Table 1.4 Production Workers: Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, national currency, 1975-2009 Country or Area 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 United States 6.19 6.73 7.41 8.11 8.85 9.67 10.67 11.48 11.89 12.32 12.76 13.05 13.35 13.67 14.10 14.88 15.58 16.01 16.44 16.85 17.24 17.82 18.27 18.59 18.98 19.73 20.60 21.42 22.29 22.92 23.60 23.94 25.13 25.64 26.19 Australia 4.43 5.26 5.85 6.31 6.89 7.66 8.80 10.13 10.65 11.53 12.10 13.19 14.05 15.11 16.35 17.37 18.17 18.63 19.22 19.59 20.56 21.37 22.11 23.55 24.22 24.33 25.37 28.25 30.40 31.60 32.84 34.42 35.72 38.09 38.47 Austria 79.23 86.61 94.70 101.26 107.43 115.95 124.86 133.97 141.64 148.58 158.34 165.45 174.64 181.20 189.47 203.02 213.36 224.94 237.56 245.63 256.96 271.00 275.66 282.84 #21.14 21.66 22.19 22.77 23.17 23.31 24.10 24.75 25.67 26.79 28.08 Belgium 232.50 264.42 295.31 317.95 341.25 376.80 418.33 449.60 479.09 506.88 535.34 552.23 573.48 595.05 622.59 655.65 691.85 725.29 766.81 806.63 835.18 864.50 884.12 909.04 #23.01 24.18 24.55 25.24 26.48 27.37 27.43 28.04 28.70 29.90 30.71 Brazil -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.84 6.28 6.45 6.24 6.51 7.07 7.56 8.50 9.27 10.20 10.94 11.67 12.72 13.62 Canada 6.51 7.41 8.21 8.80 9.59 10.54 11.94 13.43 14.31 15.03 15.56 16.02 16.60 17.25 18.14 19.39 20.65 21.63 22.30 22.66 23.06 23.67 23.74 24.06 24.36 24.92 25.31 26.05 27.43 28.55 29.43 29.62 31.07 31.75 30.13 Czech Republic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 49.66 57.31 67.34 80.16 88.77 96.78 101.69 109.92 119.73 125.98 133.88 140.83 145.47 154.29 168.44 176.53 184.17 Denmark 35.71 39.74 43.20 49.13 55.49 60.98 66.45 73.79 78.46 82.58 85.10 88.63 96.47 101.66 105.94 113.23 118.84 123.25 126.40 132.30 139.26 145.03 151.58 157.52 168.16 173.67 184.07 192.83 200.37 200.80 208.20 214.41 225.19 231.59 241.05 Finland 18.36 21.39 23.62 25.29 28.13 31.70 35.63 39.32 42.49 47.04 50.93 54.08 58.65 65.00 71.41 79.06 83.19 85.14 89.78 94.28 99.28 101.99 103.73 103.35 #18.36 19.20 20.14 20.94 21.65 22.60 23.04 23.93 24.54 25.56 26.46 France 20.20 23.44 26.75 30.22 34.16 39.41 45.32 53.46 61.28 66.54 70.46 74.35 77.13 80.60 84.28 88.08 92.26 96.57 97.43 98.36 99.82 101.58 104.19 106.16 #16.55 17.29 17.96 18.52 18.94 19.36 20.05 20.56 21.11 21.77 21.83 Germany 12.67 13.79 14.85 15.76 16.87 18.27 19.38 20.54 21.42 21.94 23.09 23.83 25.04 26.28 27.37 29.18 31.01 32.67 34.75 35.88 37.48 38.71 39.18 39.39 #20.01 21.26 21.71 22.19 22.74 22.87 23.01 23.64 23.96 24.50 24.97 Hong Kong SAR 3.82 4.39 4.93 5.67 6.72 7.66 8.83 10.26 11.20 12.64 13.79 15.03 16.76 19.28 22.43 25.67 28.65 31.21 34.04 36.15 37.84 40.65 42.51 42.33 41.69 42.87 45.31 44.24 42.62 43.22 43.47 44.33 44.85 46.04 45.11 Hungary -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 271.93 322.02 389.62 462.63 536.31 589.73 666.27 768.52 860.22 910.84 973.10 1033.74 1106.59 1230.15 1294.05 1302.42 Ireland 1.67 1.92 2.12 2.41 2.76 3.30 3.90 4.50 5.06 5.71 6.14 6.58 6.88 7.19 7.44 7.70 8.08 8.42 8.90 9.06 9.25 9.49 9.77 10.27 #13.79 14.65 16.20 17.26 18.09 18.96 19.65 20.40 21.01 21.41 22.31 Israel 1.29 1.70 2.52 4.03 7.56 17.47 42.90 96.66 246.18 1227.28 #4.31 6.96 9.09 11.02 13.24 15.53 18.02 19.96 22.26 24.68 28.33 32.19 37.13 41.22 43.73 46.41 50.79 52.03 52.94 53.74 55.13 55.87 57.44 61.16 63.17 Italy 3067 3629 4433 4983 5902 7019 8626 10134 11764 12989 14639 15671 16947 18278 20000 21578 23681 24625 25609 26432 27226 28000 28963 28958 #15.33 15.74 16.32 17.16 18.04 19.02 19.56 20.05 20.60 21.31 22.01 Japan 875.62 947.79 1043.98 1118.80 1160.60 1225.75 1317.78 1373.92 1409.32 1456.25 1487.72 1527.83 1535.10 1593.03 1701.55 1815.26 1946.12 2040.94 2092.01 2123.18 2193.00 2209.65 2274.02 2308.93 2308.75 2337.80 2337.97 2306.03 2323.75 2341.90 2346.67 2325.61 2328.13 2393.86 2375.65 Korea, Republic of 160.22 207.69 277.71 377.40 498.45 595.47 706.55 811.99 912.49 994.50 1100.54 1181.94 1343.44 1652.00 2179.53 2690.18 3474.72 4182.30 4708.07 5234.86 5825.00 6838.05 7751.38 8229.08 9088.47 9662.74 10276 11314 11906 12722 13515 14617 15744 15597 15798 Luxembourg 229.59 260.55 278.82 298.26 312.26 337.38 351.23 377.54 398.91 429.85 443.28 463.12 476.60 499.67 523.90 533.72 558.18 585.75 626.29 667.43 693.88 697.54 705.85 714.24 #18.38 18.95 19.12 19.66 20.25 21.14 21.96 22.14 22.31 22.66 22.88 Mexico 22.53 29.05 37.18 45.40 53.38 62.26 84.94 136.39 208.69 321.57 501.64 818.46 1763.32 3478.38 4306.59 5449.85 6799.92 8211.99 #9.26 10.25 11.95 14.40 17.39 20.72 24.55 28.59 32.41 34.60 36.75 38.43 40.06 42.59 45.31 48.37 51.37 Netherlands 16.59 18.22 19.69 21.56 22.88 23.91 24.61 26.12 27.07 27.89 28.96 29.88 30.68 31.23 31.69 32.77 33.81 35.19 36.77 37.91 38.54 38.94 40.49 42.23 #19.73 20.22 21.93 22.86 24.08 24.59 25.09 25.56 25.98 27.22 27.98 New Zealand 2.72 3.11 3.58 4.11 4.74 5.64 6.74 7.70 7.99 8.28 9.24 10.78 11.75 12.85 13.53 14.36 14.82 15.07 15.13 15.36 15.73 16.26 16.80 17.26 17.69 18.23 18.86 19.57 20.05 20.48 21.19 22.25 23.44 24.48 25.11 Norway 36.56 42.73 47.37 51.31 53.28 58.66 64.75 71.83 77.27 83.53 90.29 99.63 115.47 122.79 128.33 135.60 141.84 145.81 146.83 151.38 156.72 163.46 170.56 182.21 189.63 195.37 206.93 216.67 223.73 235.14 239.69 252.55 269.18 281.24 286.22 Philippines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 17.72 19.18 19.07 22.13 22.97 24.95 26.68 27.75 29.06 30.46 33.42 35.52 37.63 41.98 45.60 48.46 50.18 53.59 55.89 Poland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 8.85 10.14 11.14 11.94 12.73 13.07 13.38 13.74 14.18 15.05 16.64 18.51 19.16 Portugal 45.56 56.73 68.07 80.90 93.09 116.84 141.85 170.29 204.70 241.74 297.44 351.30 402.41 453.15 526.36 603.73 687.20 779.98 813.78 858.55 878.06 928.93 958.29 1017.04 #5.24 5.43 5.60 5.79 5.83 5.97 6.00 6.23 6.40 6.68 6.89 Singapore 2.00 2.13 2.33 2.49 2.84 3.32 3.95 4.36 4.86 5.45 5.65 4.90 4.88 5.56 6.20 6.91 7.50 8.06 8.48 9.58 10.93 11.77 12.17 12.51 12.01 12.74 12.61 12.23 12.67 12.71 12.25 13.80 12.80 13.95 13.42 Spain 142.81 188.06 235.42 292.58 350.70 415.15 502.85 572.56 644.38 708.01 780.08 861.09 927.73 981.01 1045.47 1144.45 1259.80 1361.95 1455.05 1515.05 1570.76 1673.40 1752.73 1773.02 #11.11 11.45 11.89 12.48 13.11 13.58 14.19 14.78 15.39 16.03 17.01 Sri Lanka 1.97 2.04 2.88 4.13 3.54 3.58 3.97 4.99 5.82 6.48 7.58 8.13 8.82 9.81 11.11 14.05 16.58 17.51 20.20 22.32 24.45 26.49 26.86 30.10 32.60 36.79 40.11 47.26 49.15 52.50 54.57 58.98 67.13 73.82 -- Sweden 29.39 35.52 39.24 43.11 48.05 52.34 58.77 62.63 67.51 75.08 82.26 87.66 94.99 102.17 111.94 122.64 132.67 141.82 135.71 142.17 153.13 161.71 169.13 174.96 179.07 185.77 191.63 199.11 207.36 213.81 219.20 218.08 234.14 241.48 243.53 Switzerland 15.84 16.24 16.63 17.18 17.70 18.72 20.03 21.36 22.15 22.82 23.91 24.94 25.69 26.56 27.59 29.21 31.36 32.88 33.68 34.28 34.76 35.18 35.26 35.63 35.71 35.98 36.95 37.61 37.72 37.65 38.52 39.30 39.91 40.65 41.33 Taiwan 14.74 17.47 20.44 24.14 29.39 37.47 45.57 49.57 52.84 57.64 59.90 65.25 71.60 79.62 91.89 104.77 115.41 128.05 135.63 145.11 157.86 163.42 174.30 181.45 186.23 192.48 202.35 194.57 196.34 199.54 207.51 212.17 217.14 219.01 204.77 United Kingdom 1.46 1.72 1.91 2.22 2.59 3.14 3.48 3.82 4.13 4.36 4.67 5.03 5.34 5.74 6.18 6.79 7.37 7.83 8.09 8.32 8.49 8.93 9.30 9.76 10.61 10.95 11.39 11.50 12.05 13.08 13.50 13.88 14.49 15.00 14.91 '--' means data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Note: See note in Table 7.1. for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2011