4 293.1 289.0 292.0 292.8 293.2 0.4

Hospitals

4,924.3 5,054.5 5,079.6 5,105.7 4,917.5 5,068.0 5,083.8 5,100.9 17.1

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,309.4 3,321.3 3,341.5 3,347.4 3,298.7 3,325.3 3,330.0 3,337.2 7.2

Nursing care facilities

1,656.7 1,654.9 1,667.0 1,670.8 1,652.9 1,658.3 1,661.6 1,664.9 3.3

Residential mental health facilities

610.5 613.4 614.6 614.4 606.3 613.7 612.5 612.3 -0.2

Community care facilities for the elderly

877.8 889.9 893.7 895.5 876.7 889.8 891.4 895.0 3.6

Other residential care facilities

164.4 163.1 166.2 166.7 162.7 163.6 164.4 165.0 0.6

Social assistance

3,456.4 3,631.9 3,606.5 3,554.9 3,513.2 3,592.6 3,607.5 3,613.1 5.6

Individual and family services

2,145.7 2,216.9 2,222.8 2,216.6 2,145.5 2,201.3 2,209.4 2,217.8 8.4

Emergency and other relief services

154.7 156.3 157.1 157.8 154.8 156.3 156.0 156.9 0.9

Vocational rehabilitation services

342.6 335.3 337.4 339.7 333.1 334.9 333.5 332.6 -0.9

Child day care services

813.4 923.4 889.2 840.8 879.8 900.2 908.6 905.7 -2.9

Leisure and hospitality

15,844 15,716 16,176 16,269 15,125 15,449 15,501 15,546 45

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,499.1 2,302.7 2,535.0 2,602.8 2,162.0 2,217.7 2,242.7 2,260.2 17.5

Performing arts and spectator sports

481.7 492.6 510.2 519.8 454.2 469.0 485.1 495.1 10.0

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

168.0 162.9 173.3 175.7 153.5 157.8 159.4 160.7 1.3

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,849.4 1,647.2 1,851.5 1,907.3 1,554.3 1,590.9 1,598.2 1,604.4 6.2

Accommodation and food services

13,344.4 13,412.9 13,641.3 13,665.7 12,963.4 13,231.2 13,258.3 13,285.6 27.3

Accommodation

2,061.7 1,924.1 2,028.6 2,088.2 1,915.2 1,924.6 1,931.5 1,937.6 6.1

Food services and drinking places

11,282.7 11,488.8 11,612.7 11,577.5 11,048.2 11,306.6 11,326.8 11,348.0 21.2

Other services

5,702 5,703 5,760 5,757 5,631 5,676 5,688 5,691 3

Repair and maintenance

1,285.2 1,293.1 1,299.8 1,292.7 1,277.3 1,284.0 1,287.0 1,288.6 1.6

Personal and laundry services

1,416.7 1,441.2 1,449.1 1,445.9 1,405.5 1,428.0 1,433.2 1,435.8 2.6

Membership associations and organizations

3,000.3 2,968.8 3,010.6 3,018.0 2,947.7 2,964.2 2,968.0 2,966.4 -1.6

Government

20,760 22,456 22,038 20,923 22,022 22,105 22,138 22,176 38

Federal

2,771.0 2,781.0 2,805.0 2,804.0 2,751.0 2,783.0 2,789.0 2,792.0 3.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,177.9 2,173.9 2,195.5 2,198.3 2,156.9 2,174.5 2,180.2 2,182.4 2.2

U.S. Postal Service

593.3 607.1 609.0 605.8 594.3 608.0 608.4 609.1 0.7

State government

4,771.0 5,120.0 4,874.0 4,794.0 5,098.0 5,104.0 5,120.0 5,125.0 5.0

State government education

2,079.8 2,444.1 2,179.7 2,103.4 2,421.6 2,435.4 2,447.5 2,452.6 5.1

State government, excluding education

2,691.3 2,675.6 2,694.7 2,691.0 2,676.0 2,669.0 2,672.8 2,672.2 -0.6

Local government

13,218.0 14,555.0 14,359.0 13,325.0 14,173.0 14,218.0 14,229.0 14,259.0 30.0

Local government education

6,661.9 8,165.5 7,767.5 6,674.4 7,850.8 7,825.6 7,829.5 7,851.1 21.6

Local government, excluding education

6,556.5 6,389.7 6,591.6 6,650.2 6,321.9 6,392.4 6,399.6 6,408.3 8.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.6 34.4 34.4 34.5

Goods-producing

40.3 40.3 40.3 40.3

Mining and logging

44.0 43.8 42.7 43.2

Construction

39.0 39.1 39.2 39.2

Manufacturing

40.8 40.8 40.7 40.7

Durable goods

41.1 41.2 41.2 41.3

Nondurable goods

40.2 40.0 39.9 39.8

Private service-providing

33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.6 34.3 34.4 34.4

Wholesale trade

38.9 38.8 38.8 38.9

Retail trade

31.4 31.0 31.1 31.1

Transportation and warehousing

39.0 38.9 38.9 38.9

Utilities

42.6 42.3 42.2 42.4

Information

36.3 36.0 35.9 36.1

Financial activities

37.7 37.4 37.5 37.7

Professional and business services

36.2 36.1 36.1 36.1

Education and health services

32.9 32.8 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

26.3 26.1 26.1 26.1

Other services

31.9 31.9 32.0 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.4 3.2 3.2 3.3

Durable goods

3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3

Nondurable goods

3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

Total private

$25.03 $25.59 $25.61 $25.69 $866.04 $880.30 $880.98 $886.31

Goods-producing

26.20 26.92 26.90 26.94 1,055.86 1,084.88 1,084.07 1,085.68

Mining and logging

31.23 32.11 31.96 31.94 1,374.12 1,406.42 1,364.69 1,379.81

Construction

27.39 28.05 28.11 28.20 1,068.21 1,096.76 1,101.91 1,105.44

Manufacturing

25.24 26.02 25.97 26.00 1,029.79 1,061.62 1,056.98 1,058.20

Durable goods

26.58 27.31 27.27 27.26 1,092.44 1,125.17 1,123.52 1,125.84

Nondurable goods

22.94 23.80 23.73 23.81 922.19 952.00 946.83 947.64

Private service-providing

24.76 25.28 25.32 25.40 826.98 841.82 843.16 845.82

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21.84 22.26 22.35 22.38 755.66 763.52 768.84 769.87

Wholesale trade

28.70 29.47 29.47 29.65 1,116.43 1,143.44 1,143.44 1,153.39

Retail trade

17.50 17.81 17.92 17.87 549.50 552.11 557.31 555.76

Transportation and warehousing

22.89 23.10 23.31 23.33 892.71 898.59 906.76 907.54

Utilities

37.19 38.20 38.42 38.50 1,584.29 1,615.86 1,621.32 1,632.40

Information

34.94 36.52 36.48 36.54 1,268.32 1,314.72 1,309.63 1,319.09

Financial activities

31.51 32.21 32.14 32.47 1,187.93 1,204.65 1,205.25 1,224.12

Professional and business services

30.11 30.74 30.78 30.88 1,089.98 1,109.71 1,111.16 1,114.77

Education and health services

25.29 25.66 25.65 25.70 832.04 841.65 843.89 845.53

Leisure and hospitality

14.34 14.84 14.86 14.92 377.14 387.32 387.85 389.41

Other services

22.45 22.81 22.81 22.88 716.16 727.64 729.92 732.16

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
Percent change from:
June
2016 - July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
Percent change from:
June
2016 - July
2016(p)

Total private

104.2 105.2 105.4 105.9 0.5 124.7 128.6 129.0 130.0 0.8

Goods-producing

89.9 90.1 90.1 90.2 0.1 106.5 109.6 109.5 109.8 0.3

Mining and logging

112.3 95.8 92.4 92.6 0.2 140.8 123.5 118.6 118.7 0.1

Construction

86.5 89.5 89.7 89.9 0.2 103.0 109.1 109.6 110.1 0.5

Manufacturing

90.5 90.1 90.0 90.1 0.1 106.3 109.1 108.7 108.9 0.2

Durable goods

89.8 89.2 89.2 89.5 0.3 106.0 108.1 108.0 108.4 0.4

Nondurable goods

91.8 91.7 91.8 91.5 -0.3 106.8 110.8 110.5 110.6 0.1

Private service-providing

107.9 109.5 109.7 110.0 0.3 129.8 134.5 135.0 135.7 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

101.5 101.8 102.2 102.3 0.1 119.3 122.0 122.9 123.2 0.2

Wholesale trade

99.7 100.2 100.2 100.5 0.3 119.4 123.2 123.3 124.4 0.9

Retail trade

100.0 100.2 100.7 100.8 0.1 115.6 118.0 119.3 119.1 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing

108.4 108.9 108.7 109.0 0.3 125.9 127.6 128.6 129.0 0.3

Utilities

103.2 102.9 103.1 103.8 0.7 126.8 129.9 130.9 132.0 0.8

Information

91.4 90.1 91.2 91.8 0.7 113.7 117.2 118.5 119.4 0.8

Financial activities

100.5 101.2 101.7 102.5 0.8 123.5 127.2 127.5 129.8 1.8

Professional and business services

112.2 114.3 114.6 115.0 0.3 136.9 142.4 142.9 143.9 0.7

Education and health services

118.6 121.1 121.8 122.0 0.2 144.2 149.5 150.3 150.8 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

113.5 115.0 115.4 115.8 0.3 131.3 137.7 138.4 139.4 0.7

Other services

103.6 104.4 104.9 105.0 0.1 127.4 130.5 131.2 131.7 0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

Total nonfarm

70,115 71,330 71,518 71,699 49.4 49.6 49.6 49.6

Total private

57,505 58,662 58,819 58,958 47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Goods-producing

4,299 4,290 4,301 4,301 22.0 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging

113 102 101 100 13.9 14.7 14.7 14.7

Construction

818 829 829 829 12.7 12.5 12.5 12.5

Manufacturing

3,368 3,359 3,371 3,372 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.4

Durable goods

1,806 1,799 1,800 1,801 23.3 23.4 23.4 23.4

Nondurable goods

1,562 1,560 1,571 1,571 34.1 33.9 34.1 34.1

Private service-providing

53,206 54,372 54,518 54,657 53.0 53.2 53.2 53.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,907 11,110 11,130 11,155 40.5 40.7 40.7 40.8

Wholesale trade

1,729.9 1,749.1 1,748.7 1,750.7 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.6

Retail trade

7,898.2 8,043.2 8,059.8 8,073.0 50.4 50.5 50.5 50.6

Transportation and warehousing

1,145.2 1,184.4 1,188.4 1,197.8 23.6 24.2 24.3 24.5

Utilities

134.1 133.0 132.8 133.0 24.0 23.6 23.5 23.5

Information

1,103 1,097 1,107 1,109 40.0 40.0 39.8 39.8

Financial activities

4,641 4,714 4,718 4,722 57.0 57.0 57.0 56.9

Professional and business services

8,769 9,031 9,059 9,093 44.5 44.9 44.9 44.9

Education and health services

17,000 17,436 17,478 17,523 77.0 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

7,851 8,011 8,043 8,073 51.9 51.9 51.9 51.9

Other services

2,935 2,973 2,983 2,982 52.1 52.4 52.4 52.4

Government

12,610 12,668 12,699 12,741 57.3 57.3 57.4 57.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

Total private

98,900 100,295 100,551 100,749

Goods-producing

14,121 14,125 14,125 14,131

Mining and logging

592 491 484 480

Construction

4,843 5,020 5,014 5,019

Manufacturing

8,686 8,614 8,627 8,632

Durable goods

5,347 5,283 5,283 5,287

Nondurable goods

3,339 3,331 3,344 3,345

Private service-providing

84,779 86,170 86,426 86,618

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,673 22,926 22,942 22,958

Wholesale trade

4,715.1 4,737.5 4,738.6 4,741.6

Retail trade

13,312.9 13,513.8 13,523.9 13,526.8

Transportation and warehousing

4,195.3 4,225.1 4,226.8 4,235.2

Utilities

449.3 449.8 453.0 454.4

Information

2,231 2,205 2,241 2,238

Financial activities

6,286 6,404 6,422 6,447

Professional and business services

16,174 16,471 16,517 16,584

Education and health services

19,387 19,841 19,916 19,957

Leisure and hospitality

13,351 13,613 13,671 13,715

Other services

4,677 4,710 4,717 4,719

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.6 33.6 33.7

Goods-producing

41.2 41.2 41.2 41.4

Mining and logging

46.2 45.7 44.4 45.5

Construction

39.4 39.6 39.8 39.8

Manufacturing

41.8 41.9 41.8 42.0

Durable goods

42.1 42.4 42.2 42.6

Nondurable goods

41.3 41.1 41.1 41.2

Private service-providing

32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.6 33.5 33.5 33.5

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.5 38.6 38.7

Retail trade

30.0 29.7 29.8 29.7

Transportation and warehousing

38.7 38.9 38.9 38.9

Utilities

42.3 42.1 42.4 42.7

Information

35.7 35.6 35.6 35.7

Financial activities

37.1 36.9 37.0 37.1

Professional and business services

35.5 35.4 35.4 35.5

Education and health services

32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

25.1 24.9 24.9 24.9

Other services

30.7 30.8 30.9 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3

Durable goods

4.3 4.4 4.4 4.5

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.0 4.1 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)

Total private

$21.05 $21.48 $21.52 $21.59 $709.39 $721.73 $723.07 $727.58

Goods-producing

21.98 22.53 22.59 22.63 905.58 928.24 930.71 936.88

Mining and logging

26.37 27.07 27.17 27.02 1,218.29 1,237.10 1,206.35 1,229.41

Construction

25.20 25.86 26.01 26.09 992.88 1,024.06 1,035.20 1,038.38

Manufacturing

19.96 20.41 20.42 20.47 834.33 855.18 853.56 859.74

Durable goods

21.00 21.44 21.44 21.47 884.10 909.06 904.77 914.62

Nondurable goods

18.26 18.72 18.77 18.82 754.14 769.39 771.45 775.38

Private service-providing

20.85 21.27 21.30 21.37 675.54 689.15 690.12 692.39

Trade, transportation, and utilities

18.68 18.96 18.99 19.05 627.65 635.16 636.17 638.18

Wholesale trade

23.62 24.19 24.18 24.29 911.73 931.32 933.35 940.02

Retail trade

14.84 15.04 15.00 15.07 445.20 446.69 447.00 447.58

Transportation and warehousing

20.79 20.90 21.04 21.00 804.57 813.01 818.46 816.90

Utilities

34.08 35.02 35.65 35.43 1,441.58 1,474.34 1,511.56 1,512.86

Information

29.03 29.87 29.97 30.10 1,036.37 1,063.37 1,066.93 1,074.57

Financial activities

25.36 26.06 26.11 26.15 940.86 961.61 966.07 970.17

Professional and business services

24.79 25.35 25.43 25.51 880.05 897.39 900.22 905.61

Education and health services

22.12 22.42 22.40 22.48 710.05 721.92 721.28 723.86

Leisure and hospitality

12.40 12.82 12.84 12.91 311.24 319.22 319.72 321.46

Other services

19.01 19.19 19.18 19.22 583.61 591.05 592.66 593.90

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
Percent change from:
June
2016 - July
2016(p)
July
2015
May
2016
June
2016(p)
July
2016(p)
Percent change from:
June
2016 - July
2016(p)

Total private

111.0 112.3 112.6 113.1 0.4 156.2 161.2 161.9 163.2 0.8

Goods-producing

88.9 88.9 88.9 89.4 0.6 119.7 122.7 123.0 123.9 0.7

Mining and logging

145.3 119.2 114.2 116.1 1.7 222.9 187.7 180.5 182.4 1.1

Construction

95.5 99.5 99.9 100.0 0.1 130.0 139.0 140.3 140.9 0.4

Manufacturing

83.3 82.9 82.8 83.2 0.5 108.8 110.6 110.5 111.4 0.8

Durable goods

84.6 84.2 83.8 84.6 1.0 110.9 112.7 112.1 113.4 1.2

Nondurable goods

81.2 80.7 81.0 81.2 0.2 104.8 106.7 107.4 108.0 0.6

Private service-providing

117.0 118.9 119.3 119.5 0.2 167.3 173.4 174.2 175.1 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

106.2 107.1 107.1 107.2 0.1 141.5 144.8 145.1 145.7 0.4

Wholesale trade

107.2 107.4 107.7 108.1 0.4 149.1 153.1 153.4 154.6 0.8

Retail trade

101.1 101.6 102.0 101.7 -0.3 128.6 131.0 131.1 131.3 0.2

Transportation and warehousing

122.2 123.7 123.8 124.0 0.2 161.2 164.0 165.2 165.2 0.0

Utilities

97.2 96.8 98.2 99.2 1.0 138.3 141.6 146.2 146.7 0.3

Information

90.9 89.6 91.1 91.2 0.1 130.6 132.5 135.1 135.9 0.6

Financial activities

109.8 111.2 111.9 112.6 0.6 171.3 178.4 179.7 181.2 0.8

Professional and business services

128.7 130.7 131.0 131.9 0.7 189.8 197.1 198.3 200.3 1.0

Education and health services

132.7 136.2 136.7 137.0 0.2 193.7 201.5 202.1 203.3 0.6

Leisure and hospitality

122.7 124.2 124.7 125.1 0.3 172.9 180.8 181.8 183.4 0.9

Other services

100.7 101.7 102.2 102.3 0.1 139.5 142.3 142.9 143.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: August 05, 2016