Technical information: (202) 691-6567 USDL 02-540 http://www.bls.gov/cew/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 691-5902 Tuesday, September 24, 2002 AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY BY STATE AND INDUSTRY, 2001 The average annual pay of all workers covered by state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) programs rose by 2.5 percent to $36,214 in 2001, according to preliminary data released today by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor. This compares with a 5.9 percent rise in 2000. The annual pay of private industry workers, comprising 84.3 percent of the nation's employment, grew by 2.3 percent in 2001, while pay for government workers rose by 3.6 percent. In 2000, the increase in pay for private sector workers was 6.3 percent and for government workers, 4.1 percent. This release provides the first annual data that use the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry. The NAICS structure is significantly different than that of the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), system which had been used for industry classification purposes until this year. This difference results in NAICS- based data that are not comparable with historical SIC-based data. For more information, see the Industry and the Change in Industry Classification Systems sections of this release. Pay growth for U.S. workers in 2001, at 2.5 percent, was the third lowest in the 1991-2001 period. As the economy slowed in 2001, pay growth dropped below 3 percent for the first time since 1994. Average annual pay for workers grew by 47.3 percent from 1991 to 2001, a gain of $11,636. The attached tables contain pay data for the nation, each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. (Data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands are not included in the national averages.) Annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers subject to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws, covering 129.7 million full- and part-time workers. Average annual pay is computed by dividing total annual payrolls of employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these employees. (See Technical Note.) Pay differences among states reflect the varying composition of employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as well as other factors. Pay differences among industries are similarly affected. For example, average annual pay levels in retail trade industries are reduced by the relatively large share of part-time workers. Correspondingly, pay levels in construc- tion industries reflect the prevalence of part-year employment due to weather and seasonal factors. Over-the-year pay changes may reflect shifts in the composition of employment, as well as changes in the level of average pay. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | Quarterly Release of Covered Employment and Wages Data | | | | BLS will begin the quarterly release of employment and wages data | | at the state total level and at the national industry subsector level,| | beginning with the release of data for the first quarter of 2002 in | | October 2002. | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- - 2 - States Among the states, Connecticut had the highest average pay level ($46,963) in 2001, followed by New York ($46,664), Massachusetts ($44,976), New Jersey ($44,285), and California ($41,358). (See table 2.) The 2001 pay levels of these five highest-ranking states, accounting for 25 percent of the nation's employment, ranged from 14 to 30 percent higher than the U.S. average. Occupying the remaining top 10 pay positions for states were, in order of 2001 pay levels, Illinois, Delaware, Maryland, Colorado, and Washington. Michigan, Virginia, and Minnesota also had pay levels above the U.S. average. Among the jurisdictions covered in this release, the District of Columbia had the highest annual average pay level ($56,024). Among the states with annual pay below the U.S. average, Montana posted the lowest average pay ($25,194) in 2001. The next lowest pay levels were in South Dakota ($25,600), North Dakota ($25,707), Mississippi ($25,919), and Arkansas ($27,258). These five states continued to have the lowest average wages in the nation, as they have since 1988. The 2001 average annual pay figures for these states, which account for only 3 percent of the nation's workers, were 25 to 30 percent below the national average. Average annual pay levels for 37 states were below the U.S. average in 2001; combined, workers in these states accounted for 56 percent of the nation's covered employment. Overall, pay gains declined sharply in 2001 compared with the previous year. Annual pay grew by at least 4 percent in 30 states and the District of Columbia in 2000, whereas only 11 states and the District of Columbia reached this growth rate in 2001. While 12 states posted pay increases of 6 percent or higher in 2000, no states attained this level of growth in 2001. Only seven states and the District of Columbia experienced higher annual pay growth in 2001 than was experienced in 2000. The seven states were Alabama, Delaware, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, North Dakota, and West Virginia. In contrast, 41 states experienced higher annual pay growth rates in 2000 compared with 1999 growth rates. On the high end of the growth scale in 2001, the District of Columbia and Delaware experienced the largest percentage increases in pay from 2000 to 2001 (5.8 and 5.2 percent, respectively). (See table 3.) The next highest pay increase was registered in Maryland (5.1 percent), followed by Vermont (4.6 percent) and Louisiana (4.5 percent). No state reported a decline in average annual pay in 2001. Idaho registered the smallest increase in pay (0.2 percent). Following Idaho were California (0.4 percent), Washington and Michigan (1.0 percent each), and Oregon (1.3 percent). The 2001 growth rates for all of these states were lower than their pay growth in 2000. California experienced the largest slowdown in pay growth among all the states, moving from a 9.6 percent increase in 2000 to a 0.4 percent increase in 2001. Industry Industrial classification has changed significantly with the introduction of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). While there were 9 major industry divisions in the private sector under the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, there are 19 industrial sectors under NAICS. The NAICS-based industry data for 2001 are not comparable to the SIC-based data for earlier years. For example, retail trade accounted for 21.2 percent of private sector employment under the SIC in 2000, whereas retail trade under NAICS accounts for only 13.9 percent of 2001 private - 3 - sector employment. This large shift is not economic in nature, but is caused by the substantially different industrial classification principles found in the NAICS system. (See the following section on the change in industry classification systems.) Another example can be drawn from the services industry. Under the SIC system, the services division accounted for over 34 percent of private sector employment. This group no longer exists under NAICS. Establishments formerly assigned to the SIC services division have been distributed across most of the sectors in the service- providing domain. For more information, see "Implementing the North American Industry Classification System at BLS" (http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2001/12/ art2full.pdf) and "A first look at employment and wages using NAICS" (http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2001/12/art3full.pdf) in the December 2001 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Average annual pay levels for the nation varied widely by industry. (See table 4.) The highest average annual pay for 2001 was in the management of companies and enterprises industry--$69,069. Workers within management of companies and enterprises received pay that was 91 percent greater than the national average for all private sector workers in 2001. The next highest pay level was in utilities ($65,582), which was 81 percent higher than the average pay for all private industry workers. The lowest pay level in 2001 occurred in accommodation and food services ($13,669). The pay level of workers in this industry was 62 percent below the national average for all private industry workers. The largest over-the-year percentage pay increase in the private sector was registered in the administrative and waste services industry (5.9 percent). The next largest increase was in finance and insurance (4.9 pecent), followed by health care and social assistance (4.6 percent) and educational services and construction (4.1 percent each). Combined, these five sectors account for 32 percent of private industry employment. The smallest pay gain among the 19 major private industry sectors occurred in professional and technical services (1.2 percent). Two industries that experienced negative pay growth were information (-1.7 percent) and management of companies and enterprises (-0.6 percent). The information industry is dominated by the telecommunica- tions and information services groups. The average annual pay level for the public sector, which includes federal, state, and local government establishments, was $36,510 in 2001, 1.0 percent higher than the $36,159 average pay level for the private sector. With the exception of the year 2000, private pay has been below government pay since BLS first published these figures in 1982. Public sector pay was 0.2 percent lower than private sector pay in 2000, 2 percent higher in 1999, 4 percent higher in 1998, and 10 percent higher in 1994. Pay differentials between the public and private sectors reflect many variables, including work activity and occupational structure. This is the first year since 1994 that average annual pay gains in the government sector have outpaced those in the private sector. In 2001, average annual pay in the public sector grew 3.6 percent compared with 2.3 percent pay growth in the private sector. Since 1996, pay has grown by 18 percent in the public sector, 9 percentage points below the 27 percent growth rate in the private sector. Over the past 10 years, average annual pay for government employees rose by 37 percent, while pay for private industry workers increased by 50 percent. - 4 - Change in Industry Classification Systems Beginning with the release of data for 2001, publications presenting data from the Covered Employment and Wages program use the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry. NAICS is the product of a cooperative effort on the part of the statistical agencies of the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Due to differences in NAICS and SIC structures, industry data for 2001 are not comparable to the SIC-based data for earlier years. NAICS uses a production-oriented approach to categorize economic units. Units with similar production processes are classified in the same industry. NAICS focuses on how products and services are created, as opposed to the SIC focus on what is produced. This approach yields significantly different industry groupings than those produced by the SIC approach. Data users will be able to work with new NAICS industrial groupings that better reflect the workings of the U.S. economy. For example, a new industry sector called Information brings together units which turn information into a commodity with units which distribute that commodity. Information's major components are publishing, broadcasting, telecommunications, information services, and data processing. Under the SIC system, these units were spread across the manufacturing, communications, business services, and amusement services groups. Another new sector of interest is Professional and technical services. This sector is comprised of establishments engaged in activities where human capital is the major input. Users interested in more information about NAICS can access the Bureau of Labor Statistics Web page at http://www.bls.gov/bls/NAICS.htm and the Bureau of the Census Web page at http://www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html. The NAICS 2002 manual is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Web page at http://www.ntis.gov/. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | Average annual pay for 2001 and other data from the Covered | | Employment and Wages (CEW) program will be available on the BLS Web | | site at http://www.bls.gov/cew/ in mid-October. | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Technical Note These data are the product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Covered Employment and Wages (CEW), or the ES-202 program. The data are derived from summaries of employment and total pay of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) legislation and provided by State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs). The summaries are a byproduct of the adminis- tration of state unemployment insurance programs that require most employers to pay quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI. Data for 2001 are preliminary and subject to revision. Effective January 2001, the CEW program began assigning Indian Tribal Councils and related establishments to local government ownership. This action by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was in response to a change in federal law dealing with the way Indian Tribes are treated under the Federal Unemployment Tax Act (FUTA). This law requires federally recognized Indian Tribes to be treated similarly to state and local governments. In the past, the CEW program coded Indian Tribal Councils and related establishments in the private sector. As a result of the new law, CEW data will reflect significant shifts in employment and wages between the private sector and local government from 2000 to 2001. BLS incorporated this change in first quarter 2001 data because of the immediate effectiveness of the law, signed December 21, 2000. Data will also reflect industry changes. In addition to the change to local government, the industry codes of federally recognized Indian Tribal Councils were changed. Those accounts previously assigned to civic and social organizations were assigned to tribal governments. There were no required industry changes for related establishments owned by these Tribal Councils. These tribal business establishments continued to be coded according to the economic activity of that entity. Coverage Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution reports submitted to the SESAs by employers. In addition to the quarterly contribution reports, employers who operate multiple establishments within a state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report," which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of their establishments. Average annual employment and pay data included in this release are derived from microdata summaries of 8.0 million employer reports of employment and wages submitted by states to BLS. These reports are based on place of employment rather than place of residence. UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to state. In 2001, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 129.7 million jobs. The estimated 124.8 million workers in these jobs (after adjustment for multiple jobholders) represented 99.7 percent of wage and salary civilian employment. Multiple jobholder estimates are produced by the Current Population Survey. Covered workers received $4.695 trillion in pay, representing 94.8 percent of the wage and salary component of personal income and 46.6 percent of the gross domestic product. Major exclusions from UI coverage during 2001 are self-employed workers, most agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces, elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, some domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of certain small nonprofit organizations. - 2 - Concepts and methodology Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of employees covered by UI programs by the average monthly number of these employees. In addition to salaries, average annual pay data include bonuses, the cash value of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other gratuities, and, in some states, employer contributions to certain deferred compensation plans such as 401(k) plans, and stock options. Monthly employment is based on the number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period including the 12th of the month. With few exceptions, all employees of covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers, corpora- tion officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical workers. Workers on paid vacations and part-time workers also are included. Percent changes in average annual pay were computed using preliminary North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)-based 2000 data as the base. These preliminary NAICS-based 2000 data will differ from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)-based 2000 data previously published. Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying occupations. When comparing average annual pay levels between industries and/or states, these factors should be taken into consideration. Annual pay data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one employer. Also, year-to-year changes in average annual pay can result from a change in the proportion of employment in high- and low-wage jobs, as well as from changes in the level of average annual pay. In order to insure the highest possible quality of data, SESAs verify with employers and update, if necessary, the industry, location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment classification codes resulting from the verification process are introduced with the data reported for the first quarter of the year. Changes resulting from improved employer reporting also are introduced in the first quarter. For these reasons, some data, especially at more detailed industry levels, may not be strictly comparable with earlier years. Data in table 4 are presented separately for the private sector and for government. Government data include federal, state, and local establishments. A few covered employers provided insufficient information on the nature of their businesses to enable the SESA to assign a specific NAICS code. The establishments of these employers therefore could not be classified by industry sector. The wages for these nonclassifiable establishments, along with data for the agricultural division, are not shown separately, but are included in the averages for state and national totals. Additional statistics and other information An annual bulletin, Employment and Wages, features comprehensive information by detailed industry on establishments, employment, and wages for the nation and all states. Employment and Wages Annual Averages, 2001 will be available for sale in late 2002 from the BLS Publications Sales Center, P.O. Box 2145, Chicago, Illinois 60690. News releases on 2001 average annual pay for the nation's metropolitan areas and for 2001 employ- ment and average annual pay for large counties are scheduled to be released soon. Average annual employment and pay data by state and industry are available upon request from the Division of Administrative Statistics and Labor Turnover, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC 20212, telephone 202-691-6567 (e-mail: CEWInfo@bls.gov). Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Table 1. State(1) average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 and percent change in pay for all covered workers(2) Average annual pay(3) Percent State change, 2000-01 2000 2001 UNITED STATES(4)................ $35,320 $36,214 2.5 Alabama......................... 29,041 30,090 3.6 Alaska.......................... 35,144 36,140 2.8 Arizona......................... 32,610 33,408 2.4 Arkansas........................ 26,317 27,258 3.6 California...................... 41,207 41,358 0.4 Colorado........................ 37,168 37,950 2.1 Connecticut..................... 45,486 46,963 3.2 Delaware........................ 36,535 38,434 5.2 District of Columbia............ 52,965 56,024 5.8 Florida......................... 30,560 31,551 3.2 Georgia......................... 34,214 35,114 2.6 Hawaii.......................... 30,628 31,250 2.0 Idaho........................... 27,701 27,765 0.2 Illinois........................ 38,045 39,058 2.7 Indiana......................... 31,030 31,778 2.4 Iowa............................ 27,931 28,840 3.3 Kansas.......................... 29,361 30,153 2.7 Kentucky........................ 28,800 30,017 4.2 Louisiana....................... 27,888 29,134 4.5 Maine........................... 27,664 28,815 4.2 Maryland........................ 36,395 38,237 5.1 Massachusetts................... 44,168 44,976 1.8 Michigan........................ 37,011 37,387 1.0 Minnesota....................... 35,414 36,585 3.3 Mississippi..................... 25,208 25,919 2.8 Missouri........................ 31,384 32,422 3.3 Montana......................... 24,272 25,194 3.8 Nebraska........................ 27,693 28,375 2.5 Nevada.......................... 32,277 33,122 2.6 New Hampshire................... 34,736 35,479 2.1 New Jersey...................... 43,676 44,285 1.4 New Mexico...................... 27,498 28,698 4.4 New York........................ 45,358 46,664 2.9 North Carolina.................. 31,068 32,026 3.1 North Dakota.................... 24,683 25,707 4.1 Ohio............................ 32,508 33,280 2.4 Oklahoma........................ 26,988 28,020 3.8 Oregon.......................... 32,776 33,203 1.3 Pennsylvania.................... 34,015 34,976 2.8 Rhode Island.................... 32,615 33,592 3.0 South Carolina.................. 28,179 29,253 3.8 South Dakota.................... 24,802 25,600 3.2 Tennessee....................... 30,557 31,491 3.1 Texas........................... 34,943 36,039 3.1 Utah............................ 29,229 30,074 2.9 Vermont......................... 28,914 30,240 4.6 Virginia........................ 35,172 36,716 4.4 Washington...................... 37,099 37,475 1.0 West Virginia................... 26,888 27,982 4.1 Wisconsin....................... 30,694 31,556 2.8 Wyoming......................... 26,836 28,025 4.4 Puerto Rico..................... 18,814 19,725 4.8 Virgin Islands.................. 27,721 29,195 5.3 1 Includes the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. 2 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 3 Data are preliminary. 4 Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Table 2. State(1) average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 and percent change in pay for all covered workers(2) (ranked by average annual pay for 2001) Average annual pay(3) Percent State change, 2000-01 2000 2001 District of Columbia............ $52,965 $56,024 5.8 Connecticut..................... 45,486 46,963 3.2 New York........................ 45,358 46,664 2.9 Massachusetts................... 44,168 44,976 1.8 New Jersey...................... 43,676 44,285 1.4 California...................... 41,207 41,358 0.4 Illinois........................ 38,045 39,058 2.7 Delaware........................ 36,535 38,434 5.2 Maryland........................ 36,395 38,237 5.1 Colorado........................ 37,168 37,950 2.1 Washington...................... 37,099 37,475 1.0 Michigan........................ 37,011 37,387 1.0 Virginia........................ 35,172 36,716 4.4 Minnesota....................... 35,414 36,585 3.3 UNITED STATES(4)................ 35,320 36,214 2.5 Alaska.......................... 35,144 36,140 2.8 Texas........................... 34,943 36,039 3.1 New Hampshire................... 34,736 35,479 2.1 Georgia......................... 34,214 35,114 2.6 Pennsylvania.................... 34,015 34,976 2.8 Rhode Island.................... 32,615 33,592 3.0 Arizona......................... 32,610 33,408 2.4 Ohio............................ 32,508 33,280 2.4 Oregon.......................... 32,776 33,203 1.3 Nevada.......................... 32,277 33,122 2.6 Missouri........................ 31,384 32,422 3.3 North Carolina.................. 31,068 32,026 3.1 Indiana......................... 31,030 31,778 2.4 Wisconsin....................... 30,694 31,556 2.8 Florida......................... 30,560 31,551 3.2 Tennessee....................... 30,557 31,491 3.1 Hawaii.......................... 30,628 31,250 2.0 Vermont......................... 28,914 30,240 4.6 Kansas.......................... 29,361 30,153 2.7 Alabama......................... 29,041 30,090 3.6 Utah............................ 29,229 30,074 2.9 Kentucky........................ 28,800 30,017 4.2 South Carolina.................. 28,179 29,253 3.8 Virgin Islands.................. 27,721 29,195 5.3 Louisiana....................... 27,888 29,134 4.5 Iowa............................ 27,931 28,840 3.3 Maine........................... 27,664 28,815 4.2 New Mexico...................... 27,498 28,698 4.4 Nebraska........................ 27,693 28,375 2.5 Wyoming......................... 26,836 28,025 4.4 Oklahoma........................ 26,988 28,020 3.8 West Virginia................... 26,888 27,982 4.1 Idaho........................... 27,701 27,765 0.2 Arkansas........................ 26,317 27,258 3.6 Mississippi..................... 25,208 25,919 2.8 North Dakota.................... 24,683 25,707 4.1 South Dakota.................... 24,802 25,600 3.2 Montana......................... 24,272 25,194 3.8 Puerto Rico..................... 18,814 19,725 4.8 1 Includes the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. 2 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 3 Data are preliminary. 4 Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Table 3. State(1) average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 and percent change in pay for all covered workers(2) (ranked by 2000-01 percent change in average annual pay) Average annual pay(3) Percent State change, 2000-01 2000 2001 District of Columbia............ $52,965 $56,024 5.8 Virgin Islands.................. 27,721 29,195 5.3 Delaware........................ 36,535 38,434 5.2 Maryland........................ 36,395 38,237 5.1 Puerto Rico..................... 18,814 19,725 4.8 Vermont......................... 28,914 30,240 4.6 Louisiana....................... 27,888 29,134 4.5 New Mexico...................... 27,498 28,698 4.4 Virginia........................ 35,172 36,716 4.4 Wyoming......................... 26,836 28,025 4.4 Kentucky........................ 28,800 30,017 4.2 Maine........................... 27,664 28,815 4.2 North Dakota.................... 24,683 25,707 4.1 West Virginia................... 26,888 27,982 4.1 Montana......................... 24,272 25,194 3.8 Oklahoma........................ 26,988 28,020 3.8 South Carolina.................. 28,179 29,253 3.8 Alabama......................... 29,041 30,090 3.6 Arkansas........................ 26,317 27,258 3.6 Iowa............................ 27,931 28,840 3.3 Minnesota....................... 35,414 36,585 3.3 Missouri........................ 31,384 32,422 3.3 Connecticut..................... 45,486 46,963 3.2 Florida......................... 30,560 31,551 3.2 South Dakota.................... 24,802 25,600 3.2 North Carolina.................. 31,068 32,026 3.1 Tennessee....................... 30,557 31,491 3.1 Texas........................... 34,943 36,039 3.1 Rhode Island.................... 32,615 33,592 3.0 New York........................ 45,358 46,664 2.9 Utah............................ 29,229 30,074 2.9 Alaska.......................... 35,144 36,140 2.8 Mississippi..................... 25,208 25,919 2.8 Pennsylvania.................... 34,015 34,976 2.8 Wisconsin....................... 30,694 31,556 2.8 Illinois........................ 38,045 39,058 2.7 Kansas.......................... 29,361 30,153 2.7 Georgia......................... 34,214 35,114 2.6 Nevada.......................... 32,277 33,122 2.6 UNITED STATES(4)................ 35,320 36,214 2.5 Nebraska........................ 27,693 28,375 2.5 Arizona......................... 32,610 33,408 2.4 Indiana......................... 31,030 31,778 2.4 Ohio............................ 32,508 33,280 2.4 Colorado........................ 37,168 37,950 2.1 New Hampshire................... 34,736 35,479 2.1 Hawaii.......................... 30,628 31,250 2.0 Massachusetts................... 44,168 44,976 1.8 New Jersey...................... 43,676 44,285 1.4 Oregon.......................... 32,776 33,203 1.3 Michigan........................ 37,011 37,387 1.0 Washington...................... 37,099 37,475 1.0 California...................... 41,207 41,358 0.4 Idaho........................... 27,701 27,765 0.2 1 Includes the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. 2 Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE) programs. 3 Data are preliminary. 4 Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Table 4. State(1) and NAICS industry average annual pay for 2000 and 2001 and percent change in pay for all covered workers(2) Average annual pay(3) Percent State change, 2000-01 2000 2001(4) United States(5) Private Total(6)................................................ $35,333 $36,159 2.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 19,435 20,195 3.9 Mining.................................................. 57,963 59,724 3.0 Construction............................................ 36,899 38,415 4.1 Manufacturing........................................... 42,989 42,975 0.0 Wholesale trade......................................... 48,043 48,789 1.6 Retail trade............................................ 21,915 22,670 3.4 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 35,106 36,187 3.1 Utilities............................................... 63,034 65,582 4.0 Information............................................. 58,180 57,171 -1.7 Finance and insurance................................... 60,714 63,707 4.9 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 31,704 32,870 3.7 Professional and technical services..................... 58,043 58,758 1.2 Management of companies and enterprises................. 69,520 69,069 -0.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 23,066 24,435 5.9 Educational services.................................... 30,794 32,062 4.1 Health care and social assistance....................... 31,376 32,811 4.6 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 24,432 25,328 3.7 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,350 13,669 2.4 Other services, except public administration............ 22,328 23,222 4.0 Government................................................ 35,248 36,510 3.6 Alabama Private Total(6)................................................ 28,491 29,520 3.6 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 24,111 24,525 1.7 Mining.................................................. 51,283 51,304 0.0 Construction............................................ 29,467 30,843 4.7 Manufacturing........................................... 33,474 34,609 3.4 Wholesale trade......................................... 38,986 39,970 2.5 Retail trade............................................ 19,001 19,889 4.7 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 29,932 30,218 1.0 Utilities............................................... 62,197 67,142 8.0 Information............................................. 41,098 42,058 2.3 Finance and insurance................................... 38,748 40,890 5.5 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 23,501 24,399 3.8 Professional and technical services..................... 46,218 48,325 4.6 Management of companies and enterprises................. 48,477 51,168 5.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 17,394 18,061 3.8 Educational services.................................... 22,212 23,278 4.8 Health care and social assistance....................... 31,110 32,111 3.2 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 13,845 14,483 4.6 Accommodation and food services......................... 10,557 10,766 2.0 Other services, except public administration............ 20,387 21,248 4.2 Government................................................ 31,559 32,671 3.5 Alaska Private Total(6)................................................ 33,503 34,991 4.4 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 43,937 (7) (7) Mining.................................................. 87,539 (7) (7) Construction............................................ 47,163 49,108 4.1 Manufacturing........................................... 30,237 30,187 -0.2 Wholesale trade......................................... 38,159 39,667 4.0 Retail trade............................................ 23,112 23,689 2.5 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 41,134 42,539 3.4 Utilities............................................... 58,155 56,222 -3.3 Information............................................. 43,820 43,508 -0.7 Finance and insurance................................... 39,440 40,776 3.4 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 25,269 26,213 3.7 Professional and technical services..................... 42,591 44,869 5.3 Management of companies and enterprises................. 43,439 45,330 4.4 Administrative and waste services....................... 25,961 27,214 4.8 Educational services.................................... 24,298 25,352 4.3 Health care and social assistance....................... 31,642 33,011 4.3 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 13,330 13,579 1.9 Accommodation and food services......................... 15,520 15,730 1.4 Other services, except public administration............ 23,384 (7) (7) Government................................................ 40,077 39,416 -1.6 Arizona Private Total(6)................................................ $32,432 $33,162 2.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 15,893 16,762 5.5 Mining.................................................. 46,736 47,487 1.6 Construction............................................ 32,883 34,012 3.4 Manufacturing........................................... 47,888 48,021 0.3 Wholesale trade......................................... 47,183 48,718 3.3 Retail trade............................................ 23,650 24,398 3.2 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 34,481 35,535 3.1 Utilities............................................... 60,503 64,567 6.7 Information............................................. 46,428 43,423 -6.5 Finance and insurance................................... 42,975 46,322 7.8 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 29,574 30,746 4.0 Professional and technical services..................... 55,202 49,289 -10.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 49,613 53,185 7.2 Administrative and waste services....................... 22,343 23,456 5.0 Educational services.................................... 28,180 29,342 4.1 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,662 34,573 5.9 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 26,441 28,602 8.2 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,326 13,539 1.6 Other services, except public administration............ 22,290 23,440 5.2 Government................................................ 33,679 34,728 3.1 Arkansas Private Total(6)................................................ 26,032 26,933 3.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 22,244 23,407 5.2 Mining.................................................. 35,750 38,065 6.5 Construction............................................ 27,956 29,002 3.7 Manufacturing........................................... 29,048 29,869 2.8 Wholesale trade......................................... 35,710 37,291 4.4 Retail trade............................................ 17,173 17,670 2.9 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 30,453 31,376 3.0 Utilities............................................... 52,017 53,152 2.2 Information............................................. 34,375 35,089 2.1 Finance and insurance................................... 35,600 37,077 4.1 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 21,460 21,680 1.0 Professional and technical services..................... 38,873 40,057 3.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. 57,649 58,871 2.1 Administrative and waste services....................... 15,747 16,391 4.1 Educational services.................................... 20,523 21,477 4.6 Health care and social assistance....................... 27,361 28,645 4.7 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 12,971 13,122 1.2 Accommodation and food services......................... 9,687 9,919 2.4 Other services, except public administration............ 19,454 20,373 4.7 Government................................................ 27,836 28,949 4.0 California Private Total(6)................................................ 41,199 40,973 -0.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 17,629 18,709 6.1 Mining.................................................. 64,668 70,657 9.3 Construction............................................ 40,702 41,937 3.0 Manufacturing........................................... 56,569 51,298 -9.3 Wholesale trade......................................... 49,191 50,274 2.2 Retail trade............................................ 27,005 27,644 2.4 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 36,359 37,507 3.2 Utilities............................................... 66,824 69,065 3.4 Information............................................. 74,773 71,348 -4.6 Finance and insurance................................... 67,421 72,554 7.6 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 35,937 36,955 2.8 Professional and technical services..................... 69,709 67,695 -2.9 Management of companies and enterprises................. 68,116 66,562 -2.3 Administrative and waste services....................... 25,026 27,000 7.9 Educational services.................................... 30,164 31,378 4.0 Health care and social assistance....................... 34,374 36,266 5.5 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 35,462 36,991 4.3 Accommodation and food services......................... 14,428 14,923 3.4 Other services, except public administration............ 21,520 22,380 4.0 Government................................................ 41,249 43,469 5.4 Colorado Private Total(6)................................................ $37,553 $38,210 1.7 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 21,562 22,346 3.6 Mining.................................................. 63,545 75,260 18.4 Construction............................................ 37,228 38,920 4.5 Manufacturing........................................... 46,982 47,544 1.2 Wholesale trade......................................... 52,756 52,464 -0.6 Retail trade............................................ 22,976 23,846 3.8 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 35,615 37,564 5.5 Utilities............................................... 56,863 65,194 14.7 Information............................................. 71,712 65,765 -8.3 Finance and insurance................................... 53,192 55,653 4.6 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 31,839 33,424 5.0 Professional and technical services..................... 61,005 61,425 0.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 86,312 76,806 -11.0 Administrative and waste services....................... 25,111 26,616 6.0 Educational services.................................... 28,597 29,531 3.3 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,248 34,035 5.5 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 25,606 27,237 6.4 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,289 13,737 3.4 Other services, except public administration............ 24,439 25,576 4.7 Government................................................ 34,911 36,464 4.4 Connecticut Private Total(6)................................................ 46,068 47,732 3.6 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 24,011 23,917 -0.4 Mining.................................................. 50,632 51,131 1.0 Construction............................................ 45,999 48,113 4.6 Manufacturing........................................... 54,490 55,706 2.2 Wholesale trade......................................... 63,145 65,640 4.0 Retail trade............................................ 28,056 27,043 -3.6 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 33,497 34,824 4.0 Utilities............................................... 75,485 78,095 3.5 Information............................................. 57,818 57,692 -0.2 Finance and insurance................................... 90,557 98,243 8.5 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 41,083 42,252 2.8 Professional and technical services..................... 70,524 72,739 3.1 Management of companies and enterprises................. 112,213 104,891 -6.5 Administrative and waste services....................... 26,801 28,660 6.9 Educational services.................................... 38,183 40,344 5.7 Health care and social assistance....................... 34,928 36,593 4.8 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 25,157 24,554 -2.4 Accommodation and food services......................... 14,922 15,518 4.0 Other services, except public administration............ 24,681 25,763 4.4 Government................................................ 41,521 42,290 1.9 Delaware Private Total(6)................................................ 36,610 38,688 5.7 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 23,739 (7) (7) Mining.................................................. (7) (7) (7) Construction............................................ 36,121 37,468 3.7 Manufacturing........................................... 43,488 43,691 0.5 Wholesale trade......................................... 48,955 52,330 6.9 Retail trade............................................ 20,769 21,689 4.4 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 31,382 32,172 2.5 Utilities............................................... 71,308 77,858 9.2 Information............................................. 49,431 50,110 1.4 Finance and insurance................................... (7) 52,007 (7) Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 29,898 32,799 9.7 Professional and technical services..................... 62,146 67,153 8.1 Management of companies and enterprises................. 74,795 80,327 7.4 Administrative and waste services....................... 20,885 21,123 1.1 Educational services.................................... 27,163 29,198 7.5 Health care and social assistance....................... 34,670 36,426 5.1 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 19,138 20,339 6.3 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,605 13,955 2.6 Other services, except public administration............ 22,166 23,216 4.7 Government................................................ 36,040 36,750 2.0 District of Columbia Private Total(6)................................................ $49,828 $53,038 6.4 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 85,569 (7) (7) Mining.................................................. 215,944 (7) (7) Construction............................................ 40,672 43,526 7.0 Manufacturing........................................... 72,535 63,872 -11.9 Wholesale trade......................................... 64,635 63,418 -1.9 Retail trade............................................ 25,021 25,743 2.9 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 40,347 (7) (7) Utilities............................................... 58,671 (7) (7) Information............................................. 70,506 (7) (7) Finance and insurance................................... 94,611 97,738 3.3 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 42,388 46,821 10.5 Professional and technical services..................... 75,203 81,909 8.9 Management of companies and enterprises................. 128,291 131,687 2.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 25,497 28,240 10.8 Educational services.................................... 39,570 40,883 3.3 Health care and social assistance....................... 38,279 40,699 6.3 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 46,203 51,317 11.1 Accommodation and food services......................... 21,099 21,916 3.9 Other services, except public administration............ 47,645 51,035 7.1 Government................................................ 58,980 61,705 4.6 Florida Private Total(6)................................................ 30,031 31,040 3.4 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 17,914 18,161 1.4 Mining.................................................. 43,031 44,725 3.9 Construction............................................ 32,197 33,622 4.4 Manufacturing........................................... 37,191 37,984 2.1 Wholesale trade......................................... 44,744 45,645 2.0 Retail trade............................................ 21,746 22,645 4.1 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 32,484 33,697 3.7 Utilities............................................... 58,111 59,496 2.4 Information............................................. 45,673 46,509 1.8 Finance and insurance................................... 47,443 48,937 3.1 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 29,234 30,287 3.6 Professional and technical services..................... 48,770 49,678 1.9 Management of companies and enterprises................. 56,434 60,771 7.7 Administrative and waste services....................... 21,670 22,683 4.7 Educational services.................................... 26,425 27,649 4.6 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,337 33,585 3.9 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 25,693 26,206 2.0 Accommodation and food services......................... 14,166 14,574 2.9 Other services, except public administration............ 21,327 22,215 4.2 Government................................................ 33,853 34,698 2.5 Georgia Private Total(6)................................................ 34,686 35,552 2.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 20,650 21,634 4.8 Mining.................................................. 45,871 44,551 -2.9 Construction............................................ 34,398 35,675 3.7 Manufacturing........................................... 36,460 37,003 1.5 Wholesale trade......................................... 53,208 53,078 -0.2 Retail trade............................................ 21,625 22,499 4.0 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 40,483 41,992 3.7 Utilities............................................... 60,247 64,233 6.6 Information............................................. 58,548 57,224 -2.3 Finance and insurance................................... 52,297 54,647 4.5 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 34,464 34,743 0.8 Professional and technical services..................... 55,029 56,213 2.2 Management of companies and enterprises................. 54,126 58,400 7.9 Administrative and waste services....................... 23,203 24,482 5.5 Educational services.................................... 28,965 29,558 2.0 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,725 33,937 3.7 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 26,003 27,175 4.5 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,152 13,378 1.7 Other services, except public administration............ 23,150 23,461 1.3 Government................................................ 31,588 32,739 3.6 Hawaii Private Total(6)................................................ $29,179 $29,813 2.2 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 24,166 24,153 -0.1 Mining.................................................. 57,402 58,031 1.1 Construction............................................ 45,958 47,103 2.5 Manufacturing........................................... 31,040 30,062 -3.2 Wholesale trade......................................... 37,291 38,068 2.1 Retail trade............................................ 21,524 21,977 2.1 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 35,661 36,022 1.0 Utilities............................................... 65,783 65,876 0.1 Information............................................. 42,746 43,331 1.4 Finance and insurance................................... 44,847 46,130 2.9 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 29,148 30,496 4.6 Professional and technical services..................... 43,852 45,837 4.5 Management of companies and enterprises................. 50,721 55,319 9.1 Administrative and waste services....................... 20,903 21,938 5.0 Educational services.................................... 27,893 28,912 3.7 Health care and social assistance....................... 34,559 35,053 1.4 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 19,126 19,263 0.7 Accommodation and food services......................... 19,816 19,964 0.7 Other services, except public administration............ 22,216 22,949 3.3 Government................................................ 36,481 37,026 1.5 Idaho Private Total(6)................................................ 27,623 27,475 -0.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 20,124 20,735 3.0 Mining.................................................. 39,770 38,746 -2.6 Construction............................................ 29,041 31,060 7.0 Manufacturing........................................... 43,524 37,715 -13.3 Wholesale trade......................................... 33,217 34,441 3.7 Retail trade............................................ 19,637 20,221 3.0 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 26,279 27,005 2.8 Utilities............................................... 46,199 47,938 3.8 Information............................................. 31,515 32,982 4.7 Finance and insurance................................... 35,638 36,993 3.8 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 19,680 20,746 5.4 Professional and technical services..................... 41,473 42,283 2.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. (7) (7) (7) Administrative and waste services....................... 17,287 17,941 3.8 Educational services.................................... 27,079 27,399 1.2 Health care and social assistance....................... 26,767 27,516 2.8 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... (7) (7) (7) Accommodation and food services......................... 9,755 10,032 2.8 Other services, except public administration............ 19,415 19,562 0.8 Government................................................ 28,060 29,061 3.6 Illinois Private Total(6)................................................ 38,246 39,206 2.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 23,639 24,293 2.8 Mining.................................................. 48,740 50,283 3.2 Construction............................................ 46,116 47,594 3.2 Manufacturing........................................... 43,294 43,789 1.1 Wholesale trade......................................... 52,085 53,017 1.8 Retail trade............................................ 22,062 22,839 3.5 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 37,027 38,541 4.1 Utilities............................................... 73,666 78,114 6.0 Information............................................. 54,320 52,975 -2.5 Finance and insurance................................... 61,953 65,703 6.1 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 39,150 39,543 1.0 Professional and technical services..................... 63,316 64,100 1.2 Management of companies and enterprises................. 85,347 87,742 2.8 Administrative and waste services....................... 24,078 25,194 4.6 Educational services.................................... 31,369 33,218 5.9 Health care and social assistance....................... 31,824 33,193 4.3 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 24,245 24,691 1.8 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,228 13,489 2.0 Other services, except public administration............ 25,538 26,273 2.9 Government................................................ 36,751 38,129 3.7 Indiana Private Total(6)................................................ $31,037 $31,757 2.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 22,444 23,571 5.0 Mining.................................................. 45,441 46,044 1.3 Construction............................................ 35,320 36,695 3.9 Manufacturing........................................... 41,818 42,097 0.7 Wholesale trade......................................... 40,696 41,488 1.9 Retail trade............................................ 18,935 19,704 4.1 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 31,122 31,866 2.4 Utilities............................................... 54,535 58,392 7.1 Information............................................. 37,700 38,104 1.1 Finance and insurance................................... 41,414 44,327 7.0 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 24,543 25,412 3.5 Professional and technical services..................... 40,963 42,416 3.5 Management of companies and enterprises................. 62,564 65,363 4.5 Administrative and waste services....................... 19,379 21,126 9.0 Educational services.................................... 24,298 25,877 6.5 Health care and social assistance....................... 30,267 31,503 4.1 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 23,013 23,847 3.6 Accommodation and food services......................... 10,661 10,953 2.7 Other services, except public administration............ 20,151 20,754 3.0 Government................................................ 30,988 31,910 3.0 Iowa Private Total(6)................................................ 27,503 28,375 3.2 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 21,882 22,455 2.6 Mining.................................................. 36,446 36,831 1.1 Construction............................................ 32,538 34,066 4.7 Manufacturing........................................... 36,370 37,234 2.4 Wholesale trade......................................... 36,774 36,885 0.3 Retail trade............................................ 18,172 18,870 3.8 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 30,172 30,935 2.5 Utilities............................................... 53,480 56,016 4.7 Information............................................. 34,873 34,877 0.0 Finance and insurance................................... 40,423 41,709 3.2 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 24,339 25,386 4.3 Professional and technical services..................... 36,039 37,627 4.4 Management of companies and enterprises................. 43,458 45,279 4.2 Administrative and waste services....................... 18,102 19,410 7.2 Educational services.................................... 21,786 22,551 3.5 Health care and social assistance....................... 26,417 27,694 4.8 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 15,313 15,389 0.5 Accommodation and food services......................... 9,425 9,784 3.8 Other services, except public administration............ 19,828 20,299 2.4 Government................................................ 30,260 31,294 3.4 Kansas Private Total(6)................................................ 29,646 30,468 2.8 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 24,589 25,672 4.4 Mining.................................................. 36,300 38,556 6.2 Construction............................................ 32,250 33,642 4.3 Manufacturing........................................... 37,933 39,245 3.5 Wholesale trade......................................... 40,679 41,641 2.4 Retail trade............................................ 18,874 19,595 3.8 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 30,205 31,405 4.0 Utilities............................................... 55,088 60,624 10.0 Information............................................. 52,779 45,155 -14.4 Finance and insurance................................... 40,275 41,722 3.6 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 23,672 24,875 5.1 Professional and technical services..................... 40,577 42,603 5.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. 47,015 50,493 7.4 Administrative and waste services....................... 21,249 22,585 6.3 Educational services.................................... 24,698 26,217 6.2 Health care and social assistance....................... 27,339 28,447 4.1 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 12,888 13,114 1.8 Accommodation and food services......................... 10,346 10,763 4.0 Other services, except public administration............ 20,407 20,845 2.1 Government................................................ 28,021 28,709 2.5 Kentucky Private Total(6)................................................ $28,771 $29,931 4.0 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 22,803 24,422 7.1 Mining.................................................. 42,978 45,416 5.7 Construction............................................ 31,096 32,781 5.4 Manufacturing........................................... 37,101 38,065 2.6 Wholesale trade......................................... 38,869 40,247 3.5 Retail trade............................................ 18,359 19,060 3.8 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 37,124 38,336 3.3 Utilities............................................... 53,444 61,089 14.3 Information............................................. 34,175 35,135 2.8 Finance and insurance................................... 38,866 40,076 3.1 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 23,046 23,773 3.2 Professional and technical services..................... 39,870 42,263 6.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. 61,502 63,960 4.0 Administrative and waste services....................... 16,922 18,394 8.7 Educational services.................................... 22,488 23,582 4.9 Health care and social assistance....................... 29,484 30,776 4.4 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 15,879 16,400 3.3 Accommodation and food services......................... 10,909 11,470 5.1 Other services, except public administration............ 20,318 21,165 4.2 Government................................................ 28,947 30,450 5.2 Louisiana Private Total(6)................................................ 28,012 29,210 4.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 20,987 21,443 2.2 Mining.................................................. 53,299 55,876 4.8 Construction............................................ 31,377 32,225 2.7 Manufacturing........................................... 40,347 41,909 3.9 Wholesale trade......................................... 36,118 37,768 4.6 Retail trade............................................ 18,045 18,771 4.0 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 34,708 36,158 4.2 Utilities............................................... 52,012 53,470 2.8 Information............................................. 35,663 36,743 3.0 Finance and insurance................................... 35,949 36,612 1.8 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 27,852 29,631 6.4 Professional and technical services..................... 40,315 42,410 5.2 Management of companies and enterprises................. 43,307 45,961 6.1 Administrative and waste services....................... 17,682 18,945 7.1 Educational services.................................... 29,919 (7) (7) Health care and social assistance....................... 26,721 27,504 2.9 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 20,971 21,384 2.0 Accommodation and food services......................... 11,475 11,767 2.5 Other services, except public administration............ 19,712 20,828 5.7 Government................................................ 27,360 28,809 5.3 Maine Private Total(6)................................................ 27,280 28,397 4.1 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 24,412 24,894 2.0 Mining.................................................. 24,807 27,020 8.9 Construction............................................ 31,458 32,488 3.3 Manufacturing........................................... 35,450 36,448 2.8 Wholesale trade......................................... 38,314 39,981 4.4 Retail trade............................................ 18,767 19,837 5.7 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 28,040 28,818 2.8 Utilities............................................... 48,360 49,888 3.2 Information............................................. 34,560 36,046 4.3 Finance and insurance................................... 39,356 41,063 4.3 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 23,433 24,353 3.9 Professional and technical services..................... 39,276 39,960 1.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 50,405 51,210 1.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 21,058 22,962 9.0 Educational services.................................... 27,566 29,097 5.6 Health care and social assistance....................... 27,486 29,093 5.8 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 15,289 16,472 7.7 Accommodation and food services......................... 11,908 12,334 3.6 Other services, except public administration............ 19,836 20,401 2.8 Government................................................ 29,677 30,960 4.3 Maryland Private Total(6)................................................ $35,407 $37,046 4.6 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 22,384 23,392 4.5 Mining.................................................. 44,398 50,944 14.7 Construction............................................ 38,478 40,350 4.9 Manufacturing........................................... 45,815 47,170 3.0 Wholesale trade......................................... 50,478 52,025 3.1 Retail trade............................................ 23,052 24,012 4.2 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 34,024 34,858 2.5 Utilities............................................... 65,952 66,809 1.3 Information............................................. 55,122 55,865 1.3 Finance and insurance................................... 55,543 57,790 4.0 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 33,274 35,690 7.3 Professional and technical services..................... 55,813 59,000 5.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 51,704 52,795 2.1 Administrative and waste services....................... 23,755 25,595 7.7 Educational services.................................... 33,116 34,884 5.3 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,901 34,817 5.8 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 22,854 22,694 -0.7 Accommodation and food services......................... 14,660 15,564 6.2 Other services, except public administration............ 24,511 25,850 5.5 Government................................................ 40,893 43,564 6.5 Massachusetts Private Total(6)................................................ 44,870 45,562 1.5 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 30,785 31,632 2.8 Mining.................................................. 44,501 47,084 5.8 Construction............................................ 47,629 50,795 6.6 Manufacturing........................................... 56,177 54,455 -3.1 Wholesale trade......................................... 62,580 61,873 -1.1 Retail trade............................................ 23,601 24,791 5.0 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 33,630 34,769 3.4 Utilities............................................... 74,592 76,825 3.0 Information............................................. 69,480 66,943 -3.7 Finance and insurance................................... 83,880 87,572 4.4 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 41,520 43,271 4.2 Professional and technical services..................... 75,683 74,574 -1.5 Management of companies and enterprises................. 68,964 66,867 -3.0 Administrative and waste services....................... 29,987 30,323 1.1 Educational services.................................... 38,572 40,913 6.1 Health care and social assistance....................... 34,238 36,020 5.2 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 26,575 28,087 5.7 Accommodation and food services......................... 15,635 16,186 3.5 Other services, except public administration............ 23,678 24,738 4.5 Government................................................ 39,286 40,929 4.2 Michigan Private Total(6)................................................ 37,227 37,543 0.8 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 18,715 19,039 1.7 Mining.................................................. 45,787 44,604 -2.6 Construction............................................ 42,183 42,825 1.5 Manufacturing........................................... 49,910 49,660 -0.5 Wholesale trade......................................... 51,107 51,089 0.0 Retail trade............................................ 20,975 21,672 3.3 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 39,390 39,920 1.3 Utilities............................................... 65,633 67,356 2.6 Information............................................. 46,157 47,261 2.4 Finance and insurance................................... 45,790 48,748 6.5 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 27,663 28,705 3.8 Professional and technical services..................... 61,533 60,900 -1.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. 86,105 84,479 -1.9 Administrative and waste services....................... 25,073 26,502 5.7 Educational services.................................... 27,441 27,949 1.9 Health care and social assistance....................... 32,340 33,701 4.2 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 21,848 22,472 2.9 Accommodation and food services......................... 11,373 11,527 1.4 Other services, except public administration............ 23,164 24,501 5.8 Government................................................ 35,647 36,454 2.3 Minnesota Private Total(6)................................................ $35,514 $36,778 3.6 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 21,581 22,103 2.4 Mining.................................................. 48,602 49,403 1.6 Construction............................................ 42,650 44,072 3.3 Manufacturing........................................... 41,563 42,481 2.2 Wholesale trade......................................... 49,938 51,451 3.0 Retail trade............................................ 20,514 21,074 2.7 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 38,387 40,723 6.1 Utilities............................................... 61,348 67,216 9.6 Information............................................. 46,736 47,386 1.4 Finance and insurance................................... 56,141 60,314 7.4 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 30,268 32,051 5.9 Professional and technical services..................... 55,792 56,498 1.3 Management of companies and enterprises................. 74,583 77,685 4.2 Administrative and waste services....................... 23,400 24,647 5.3 Educational services.................................... 28,076 28,524 1.6 Health care and social assistance....................... 31,514 33,097 5.0 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 21,108 21,930 3.9 Accommodation and food services......................... 11,837 11,771 -0.6 Other services, except public administration............ 21,216 21,865 3.1 Government................................................ 34,767 35,409 1.8 Mississippi Private Total(6)................................................ 24,836 25,592 3.0 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 20,396 21,198 3.9 Mining.................................................. 38,755 41,834 7.9 Construction............................................ 27,750 28,394 2.3 Manufacturing........................................... 28,328 29,416 3.8 Wholesale trade......................................... 34,583 35,567 2.8 Retail trade............................................ 17,416 18,000 3.4 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 29,467 30,352 3.0 Utilities............................................... 44,186 46,791 5.9 Information............................................. 36,784 36,460 -0.9 Finance and insurance................................... 34,561 34,991 1.2 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 19,881 20,922 5.2 Professional and technical services..................... 36,682 38,503 5.0 Management of companies and enterprises................. 44,467 46,514 4.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 15,816 16,700 5.6 Educational services.................................... 21,318 21,592 1.3 Health care and social assistance....................... 28,364 29,062 2.5 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 19,243 19,321 0.4 Accommodation and food services......................... 13,039 13,159 0.9 Other services, except public administration............ 19,355 19,993 3.3 Government................................................ 26,745 27,193 1.7 Missouri Private Total(6)................................................ 31,597 32,631 3.3 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 21,324 22,124 3.8 Mining.................................................. 43,317 46,180 6.6 Construction............................................ 37,294 39,021 4.6 Manufacturing........................................... 37,521 38,964 3.8 Wholesale trade......................................... 43,469 44,165 1.6 Retail trade............................................ 19,535 20,368 4.3 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 32,255 33,450 3.7 Utilities............................................... 55,377 63,991 15.6 Information............................................. 43,742 45,165 3.3 Finance and insurance................................... 43,069 44,752 3.9 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 26,309 27,690 5.2 Professional and technical services..................... 50,410 51,272 1.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 61,765 62,331 0.9 Administrative and waste services....................... 20,244 21,749 7.4 Educational services.................................... 33,750 34,705 2.8 Health care and social assistance....................... 29,565 30,762 4.0 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 25,536 25,435 -0.4 Accommodation and food services......................... 11,447 11,778 2.9 Other services, except public administration............ 21,459 22,029 2.7 Government................................................ 30,195 31,282 3.6 Montana Private Total(6)................................................ $23,181 $24,126 4.1 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 22,683 22,137 -2.4 Mining.................................................. 49,951 52,704 5.5 Construction............................................ 29,240 30,504 4.3 Manufacturing........................................... 31,744 32,925 3.7 Wholesale trade......................................... 31,424 32,279 2.7 Retail trade............................................ 17,786 18,450 3.7 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 26,792 27,489 2.6 Utilities............................................... 51,032 53,080 4.0 Information............................................. 29,388 31,140 6.0 Finance and insurance................................... 34,040 35,144 3.2 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 17,616 18,282 3.8 Professional and technical services..................... 32,962 34,169 3.7 Management of companies and enterprises................. 34,298 35,545 3.6 Administrative and waste services....................... 16,174 17,189 6.3 Educational services.................................... 19,041 18,439 -3.2 Health care and social assistance....................... 26,028 26,847 3.1 Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................... 12,253 12,610 2.9 Accommodation and food services......................... 9,919 10,182 2.7 Other services, except public administration............ 17,303 17,611 1.8 Government................................................ 28,879 29,438 1.9 Nebraska Private Total(6)................................................ 27,472 28,032 2.0 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting.............. 21,409 21,618 1.0 Mining.................................................. 33,572 34,849 3.8 Construction............................................ 31,933 32,215 0.9 Manufacturing........................................... 32,249 32,483 0.7 Wholesale trade......................................... 35,706 36,499 2.2 Retail trade............................................ 17,667 18,403 4.2 Transportation and warehousing.......................... 33,944 34,133 0.6 Utilities............................................... 55,678 59,281 6.5 Information............................................. 42,369 41,704 -1.6 Finance and insurance................................... 38,298 39,577 3.3 Real estate and rental and leasing...................... 22,879 23,572 3.0 Professional and technical services..................... 42,151 42,502 0.8 Management of companies and enterprises................. 50,103