HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 33 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 22 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1992-2005 General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 06-2020, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2005," November 30, 2006. For some countries, data for total manufacturing have been revised in these tables to reflect revisions subsequent to the news release. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for most NAICS 3-digit level industries; selected additional industry combinations are shown as well. These data as well as data on a U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) basis for selected years, 1975-2002, are available at https://www.bls.gov/fls. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the Euro area (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1992-1998, and in euros for 1999-2005. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 6. Notations: .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, December 14, 2007. Table of Contents Technical Notes....................................................... 1 Exchange Rates........................................................ 5 Industry Tables: Manufacturing....................................................... 7 Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Product Manufacturing ................. 10 Textiles and Textile Products Manufacturing ....................... 13 Apparel Manufacturing ............................................. 16 Textiles and Apparel Manufacturing ................................ 19 Leather and Allied Products Manufacturing ......................... 22 Textiles, Apparel and Allied Products Manufacturing ............... 25 Wood Product Manufacturing ........................................ 28 Paper Manufacturing ............................................... 31 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing ......................... 34 Chemical Manufacturing ............................................ 37 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing ........................ 40 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing ......................... 43 Primary Metal Manufacturing ....................................... 46 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing ............................ 49 Primary and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing ............... 52 Machinery Manufacturing ........................................... 55 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing ..................... 58 Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing ...... 61 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing ............................ 64 Motor Vehicle and Parts Manufacturing ............................. 67 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing ......................... 70 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing ....................... 73 Technical Notes PAGE 1 Introduction The accompanying tables present international comparisons of hourly compensation costs for production workers in component manufacturing industries in selected countries or areas. The total compensation measures are prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in order to assess international differences in employer labor costs. Comparisons based on the more readily available average earnings statistics published by many countries can be very misleading. National definitions of average earnings differ considerably; average earnings do not include all items of labor compensation; and the omitted items of compensation frequently represent a large proportion of total compensation. The compensation measures are computed in national currency units and are converted into U.S. dollars at prevailing commercial market currency exchange rates. The foreign currency exchange rates used in the calculations are the average daily exchange rates for the reference period. They are appropriate measures for comparing levels of employer labor costs. They do not indicate relative living standards of workers or the purchasing power of their income. Prices of goods and services vary greatly among countries, and commercial market exchange rates are not reliable indicators of relative differences in prices. Differences in industrial classifications among countries can limit the comparability of some sub-manufacturing industry level measures. In addition, data at the sub-manufacturing level are subject to greater limitations than at the all manufacturing level: data for some items of compensation may not be available for all years and may be estimated using trends in similar industries or in all manufacturing; data for some industries may be based on small sample sizes and therefore may fluctuate more from year to year than data at the all manufacturing level; and industry-specific events or events at large firms can have a large effect on data for a particular industry. The data for some countries have been revised since the previous version of these tables to incorporate updated data from statistical agencies. Industrial Classifications The measures in these tables are shown according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for most NAICS 3-digit level industries; selected additional industry combinations are shown as well. For each industry, only countries for which data are available are shown. The concordance between NAICS (which is used in the United States, Canada, and Mexico) and the industry classifications used in other countries is only approximate. Because the requisite data are not available, it is not possible to adjust for all the differences between NAICS and other classification systems. The extent to which these differences affect the comparability of the data varies by industry and by country. In general, most of these differences are minor and do not significantly affect the comparisons; where differences may be more important, they are noted on the appropriate industry table. With the exceptions of Japan and Taiwan, most of the economies in this report that do not use NAICS use classification systems that are closely based on the International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities, Revision 3 (ISIC Rev. 3). In addition, the classification systems used by European Union countries are linked to the European Union’s official classification system (NACE Rev. 1), which is in turn closely linked to ISIC Rev. 3. Because of this, some exceptions in industry classification noted in the tables may apply to several countries, including most European Union countries. In such cases, a general footnote to the table that states "for NACE countries" is included. When the general footnote also applies to some non-European Union countries, those countries are included in the footnote as well. PAGE 2 For the purposes of these tables, "NACE countries" refers to the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Definitions Hourly compensation costs include (1) hourly direct pay and (2) employer social insurance expenditures and other labor taxes. Hourly direct pay includes all payments made directly to the worker, before payroll deductions of any kind, consisting of (a) pay for time worked and (b) other direct pay. Pay for time worked includes basic time and piece rates plus overtime premiums, shift differentials, other premiums and bonuses paid regularly each pay period, and cost-of-living adjustments. Other direct pay includes pay for time not worked (vacation, holidays, and other leave, except sick leave), seasonal or irregular bonuses and other special payments, selected social allowances, and the cost of payments in kind. Social insurance expenditures and other labor taxes include (c) employer expenditures for legally required insurance programs and contractual and private benefit plans and (d) other labor taxes. Social insurance expenditures include employer expenditures for retirement and disability pensions, health insurance, income guarantee insurance and sick leave, life and accident insurance, occupational injury and illness compensation, unemployment insurance, and family allowances. Other labor taxes includes taxes on payrolls or employment (or reductions to reflect subsidies), even if they do not finance programs that directly benefit workers, because such taxes are regarded as labor costs. The BLS definition of hourly compensation costs is not the same as the International Labor Office (ILO) definition of total labor costs. Hourly compensation costs do not include all items of labor costs. The costs of recruitment, employee training, and plant facilities and services-such as cafeterias and medical clinics-are not included because data are not available for many countries. The labor costs not included account for no more than 4 percent of total labor costs in any country for which the data are available. Production workers generally include those employees who are engaged in fabricating, assembly, and related activities; material handling, warehousing, and shipping; maintenance and repair; janitorial and guard services; auxiliary production (for example, power plants); and other services closely related to the above activities. Working supervisors are generally included; apprentices and other trainees are generally excluded. Methods Total compensation is computed by adjusting each country's average earnings series for items of direct pay not included in earnings and for employer expenditures for legally required insurance, contractual and private benefit plans, and other labor taxes. For the United States and other countries that measure earnings on an hours-paid basis, the figures are also adjusted in order to approximate compensation per hour worked. Earnings statistics are obtained from surveys of employment, hours, and earnings or from surveys or censuses of manufactures. Adjustment factors are obtained from periodic labor cost surveys and interpolated or projected to non-survey years on the basis of other information for most countries. The information used includes tabulations of employer social security contribution rates provided by the International Social Security Association, information on contractual and legislated fringe benefit changes from labor bulletins, and statistical series on indirect labor costs. For other countries, adjustment PAGE 3 factors are obtained from surveys or censuses of manufactures or from reports on fringe-benefit systems and social security. For the United States, the adjustment factors are special calculations for international comparisons based on data from several surveys. While every attempt is undertaken to make the measures among countries as comparable as possible, there are important differences in worker coverage, industrial classification systems, changes over time in survey coverage, frequency and timing of surveys, and data availability of compensation components that limit the comparability of the measures. Where possible, BLS makes adjustments to the measures to make them as comparable as possible. In other cases, BLS may estimate some components of compensation using appropriate indicators or trends. Some of the more prevalent differences that affect the measures are listed below: Additional compensation data relate to all employees: For several countries, data used to calculate the ratio of additional compensation to earnings relate to all employees (both production and salary workers) rather than production workers only. Based on BLS research, the difference in additional compensation ratios between production workers and all employees is typically small in most countries, in part because production workers normally comprise a large portion of all employees in most industries, and in part because the ratio of legally required social insurance costs are typically the same for both production workers and salary workers. Countries for which the ratios of additional compensation relate to all employees are: Brazil, Mexico, Japan, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Singapore, Taiwan, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Additional compensation ratios in Australia relate to production and non-production workers other than those in managerial, executive, professional, and higher supervisory positions. Hours estimates are used to calculate hourly compensation costs: For some countries, hourly earnings data are not published. For these countries, BLS estimates hourly earnings by dividing average earnings for a time period by the number of average hours worked during that time period. Hourly earnings for Brazil and Mexico are estimated by dividing total annual earnings for all production workers by estimates of total annual hours worked by production workers. Series over time may be linked due to survey changes or changes in industrial classification: In many cases, data series used to estimate the hourly compensation figures are not available for the entire time period. Where appropriate, BLS attempts to link data series in order to construct estimates of compensation over the entire time period of the measures. Data for all manufacturing or more aggregated industries may be used to estimate some components of compensation: Some data needed for the hourly compensation measures may not be available at the sub-manufacturing level, or may only be available for groupings of industries. For example, trends in bonuses and sick pay are not available at the sub-manufacturing level for some countries. Where appropriate, BLS uses the manufacturing or more aggregated industry data to estimate levels or trends in component industries. Data Limitations Because compensation is partly estimated, as described in the section on methods, the statistics should not be considered as precise measures of comparative compensation costs. In addition, the figures are subject to revision as the results of new labor cost surveys or other data used to estimate total compensation become available. The hourly compensation figures in U.S. dollars shown in the tables provide comparative measures of employer labor costs; they do not provide intercountry comparisons of the purchasing power of PAGE 4 worker incomes. Prices of goods and services vary greatly among countries, and the commercial market exchange rates used to compare employer labor costs do not reliably indicate relative differences in prices. Purchasing power parities--that is, the number of foreign currency units required to buy goods and services equivalent to what can be purchased with one unit of U.S. or other base-country currency--must be used for meaningful international comparisons of the relative purchasing power of worker incomes. Total compensation converted to U.S. dollars at purchasing power parities would provide one measure for comparing relative real levels of labor income. It should be noted, however, that total compensation includes employer payments to funds for the benefit of workers in addition to payments made directly to workers. (For a few countries, the compensation measures also include taxes or subsidies on payrolls or employment even if they do not finance programs which directly benefit workers.) Payments into these funds provide either deferred income (for example, payments to retirement funds), a type of insurance (for example, payments to unemployment or health benefit funds), or current social benefits (for example, family allowances), and the relationship between employer payments and current or future worker benefits is indirect. On the other hand, excluding these payments would understate the total value of income derived from work because they substitute for worker savings or self-insurance to cover retirement, medical costs, etc. Total compensation, because it takes account of employer payments into funds for the benefit of workers, is a broader income concept than either total direct earnings or direct spendable earnings. An even broader concept would take account of all social benefits available to workers, including those financed out of general revenues as well as those financed through employment or payroll taxes. EXCHANGE RATES: NATIONAL CURRENCY UNITS PER U.S. DOLLAR PAGE 5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- United States........... 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Brazil.................. .. .. .. .. 1.005 1.078 1.161 1.821 1.830 2.353 2.921 3.075 2.926 2.435 Canada.................. 1.209 1.290 1.366 1.373 1.364 1.385 1.484 1.486 1.486 1.549 1.570 1.401 1.302 1.212 Mexico.................. 3095 3.116 3.375 6.419 7.600 7.918 9.152 9.553 9.459 9.337 9.663 10.79 11.29 10.89 Australia............... 1.360 1.471 1.367 1.350 1.277 1.345 1.590 1.549 1.720 1.935 1.839 1.533 1.358 1.311 Hong Kong SAR........... 7.740 7.736 7.729 7.736 7.735 7.743 7.747 7.759 7.792 7.800 7.800 7.788 7.789 7.778 Israel.................. 2.459 2.830 3.011 3.011 3.192 3.449 3.800 4.140 4.077 4.206 4.738 4.554 4.482 4.488 Japan................... 126.8 111.1 102.2 93.96 108.8 121.1 131.0 113.7 107.8 121.6 125.2 115.9 108.2 110.1 Korea, Republic of...... 780.6 802.7 803.5 771.3 804.5 950.8 1400 1190 1131 1292 1250 1192 1145 1024 New Zealand............. 1.859 1.847 1.685 1.524 1.454 1.509 1.865 1.889 2.189 2.380 2.153 1.718 1.505 1.419 Singapore............... 1.629 1.616 1.527 1.417 1.410 1.486 1.672 1.695 1.725 1.793 1.791 1.743 1.690 1.664 Sri Lanka............... 43.83 48.32 49.42 51.25 55.27 59.00 64.45 70.64 77.01 89.38 95.66 96.54 101.2 .. Taiwan.................. 25.16 26.42 26.47 26.50 27.47 28.78 33.55 32.32 31.26 33.82 34.54 34.41 33.37 32.13 Austria................. 10.99 11.64 11.41 10.08 10.59 12.21 12.38 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Belgium................. 32.15 34.58 33.43 29.47 30.97 35.81 36.31 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 26.54 27.15 31.70 32.28 34.57 38.60 38.04 32.74 28.21 25.70 23.96 Denmark................. 6.037 6.486 6.356 5.600 5.800 6.609 6.703 6.990 8.095 8.332 7.886 6.577 5.989 5.995 Finland................. 4.487 5.725 5.234 4.376 4.595 5.196 5.347 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 France.................. 5.294 5.667 5.546 4.986 5.116 5.839 5.900 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Germany................. .. 1.655 1.622 1.432 1.505 1.735 1.760 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Greece.................. 190.6 229.3 242.6 231.7 240.7 273.1 295.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Hungary................. .. .. 105.2 125.7 152.6 186.8 214.4 237.1 282.2 286.5 257.9 224.3 202.7 199.6 Ireland................. .5868 .6827 .6680 .6236 .6252 .6595 .7019 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Italy................... 1232 1573 1611 1629 1543 1704 1737 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Luxembourg.............. 32.15 34.60 33.46 29.48 30.96 35.77 36.30 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Netherlands............. 1.759 1.858 1.819 1.604 1.686 1.953 1.984 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Norway.................. 6.214 7.098 7.055 6.336 6.459 7.086 7.552 7.807 8.813 8.996 7.984 7.080 6.740 6.441 Poland.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.280 3.480 3.970 4.350 4.094 4.080 3.889 3.658 3.236 Portugal................ 135.1 161.1 165.9 149.9 154.3 175.4 180.3 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Spain................... 102.4 127.5 133.9 124.6 126.7 146.5 149.4 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 Sweden.................. 5.826 7.796 7.716 7.141 6.708 7.645 7.952 8.274 9.174 10.34 9.720 8.080 7.348 7.471 Switzerland............. 1.406 1.478 1.367 1.181 1.236 1.451 1.451 1.505 1.690 1.689 1.557 1.345 1.243 1.246 United Kingdom.......... .5662 .6660 .6528 .6335 .6407 .6106 .6034 .6184 .6598 .6946 .6660 .6117 .5456 .5490 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See notes on following page Exchange Rate Notes PAGE 6 Notes on Exchange Rates Hong Kong SAR relates to the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong. On January 1, 1999, several European countries joined the European Monetary Union (EMU): Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Greece joined on January 1, 2001. Currencies of EMU members were established at fixed conversion rates to the euro, the official currency of the EMU. Exchange rates between the national currencies of EMU countries and the U.S. dollar are no longer reported; only the exchange rate between the euro and the U.S. dollar is available. National currency units are United States, dollar; Brazil, real; Canada, dollar; Mexico, peso; Australia, dollar; Hong Kong, dollar; Israel, new shekel; Japan, yen; Republic of Korea, won; New Zealand, dollar; Singapore, dollar; Sri Lanka, rupee; Taiwan, dollar; Austria, schilling (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Belgium, franc (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Czech Republic, koruna; Denmark, krone; Finland, markkaa (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); France, franc (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Germany, mark (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Greece, drachma (1992-2000), euro (2001-2005); Hungary, forint; Ireland, pound (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Italy, lira (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Luxembourg, franc (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Netherlands, guilder (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Norway, kroner; Poland, zloty; Portugal, escudo (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Spain, peseta (1992-1998), euro (1999-2005); Sweden, krona; Switzerland, franc; United Kingdom, pound. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 7 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 32 32 30 18 18 14 12 12 14 17 CANADA.................. 110 104 97 96 96 93 86 85 84 79 78 88 95 101 MEXICO.................. 14 14 16 10 9 10 9 10 11 11 12 11 11 11 AUSTRALIA............... 83 77 84 89 96 92 82 84 73 65 72 89 102 105 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 28 28 28 27 25 24 24 ISRAEL.................. 51 48 49 55 57 59 59 56 58 59 52 52 53 53 JAPAN................... 101 115 125 137 115 104 95 108 112 94 87 91 96 92 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 33 34 38 42 46 43 31 39 42 38 41 44 49 57 NEW ZEALAND............. 50 49 54 60 64 62 51 50 43 39 43 53 60 63 SINGAPORE............... 30 31 37 44 46 44 40 37 37 34 31 32 32 32 SRI LANKA............... 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 .. TAIWAN.................. 32 32 33 35 34 33 29 31 32 30 26 26 26 27 AUSTRIA................. 127 123 128 147 139 120 119 114 97 93 97 115 125 124 BELGIUM................. 129 123 131 149 142 122 122 117 102 97 102 120 132 130 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 15 17 15 16 16 14 15 18 21 24 26 DENMARK................. 129 121 126 147 143 129 130 129 111 108 114 136 151 150 FINLAND................. 120 97 108 132 125 110 105 104 91 88 93 110 122 120 FRANCE.................. 109 101 102 112 107 94 94 90 79 76 80 95 105 104 GERMANY................. .. 146 151 175 167 143 136 130 115 109 114 134 142 140 GREECE.................. 48 44 46 53 53 50 48 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 15 18 21 25 26 IRELAND................. 83 73 75 80 80 76 74 73 65 66 72 86 96 96 ITALY................... 119 94 92 91 96 88 85 82 70 66 69 82 90 89 LUXEMBOURG.............. 115 111 119 137 127 109 106 104 89 84 88 104 116 117 NETHERLANDS............. 125 122 124 140 130 114 115 113 98 97 104 124 135 135 NORWAY.................. 147 126 128 145 143 133 132 131 115 115 131 147 160 166 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 15 16 15 14 16 15 16 17 19 PORTUGAL................ 31 26 26 30 30 28 28 27 23 22 24 28 31 31 SPAIN................... 84 70 68 74 75 66 64 63 54 53 56 68 75 75 SWEDEN.................. 153 107 111 126 137 123 121 117 105 93 99 119 132 129 SWITZERLAND............. 144 137 147 168 157 131 130 123 107 105 111 125 132 129 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 90 76 77 80 80 86 92 92 86 82 86 96 109 109 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 8 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.95 16.37 16.78 17.17 17.74 18.20 18.52 18.90 19.65 20.52 21.33 22.20 22.82 23.65 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.76 5.77 5.49 3.39 3.50 2.97 2.57 2.74 3.15 4.09 CANADA.................. 17.57 16.97 16.29 16.50 17.04 16.83 15.93 16.10 16.48 16.23 16.72 19.53 21.77 23.82 MEXICO.................. 2.16 2.36 2.74 1.70 1.63 1.73 1.65 1.81 2.07 2.34 2.49 2.44 2.44 2.63 AUSTRALIA............... 13.23 12.62 14.13 15.36 17.02 16.71 15.11 15.92 14.40 13.32 15.38 19.79 23.38 24.91 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 3.91 4.28 4.60 4.80 5.12 5.38 5.40 5.37 5.45 5.74 5.66 5.54 5.51 5.65 ISRAEL.................. 8.11 7.86 8.19 9.41 10.11 10.79 10.85 10.57 11.41 12.17 11.00 11.62 12.01 12.42 JAPAN................... 16.13 18.86 20.98 23.47 20.44 18.98 17.62 20.44 21.93 19.35 18.60 20.26 21.84 21.76 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 5.21 5.63 6.38 7.28 8.21 7.85 5.67 7.36 8.23 7.72 8.77 9.69 11.13 13.56 NEW ZEALAND............. 8.05 8.06 9.09 10.35 11.32 11.32 9.38 9.45 8.38 7.97 9.10 11.69 13.65 14.97 SINGAPORE............... 4.85 5.15 6.16 7.57 8.16 8.02 7.36 6.96 7.18 6.97 6.71 7.18 7.38 7.66 SRI LANKA............... 0.40 0.42 0.45 0.48 0.48 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.48 0.45 0.49 0.51 0.52 .. TAIWAN.................. 5.12 5.16 5.51 5.99 5.98 6.09 5.39 5.78 6.19 6.05 5.64 5.69 5.98 6.38 AUSTRIA................. 20.24 20.11 21.49 25.26 24.75 21.88 22.08 21.63 19.14 19.09 20.71 25.51 28.53 29.42 BELGIUM................. 20.51 20.16 21.93 25.67 25.26 22.28 22.62 22.14 20.13 19.84 21.77 26.55 30.01 30.79 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 2.63 3.10 2.79 2.99 2.93 2.83 3.13 3.83 4.72 5.45 6.11 DENMARK................. 20.55 19.77 21.12 25.28 25.43 23.48 24.07 24.46 21.87 22.07 24.31 30.22 34.46 35.47 FINLAND................. 19.16 15.81 18.16 22.60 22.21 20.01 19.40 19.66 17.84 18.07 19.75 24.35 27.80 28.38 FRANCE.................. 17.31 16.46 17.10 19.26 18.99 17.10 17.32 17.00 15.46 15.65 17.13 21.14 23.89 24.63 GERMANY................. .. 23.89 25.33 30.10 29.58 25.96 25.17 24.57 22.67 22.47 24.22 29.64 32.50 33.00 GREECE.................. 7.66 7.22 7.68 9.07 9.46 9.08 8.80 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 2.71 2.69 2.73 2.73 2.80 2.83 2.79 3.16 3.92 4.76 5.63 6.07 IRELAND................. 13.25 12.02 12.54 13.75 14.11 13.80 13.68 13.77 12.72 13.60 15.26 19.09 21.94 22.76 ITALY................... 18.91 15.38 15.40 15.69 17.10 16.06 15.83 15.55 13.84 13.61 14.75 18.11 20.48 21.05 LUXEMBOURG.............. 18.29 18.16 19.99 23.56 22.56 19.75 19.69 19.61 17.51 17.21 18.71 23.12 26.57 27.68 NETHERLANDS............. 20.01 19.98 20.88 24.03 23.10 20.73 21.29 21.35 19.33 19.85 22.12 27.47 30.76 31.81 NORWAY.................. 23.48 20.59 21.40 24.84 25.46 24.12 24.43 24.73 22.56 23.51 27.93 32.73 36.41 39.14 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.79 3.00 2.89 2.81 3.19 3.29 3.52 3.85 4.54 PORTUGAL................ 4.88 4.26 4.36 5.09 5.33 5.13 5.20 5.06 4.49 4.59 5.07 6.24 7.02 7.33 SPAIN................... 13.39 11.49 11.39 12.70 13.33 12.07 11.94 11.92 10.65 10.78 11.95 15.01 17.14 17.78 SWEDEN.................. 24.41 17.47 18.58 21.62 24.29 22.37 22.40 22.07 20.68 19.05 21.13 26.37 30.02 30.40 SWITZERLAND............. 22.95 22.36 24.61 28.90 27.94 23.85 24.04 23.22 20.95 21.53 23.77 27.78 30.21 30.50 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 14.29 12.48 12.97 13.79 14.12 15.68 16.97 17.33 16.84 16.85 18.36 21.33 24.76 25.66 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 9 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.95 16.37 16.78 17.17 17.74 18.20 18.52 18.90 19.65 20.52 21.33 22.20 22.82 23.65 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.79 6.22 6.37 6.17 6.41 6.99 7.51 8.43 9.22 9.97 CANADA.................. 21.24 21.90 22.26 22.66 23.24 23.31 23.64 23.92 24.49 25.14 26.26 27.36 28.34 28.87 MEXICO.................. 6672 #7.36 9.24 10.90 12.38 13.71 15.11 17.32 19.57 21.83 24.07 26.34 27.55 28.67 AUSTRALIA............... 17.99 18.56 19.32 20.74 21.73 22.47 24.02 24.66 24.77 25.76 28.29 30.34 31.75 32.65 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 30.26 33.12 35.53 37.11 39.59 41.63 41.81 41.63 42.45 44.81 44.17 43.15 42.90 43.94 ISRAEL.................. 19.93 22.23 24.66 28.33 32.26 37.22 41.23 43.75 46.51 51.20 52.13 52.90 53.81 55.76 JAPAN................... 2046 2095 2144 2205 2224 2299 2308 2324 2364 2353 2329 2348 2363 2395 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 4068 4515 5128 5616 6607 7466 7944 8760 9308 9968 10960 11548 12743 13881 NEW ZEALAND............. 14.97 14.88 15.32 15.78 16.46 17.08 17.50 17.86 18.34 18.97 19.59 20.08 20.54 21.24 SINGAPORE............... 7.91 8.33 9.40 10.72 11.50 11.91 12.30 11.80 12.39 12.49 12.01 12.51 12.47 12.74 SRI LANKA............... 17.51 20.20 22.32 24.45 26.49 26.86 30.10 32.60 36.79 40.11 47.26 49.15 52.50 .. TAIWAN.................. 128.7 136.3 145.9 158.7 164.3 175.3 180.7 187.0 193.6 204.7 194.8 195.9 199.4 205.0 AUSTRIA................. 222.4 234.1 245.2 254.6 262.1 267.1 273.3 #20.31 20.73 21.33 21.91 22.53 22.94 23.63 BELGIUM................. 659.4 697.1 733.2 756.5 782.3 798.0 821.3 #20.78 21.80 22.17 23.03 23.45 24.13 24.74 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 69.93 84.26 88.50 96.49 101.4 109.4 119.0 125.3 133.1 140.0 146.4 DENMARK................. 124.0 128.2 134.2 141.6 147.5 155.2 161.3 171.0 177.1 183.9 191.7 198.8 206.4 212.6 FINLAND................. 85.97 90.50 95.04 98.91 102.1 104.0 103.7 #18.46 19.33 20.19 20.89 21.51 22.35 22.80 FRANCE.................. 91.66 93.28 94.81 96.04 97.16 99.87 102.2 #15.96 16.75 17.48 18.12 18.68 19.21 19.78 GERMANY................. .. 39.54 41.09 43.10 44.51 45.04 44.30 #23.07 24.55 25.10 25.62 26.18 26.13 26.51 GREECE.................. 1460 1656 1863 2102 2277 2480 2601 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 284.5 337.8 417.4 510.3 599.7 670.5 788.0 904.4 1012 1068 1142 1212 IRELAND................. 7.77 8.21 8.38 8.57 8.82 9.10 9.60 #12.93 13.78 15.19 16.14 16.86 17.64 18.28 ITALY................... 23299 24194 24814 25563 26378 27360 27503 #14.60 15.00 15.20 15.60 16.00 16.46 16.91 LUXEMBOURG.............. 588.1 628.3 668.8 694.6 698.5 706.4 714.8 #18.40 18.97 19.23 19.80 20.43 21.36 22.23 NETHERLANDS............. 35.21 37.12 37.99 38.54 38.94 40.49 42.23 #20.04 20.94 22.18 23.40 24.26 24.73 25.55 NORWAY.................. 145.9 146.1 151.0 157.4 164.4 170.9 184.5 193.1 198.8 211.5 223.0 231.7 245.4 252.1 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.16 10.44 11.48 12.22 13.06 13.44 13.70 14.08 14.68 PORTUGAL................ 659.8 685.5 723.4 763.4 821.7 899.2 938.1 #4.75 4.86 5.13 5.36 5.51 5.65 5.89 SPAIN................... 1371 1465 1525 1583 1689 1769 1784 #11.19 11.54 12.04 12.64 13.26 13.78 14.29 SWEDEN.................. 142.2 136.2 143.4 154.4 162.9 171.0 178.1 182.6 189.8 197.0 205.4 213.1 220.6 227.1 SWITZERLAND............. 32.27 33.05 33.65 34.13 34.54 34.60 34.88 34.95 35.41 36.36 37.02 37.37 37.55 38.00 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 8.09 8.31 8.47 8.73 9.05 9.58 10.24 10.72 11.11 11.71 12.23 13.05 13.51 14.09 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 10 FOOD, BEVERAGE, AND TOBACCO PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 311-312) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 27 27 25 16 15 13 11 11 12 15 CANADA.................. 108 104 97 95 96 93 83 83 82 79 78 90 98 106 MEXICO.................. 13 14 16 9 9 9 9 10 11 12 12 11 10 11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 97 104 108 105 92 98 86 76 86 105 117 122 ISRAEL.................. 41 39 41 47 49 51 49 48 49 51 45 46 46 47 JAPAN................... 87 99 109 118 100 88 78 90 92 78 74 79 83 83 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 38 37 43 47 45 31 41 45 40 44 47 50 56 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 51 53 53 50 44 44 42 40 37 38 39 TAIWAN.................. 38 38 39 42 41 43 36 40 39 37 34 32 32 34 AUSTRIA................. 145 139 147 169 164 145 139 137 116 113 119 139 148 150 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 157 152 132 128 127 112 106 112 132 145 147 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 15 15 15 14 15 18 21 24 27 DENMARK................. 152 143 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 118 94 112 136 130 114 107 108 95 94 100 120 134 139 FRANCE.................. 122 114 116 128 124 109 106 106 93 90 95 114 124 127 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 125 122 106 102 106 126 134 135 GREECE.................. 51 47 49 57 58 56 51 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 17 16 16 16 15 16 19 23 26 27 IRELAND................. 97 84 86 95 92 89 83 84 76 82 89 107 115 118 ITALY................... 142 116 118 119 127 117 109 105 88 85 90 110 126 128 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 104 90 87 89 76 73 77 93 104 108 NETHERLANDS............. 148 143 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 153 130 132 152 151 139 134 137 120 122 143 163 177 189 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 17 16 15 17 17 17 18 21 SPAIN................... 91 75 73 79 81 69 69 68 58 57 63 76 81 83 SWEDEN.................. 166 115 121 133 147 132 126 125 113 101 107 128 141 141 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 95 81 81 86 87 91 94 96 88 85 95 105 120 129 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 11 FOOD, BEVERAGE, AND TOBACCO PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 311-312) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 14.18 14.59 14.88 15.09 15.52 15.85 16.54 16.36 16.99 17.58 18.25 18.77 19.35 19.51 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.22 4.35 4.16 2.64 2.60 2.20 1.99 2.08 2.34 3.02 CANADA.................. 15.25 15.15 14.40 14.32 14.90 14.72 13.71 13.60 13.89 13.81 14.32 16.96 18.90 20.74 MEXICO.................. 1.91 2.07 2.33 1.43 1.39 1.50 1.46 1.61 1.82 2.03 2.13 2.04 2.02 2.15 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.39 15.65 16.72 16.65 15.24 16.01 14.57 13.44 15.61 19.64 22.56 23.81 ISRAEL.................. 5.87 5.71 6.16 7.08 7.59 8.15 8.17 7.89 8.39 8.90 8.17 8.68 8.96 9.17 JAPAN................... 12.34 14.45 16.15 17.88 15.46 14.02 12.87 14.72 15.67 13.75 13.52 14.90 16.12 16.15 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5.50 5.56 6.55 7.36 7.17 5.12 6.76 7.71 6.95 8.00 8.88 9.73 10.94 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 7.71 8.29 8.44 8.22 7.14 7.47 7.30 7.24 6.98 7.44 7.62 TAIWAN.................. 5.39 5.51 5.87 6.36 6.37 6.87 6.01 6.51 6.59 6.58 6.21 5.99 6.19 6.54 AUSTRIA................. 20.51 20.25 21.89 25.49 25.43 22.94 23.01 22.37 19.67 19.79 21.65 26.18 28.56 29.21 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 23.77 23.52 20.92 21.13 20.81 18.94 18.61 20.39 24.77 28.10 28.73 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.38 2.50 2.38 2.33 2.68 3.32 3.99 4.65 5.19 DENMARK................. 21.50 20.92 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 16.72 13.78 16.62 20.56 20.25 18.12 17.71 17.69 16.12 16.45 18.21 22.55 25.95 27.03 FRANCE.................. 17.26 16.62 17.23 19.38 19.18 17.30 17.60 17.29 15.74 15.82 17.26 21.31 24.03 24.72 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.69 20.02 18.04 17.87 19.31 23.66 25.96 26.33 GREECE.................. 7.22 6.83 7.28 8.59 9.01 8.82 8.50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 2.68 2.59 2.59 2.57 2.49 2.84 3.56 4.28 5.05 5.21 IRELAND................. 13.69 12.29 12.85 14.28 14.29 14.16 13.64 13.82 12.97 14.33 16.31 20.09 22.29 22.99 ITALY................... 20.19 16.91 17.62 18.00 19.66 18.56 17.94 17.19 14.96 14.97 16.47 20.72 24.42 24.99 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 16.17 14.31 14.43 14.53 12.95 12.91 14.04 17.36 20.08 21.10 NETHERLANDS............. 21.05 20.82 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 21.66 18.99 19.66 22.94 23.43 22.11 22.09 22.49 20.35 21.44 26.03 30.58 34.25 36.86 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.66 2.83 2.69 2.63 3.00 3.05 3.21 3.44 4.01 SPAIN................... 12.97 10.95 10.82 11.87 12.53 11.00 11.37 11.15 9.81 10.11 11.43 14.18 15.75 16.15 SWEDEN.................. 23.57 16.83 17.93 20.12 22.82 20.88 20.91 20.49 19.19 17.79 19.45 24.09 27.25 27.49 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 13.41 11.81 12.10 12.92 13.50 14.50 15.54 15.71 14.94 14.96 17.35 19.75 23.29 25.14 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 12 FOOD, BEVERAGE, AND TOBACCO PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 311-312) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 14.18 14.59 14.88 15.09 15.52 15.85 16.54 16.36 16.99 17.58 18.25 18.77 19.35 19.51 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.25 4.69 4.83 4.80 4.75 5.18 5.82 6.41 6.86 7.36 CANADA.................. 18.44 19.54 19.67 19.67 20.32 20.39 20.34 20.21 20.64 21.39 22.49 23.76 24.61 25.14 MEXICO.................. 5910 #6.45 7.85 9.19 10.54 11.84 13.32 15.36 17.23 18.97 20.56 22.02 22.82 23.46 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 19.67 21.13 21.35 22.40 24.23 24.79 25.07 26.01 28.71 30.11 30.63 31.22 ISRAEL.................. 14.45 16.16 18.55 21.31 24.24 28.11 31.03 32.65 34.19 37.43 38.73 39.52 40.16 41.14 JAPAN................... 1565 1606 1651 1680 1682 1698 1686 1674 1690 1673 1693 1727 1744 1779 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4413 4467 5054 5924 6814 7170 8050 8723 8981 10000 10583 11137 11208 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 10.92 11.69 12.55 13.75 12.10 12.88 13.09 12.96 12.17 12.58 12.67 TAIWAN.................. 135.6 145.6 155.3 168.5 175.0 197.8 201.5 210.5 205.9 222.7 214.5 206.2 206.6 210.3 AUSTRIA................. 225.4 235.7 249.8 256.9 269.3 280.1 284.9 #21.00 21.31 22.11 22.90 23.12 22.96 23.47 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 700.4 728.4 749.1 767.2 #19.53 20.52 20.79 21.57 21.88 22.59 23.08 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 75.44 80.74 82.38 89.80 101.9 108.7 112.4 119.6 124.3 DENMARK................. 129.8 135.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 75.03 78.87 87.00 89.99 93.03 94.14 94.69 #16.61 17.46 18.38 19.27 19.91 20.86 21.71 FRANCE.................. 91.36 94.18 95.55 96.63 98.14 101.0 103.8 #16.23 17.05 17.67 18.26 18.82 19.32 19.86 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.42 #18.79 19.54 19.97 20.43 20.90 20.87 21.15 GREECE.................. 1376 1565 1766 1990 2168 2407 2511 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 408.7 483.0 555.1 609.5 703.1 813.8 917.4 960.6 1024 1040 IRELAND................. 8.04 8.39 8.58 8.90 8.93 9.34 9.58 #12.98 14.05 16.01 17.25 17.74 17.92 18.47 ITALY................... 24869 26603 28391 29315 30329 31628 31165 #16.14 16.21 16.72 17.43 18.30 19.63 20.08 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 500.5 511.8 523.6 #13.64 14.02 14.42 14.85 15.34 16.15 16.95 NETHERLANDS............. 37.03 38.68 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 134.6 134.8 138.7 145.4 151.4 156.6 166.9 175.6 179.4 192.9 207.8 216.5 230.9 237.4 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 8.73 9.84 10.68 11.43 12.30 12.43 12.49 12.59 12.98 SPAIN................... 1328 1396 1449 1479 1588 1612 1699 #10.47 10.63 11.29 12.09 12.52 12.66 12.97 SWEDEN.................. 137.3 131.2 138.3 143.7 153.1 159.6 166.3 169.5 176.1 183.9 189.1 194.6 200.2 205.4 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.59 7.87 7.90 8.18 8.65 8.85 9.38 9.71 9.86 10.39 11.55 12.08 12.71 13.80 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 13 TEXTILES AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-314) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 33 33 28 17 17 14 12 12 14 18 CANADA.................. 109 100 95 95 100 96 83 82 84 78 79 88 103 109 MEXICO.................. 18 19 20 12 11 12 11 12 13 14 14 14 13 14 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 109 108 119 109 90 96 84 72 79 97 108 113 ISRAEL.................. 52 48 51 49 51 52 50 47 50 53 46 46 49 51 JAPAN................... 103 119 131 145 128 117 105 115 123 105 99 100 108 100 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 40 51 51 50 46 30 33 36 35 42 45 45 54 TAIWAN.................. 41 40 40 41 39 40 32 32 34 33 31 28 29 31 AUSTRIA................. 135 130 137 153 150 131 127 120 103 99 105 125 138 140 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 178 167 143 140 133 116 112 122 144 160 159 DENMARK................. 156 149 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 132 107 118 141 135 120 112 110 98 97 106 122 138 139 FRANCE.................. 123 114 116 124 119 104 101 95 83 82 88 105 116 117 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 136 127 110 106 113 132 143 140 GREECE.................. 64 60 61 68 69 65 60 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 100 88 90 93 93 87 83 82 73 77 83 98 107 109 ITALY................... 145 117 117 112 120 109 104 99 86 84 91 116 134 135 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 210 183 178 175 152 145 153 182 207 209 NETHERLANDS............. 159 154 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 172 149 150 165 165 152 146 143 126 128 140 161 175 186 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 18 18 17 16 18 18 18 20 22 SPAIN................... 98 82 75 80 79 70 67 65 58 58 61 76 85 86 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 96 83 86 89 90 96 98 100 95 91 95 104 119 118 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 14 TEXTILES AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-314) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 11.58 11.75 11.95 12.57 12.90 13.26 13.85 14.23 14.75 15.20 15.52 16.04 16.34 16.77 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.28 4.36 3.94 2.45 2.56 2.11 1.85 1.98 2.25 2.94 CANADA.................. 12.63 11.75 11.40 11.91 12.95 12.78 11.47 11.60 12.36 11.87 12.25 14.08 16.83 18.26 MEXICO.................. 2.05 2.21 2.45 1.50 1.45 1.58 1.54 1.65 1.86 2.08 2.22 2.18 2.17 2.38 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 13.03 13.59 15.37 14.40 12.51 13.67 12.37 10.95 12.27 15.59 17.72 18.93 ISRAEL.................. 5.99 5.70 6.08 6.12 6.61 6.93 6.91 6.63 7.39 8.11 7.21 7.44 8.00 8.49 JAPAN................... 11.94 13.93 15.67 18.22 16.55 15.54 14.49 16.30 18.10 15.97 15.35 16.05 17.63 16.83 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4.67 6.14 6.37 6.49 6.04 4.18 4.70 5.31 5.33 6.54 7.24 7.34 9.03 TAIWAN.................. 4.73 4.72 4.76 5.18 4.98 5.25 4.39 4.57 5.04 4.98 4.78 4.54 4.80 5.19 AUSTRIA................. 15.59 15.26 16.38 19.26 19.40 17.39 17.58 17.03 15.13 15.03 16.30 20.07 22.55 23.40 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 22.31 21.52 19.00 19.32 18.91 17.11 17.08 18.99 23.13 26.20 26.72 DENMARK................. 18.09 17.54 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 15.28 12.61 14.05 17.79 17.48 15.87 15.52 15.63 14.47 14.71 16.41 19.55 22.63 23.35 FRANCE.................. 14.19 13.40 13.87 15.59 15.38 13.83 13.96 13.59 12.32 12.43 13.59 16.78 18.99 19.68 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.83 18.12 16.29 16.18 17.53 21.20 23.38 23.52 GREECE.................. 7.44 7.07 7.33 8.59 8.91 8.65 8.31 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 11.57 10.32 10.78 11.71 11.97 11.52 11.46 11.61 10.78 11.74 12.89 15.71 17.43 18.27 ITALY................... 16.81 13.70 13.98 14.12 15.47 14.45 14.40 14.16 12.63 12.83 14.18 18.65 21.83 22.65 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 27.11 24.29 24.71 24.84 22.48 21.96 23.75 29.24 33.87 34.98 NETHERLANDS............. 18.43 18.06 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 19.90 17.55 17.95 20.74 21.26 20.12 20.22 20.37 18.55 19.38 21.80 25.77 28.54 31.24 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.32 2.51 2.42 2.33 2.69 2.80 2.95 3.19 3.73 SPAIN................... 11.34 9.58 8.93 10.05 10.17 9.30 9.28 9.18 8.61 8.82 9.54 12.12 13.89 14.44 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 11.17 9.79 10.29 11.24 11.67 12.78 13.61 14.17 14.03 13.79 14.75 16.75 19.50 19.85 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 15 TEXTILES AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-314) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 11.58 11.75 11.95 12.57 12.90 13.26 13.85 14.23 14.75 15.20 15.52 16.04 16.34 16.77 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.31 4.70 4.58 4.46 4.68 4.96 5.40 6.08 6.60 7.15 CANADA.................. 15.27 15.16 15.57 16.36 17.66 17.71 17.02 17.24 18.37 18.38 19.24 19.73 21.91 22.14 MEXICO.................. 6355 #6.90 8.27 9.64 11.04 12.49 14.12 15.76 17.59 19.46 21.45 23.56 24.51 25.87 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.81 18.35 19.63 19.37 19.89 21.17 21.27 21.19 22.57 23.89 24.06 24.82 ISRAEL.................. 14.73 16.13 18.32 18.44 21.10 23.90 26.25 27.46 30.13 34.09 34.17 33.86 35.86 38.09 JAPAN................... 1515 1547 1602 1712 1800 1882 1898 1853 1951 1941 1922 1861 1908 1853 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3746 4931 4909 5217 5740 5848 5592 6011 6884 8179 8625 8409 9252 TAIWAN.................. 118.9 124.8 125.9 137.2 136.9 151.0 147.3 147.8 157.4 168.5 165.1 156.3 160.2 166.8 AUSTRIA................. 171.4 177.7 186.9 194.1 205.4 212.4 217.6 #15.99 16.39 16.79 17.24 17.72 18.13 18.80 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 657.6 666.6 680.5 701.6 #17.75 18.54 19.08 20.09 20.43 21.07 21.47 DENMARK................. 109.2 113.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 68.55 72.20 73.52 77.83 80.31 82.48 83.01 #14.67 15.67 16.43 17.36 17.27 18.19 18.76 FRANCE.................. 75.14 75.92 76.91 77.72 78.66 80.77 82.38 #12.75 13.34 13.88 14.38 14.82 15.27 15.81 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33.13 #17.01 17.64 18.08 18.54 18.72 18.80 18.89 GREECE.................. 1419 1622 1778 1991 2144 2362 2456 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 6.79 7.04 7.20 7.30 7.48 7.60 8.05 #10.90 11.68 13.11 13.64 13.88 14.01 14.68 ITALY................... 20711 21554 22528 23002 23870 24626 25020 #13.29 13.68 14.33 14.99 16.47 17.55 18.19 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 839.2 868.7 897.1 #23.32 24.35 24.53 25.12 25.83 27.23 28.10 NETHERLANDS............. 32.42 33.55 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 123.7 124.6 126.6 131.4 137.3 142.6 152.7 159.0 163.5 174.4 174.1 182.5 192.3 201.2 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 7.62 8.73 9.60 10.14 11.02 11.44 11.48 11.68 12.06 SPAIN................... 1161 1222 1196 1252 1288 1363 1387 #8.62 9.32 9.85 10.09 10.71 11.17 11.60 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 6.32 6.52 6.72 7.12 7.48 7.80 8.21 8.76 9.26 9.58 9.82 10.24 10.64 10.90 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 16 APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 27 26 23 14 13 11 9 9 10 13 CANADA.................. 113 103 97 93 103 99 87 83 83 74 77 85 102 105 MEXICO.................. 15 17 21 12 11 11 10 10 11 13 14 13 13 13 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 124 124 135 120 99 109 96 88 104 128 145 166 ISRAEL.................. 50 48 50 56 57 59 54 53 56 56 55 53 55 57 JAPAN (1)............... 97 107 118 129 108 96 85 101 106 87 86 91 94 92 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 39 44 49 52 46 30 38 40 36 42 46 48 60 TAIWAN.................. 43 43 44 46 43 42 36 37 39 34 36 33 35 37 AUSTRIA................. 141 138 143 158 152 129 124 117 97 97 110 124 137 135 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 191 178 149 146 139 120 115 126 146 161 158 DENMARK................. 188 178 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 149 120 133 154 150 130 119 119 105 99 113 120 144 143 FRANCE.................. 139 129 129 139 134 116 113 108 93 90 100 117 129 127 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 158 150 130 126 137 158 169 164 IRELAND................. 94 82 85 94 95 92 87 86 78 81 92 109 123 123 ITALY................... 169 130 123 116 119 104 106 107 95 94 103 127 145 144 NETHERLANDS............. 158 158 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 211 179 175 196 199 181 174 171 148 150 170 190 206 216 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 18 19 18 16 17 18 18 19 21 SPAIN................... 100 83 80 84 88 78 73 69 56 57 65 78 89 90 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 101 87 89 93 94 100 105 107 102 99 100 107 123 123 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 17 APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 8.60 8.81 9.06 9.48 9.75 10.12 10.58 10.81 11.40 11.68 11.63 12.30 12.57 13.11 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.60 2.58 2.47 1.48 1.49 1.24 1.04 1.12 1.25 1.71 CANADA.................. 9.71 9.08 8.76 8.79 10.00 9.99 9.18 9.01 9.44 8.62 9.01 10.40 12.82 13.80 MEXICO.................. 1.32 1.49 1.87 1.15 1.08 1.11 1.02 1.11 1.28 1.46 1.58 1.58 1.62 1.71 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 11.19 11.79 13.13 12.12 10.50 11.82 10.94 10.25 12.15 15.75 18.27 21.73 ISRAEL.................. 4.26 4.21 4.50 5.28 5.53 5.96 5.67 5.78 6.41 6.55 6.38 6.56 6.85 7.49 JAPAN (1)............... 8.37 9.42 10.67 12.21 10.57 9.71 8.97 10.93 12.08 10.13 9.98 11.13 11.81 12.11 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3.39 4.01 4.63 5.03 4.66 3.18 4.16 4.59 4.26 4.88 5.63 6.05 7.92 TAIWAN.................. 3.72 3.79 4.03 4.35 4.20 4.23 3.76 4.02 4.39 3.94 4.14 4.07 4.41 4.90 AUSTRIA................. 12.13 12.19 12.96 14.98 14.86 13.07 13.13 12.62 11.04 11.39 12.77 15.25 17.17 17.70 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 18.13 17.34 15.11 15.46 15.02 13.63 13.39 14.66 17.92 20.22 20.70 DENMARK................. 16.19 15.65 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 12.85 10.60 12.02 14.61 14.65 13.13 12.60 12.92 12.03 11.53 13.14 14.79 18.10 18.81 FRANCE.................. 11.92 11.32 11.67 13.19 13.06 11.76 11.92 11.67 10.57 10.55 11.60 14.36 16.25 16.69 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.67 16.21 14.79 14.71 15.97 19.38 21.19 21.46 IRELAND................. 8.06 7.25 7.72 8.88 9.26 9.28 9.20 9.34 8.85 9.51 10.71 13.40 15.45 16.09 ITALY................... 14.53 11.41 11.17 11.02 11.62 10.52 11.18 11.56 10.84 10.93 12.04 15.63 18.17 18.85 NETHERLANDS............. 13.55 13.89 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 18.14 15.76 15.89 18.62 19.42 18.29 18.36 18.49 16.83 17.58 19.78 23.38 25.89 28.34 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 1.87 2.00 1.91 1.82 2.04 2.07 2.25 2.44 2.81 SPAIN................... 8.62 7.27 7.25 8.01 8.55 7.89 7.68 7.49 6.41 6.66 7.55 9.62 11.20 11.77 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 8.66 7.66 8.03 8.81 9.15 10.11 11.08 11.57 11.59 11.62 11.59 13.17 15.46 16.11 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 18 APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 8.60 8.81 9.06 9.48 9.75 10.12 10.58 10.81 11.40 11.68 11.63 12.30 12.57 13.11 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.62 2.78 2.87 2.70 2.73 2.91 3.03 3.43 3.66 4.16 CANADA.................. 11.74 11.71 11.97 12.07 13.64 13.84 13.62 13.39 14.02 13.34 14.14 14.57 16.69 16.73 MEXICO.................. 4078 #4.64 6.30 7.39 8.18 8.78 9.30 10.65 12.10 13.64 15.30 17.09 18.33 18.68 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 15.30 15.92 16.77 16.30 16.69 18.31 18.82 19.83 22.34 24.15 24.81 28.49 ISRAEL.................. 10.48 11.90 13.56 15.89 17.66 20.57 21.56 23.91 26.14 27.54 30.25 29.86 30.72 33.61 JAPAN (1)............... 1061 1046 1090 1147 1150 1176 1175 1243 1302 1232 1250 1290 1278 1333 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 2724 3226 3571 4045 4434 4455 4950 5189 5506 6098 6707 6923 8114 TAIWAN.................. 93.64 100.0 106.6 115.3 115.3 121.6 126.2 130.1 137.3 133.4 142.9 140.1 147.1 157.5 AUSTRIA................. 133.3 141.9 147.8 151.0 157.3 159.6 162.5 #11.85 11.96 12.72 13.51 13.47 13.80 14.22 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 534.1 537.0 541.0 561.4 #14.10 14.76 14.96 15.51 15.83 16.25 16.63 DENMARK................. 97.71 101.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 57.66 60.71 62.90 63.94 67.31 68.20 67.37 #12.13 13.03 12.88 13.90 13.06 14.55 15.11 FRANCE.................. 63.13 64.15 64.74 65.78 66.79 68.68 70.35 #10.96 11.45 11.79 12.27 12.68 13.07 13.41 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.34 #15.22 16.02 16.44 16.90 17.12 17.04 17.24 IRELAND................. 4.73 4.95 5.15 5.54 5.79 6.12 6.45 #8.76 9.59 10.62 11.33 11.83 12.42 12.93 ITALY................... 17905 17941 17991 17944 17927 17919 19414 #10.85 11.74 12.21 12.73 13.81 14.61 15.14 NETHERLANDS............. 23.83 25.80 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 112.7 111.9 112.1 118.0 125.4 129.6 138.7 144.3 148.3 158.2 157.9 165.5 174.5 182.5 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 6.13 6.97 7.56 7.92 8.37 8.46 8.73 8.94 9.08 SPAIN................... 883.2 926.8 970.4 997.4 1084 1156 1148 #7.03 6.94 7.44 7.99 8.50 9.00 9.45 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 4.90 5.10 5.24 5.58 5.86 6.17 6.69 7.15 7.65 8.07 7.72 8.06 8.44 8.85 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 19 TEXTILES AND APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 30 29 25 15 15 12 10 10 11 14 CANADA.................. 110 100 95 92 99 95 82 79 79 72 74 82 98 103 MEXICO.................. 17 18 20 12 11 11 9 10 11 12 13 12 12 12 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 116 115 125 112 93 100 88 78 88 108 121 132 ISRAEL.................. 53 50 52 53 55 56 53 50 53 55 50 49 51 53 JAPAN (1)............... 100 111 122 134 110 98 86 99 105 87 83 86 91 87 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 42 52 53 54 48 32 36 39 37 43 46 46 56 TAIWAN.................. 43 43 43 45 42 42 34 35 36 34 33 30 31 33 AUSTRIA................. 143 138 145 161 157 135 130 122 103 100 108 125 139 138 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 195 182 155 151 144 125 121 132 153 170 168 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 18 18 17 16 18 21 25 28 30 FINLAND................. 142 115 126 148 143 125 115 113 100 97 107 119 139 139 FRANCE.................. 134 124 125 133 128 111 107 101 87 85 92 108 119 119 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 149 140 120 116 124 143 154 150 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 17 21 23 26 28 IRELAND................. 97 85 88 93 93 89 85 84 76 80 87 102 112 113 ITALY................... 160 126 123 117 122 109 106 103 89 88 95 119 136 136 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 16 15 16 17 17 18 20 SPAIN................... 100 83 78 82 84 75 70 67 57 57 62 75 85 85 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 98 85 88 91 92 108 100 101 96 92 96 104 119 118 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 20 TEXTILES AND APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 9.85 10.05 10.31 10.85 11.20 11.60 12.19 12.58 13.21 13.63 13.85 14.57 14.88 15.41 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.34 3.32 3.10 1.87 1.93 1.60 1.36 1.46 1.64 2.18 CANADA.................. 10.85 10.04 9.77 9.98 11.11 11.03 10.01 9.94 10.47 9.79 10.21 11.88 14.54 15.80 MEXICO.................. 1.66 1.82 2.10 1.28 1.20 1.24 1.15 1.26 1.43 1.63 1.75 1.74 1.74 1.89 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 11.94 12.52 14.04 13.05 11.32 12.63 11.62 10.58 12.21 15.67 18.01 20.32 ISRAEL.................. 5.25 5.06 5.40 5.76 6.13 6.52 6.43 6.32 7.03 7.50 6.93 7.16 7.64 8.16 JAPAN (1)............... 9.81 11.18 12.59 14.52 12.27 11.37 10.52 12.44 13.82 11.84 11.55 12.56 13.50 13.48 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4.22 5.31 5.77 6.01 5.58 3.86 4.53 5.10 4.99 5.99 6.71 6.90 8.65 TAIWAN.................. 4.27 4.31 4.44 4.84 4.66 4.84 4.15 4.37 4.81 4.63 4.57 4.39 4.68 5.10 AUSTRIA................. 14.06 13.90 14.94 17.52 17.55 15.71 15.90 15.37 13.58 13.63 14.94 18.26 20.67 21.24 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 21.20 20.40 18.03 18.43 18.14 16.47 16.48 18.32 22.35 25.35 25.90 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.08 2.23 2.14 2.05 2.40 2.95 3.61 4.13 4.62 FINLAND................. 13.96 11.52 12.95 16.05 16.04 14.46 14.00 14.27 13.27 13.16 14.87 17.30 20.68 21.48 FRANCE.................. 13.18 12.46 12.87 14.49 14.30 12.89 13.05 12.73 11.54 11.61 12.71 15.70 17.78 18.37 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.20 17.59 15.89 15.81 17.17 20.80 22.91 23.08 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.96 2.32 2.89 3.38 3.86 4.25 IRELAND................. 9.57 8.57 9.04 10.09 10.47 10.33 10.32 10.53 10.01 10.95 12.09 14.87 16.67 17.45 ITALY................... 15.78 12.65 12.68 12.68 13.65 12.60 12.90 12.96 11.81 11.99 13.22 17.29 20.20 20.96 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.03 2.17 2.07 1.98 2.24 2.31 2.48 2.70 3.13 SPAIN................... 9.87 8.32 8.02 8.95 9.41 8.65 8.52 8.38 7.54 7.77 8.57 10.91 12.59 13.15 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.66 8.50 9.06 9.93 10.30 12.49 12.22 12.74 12.70 12.61 13.26 15.17 17.72 18.15 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 21 TEXTILES AND APPAREL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-315) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 9.85 10.05 10.31 10.85 11.20 11.60 12.19 12.58 13.21 13.63 13.85 14.57 14.88 15.41 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.35 3.58 3.60 3.41 3.53 3.77 3.98 4.49 4.80 5.32 CANADA.................. 13.11 12.95 13.35 13.71 15.16 15.27 14.86 14.77 15.56 15.16 16.03 16.64 18.92 19.15 MEXICO.................. 5143 #5.67 7.08 8.19 9.09 9.84 10.57 12.00 13.55 15.17 16.91 18.78 19.68 20.58 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 16.32 16.90 17.93 17.55 18.01 19.56 19.98 20.47 22.45 24.03 24.46 26.64 ISRAEL.................. 12.90 14.31 16.27 17.35 19.58 22.49 24.44 26.16 28.66 31.54 32.81 32.59 34.22 36.64 JAPAN (1)............... 1244 1242 1287 1364 1335 1376 1378 1415 1490 1440 1447 1455 1460 1484 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3388 4270 4453 4832 5303 5399 5396 5764 6449 7490 7995 7903 8861 TAIWAN.................. 107.4 113.8 117.6 128.2 128.0 139.3 139.3 141.4 150.4 156.4 157.8 151.1 156.1 164.0 AUSTRIA................. 154.5 161.8 170.5 176.6 185.8 191.8 196.8 #14.43 14.71 15.22 15.81 16.13 16.62 17.07 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 624.7 631.9 645.6 669.1 #17.02 17.84 18.40 19.38 19.74 20.38 20.80 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 65.86 71.83 73.81 79.16 91.29 96.67 101.9 106.3 110.6 FINLAND................. 62.64 65.96 67.78 70.24 73.69 75.13 74.86 #13.40 14.37 14.70 15.73 15.28 16.63 17.26 FRANCE.................. 69.78 70.63 71.35 72.22 73.15 75.26 76.97 #11.95 12.50 12.96 13.45 13.87 14.29 14.76 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 32.04 #16.51 17.21 17.66 18.16 18.37 18.42 18.54 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 553.8 663.5 744.5 758.7 782.8 848.8 IRELAND................. 5.62 5.85 6.04 6.29 6.55 6.81 7.25 #9.88 10.85 12.23 12.79 13.13 13.40 14.02 ITALY................... 19441 19894 20425 20654 21056 21469 22404 #12.16 12.79 13.39 13.98 15.27 16.24 16.84 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 6.66 7.56 8.22 8.62 9.18 9.41 9.65 9.89 10.12 SPAIN................... 1010 1061 1073 1116 1193 1267 1273 #7.87 8.17 8.68 9.07 9.63 10.12 10.56 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 5.47 5.66 5.92 6.29 6.60 7.63 7.38 7.88 8.38 8.76 8.83 9.28 9.67 9.97 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 22 LEATHER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 25 23 20 13 12 10 9 9 10 13 CANADA.................. 92 87 83 81 87 81 74 71 70 62 65 68 73 80 MEXICO.................. 19 19 20 11 10 10 9 10 10 11 12 11 11 12 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 112 108 112 102 88 94 80 69 80 96 111 118 ISRAEL.................. 47 44 45 48 53 53 51 51 53 47 44 41 39 43 JAPAN (1)............... 111 129 135 142 113 105 100 116 106 89 87 84 90 86 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 37 35 39 44 40 28 35 37 34 41 46 52 64 TAIWAN.................. 39 40 38 42 41 37 33 35 33 30 31 30 29 32 AUSTRIA................. 129 121 123 142 132 112 108 100 84 78 85 98 108 109 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 182 171 143 141 134 116 107 117 132 148 153 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 16 15 15 20 22 25 28 DENMARK................. 163 150 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 127 101 104 132 131 107 96 107 93 86 89 92 114 123 FRANCE.................. 131 119 118 128 120 104 101 97 83 79 87 99 112 116 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 129 123 108 102 110 125 135 136 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 16 19 22 26 27 IRELAND................. 95 84 81 85 79 77 72 72 62 65 70 81 88 98 ITALY................... 167 128 120 116 119 103 102 99 86 82 89 106 123 128 NORWAY.................. 174 149 148 164 160 146 142 142 123 122 137 150 166 182 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 17 16 15 16 16 16 17 20 SPAIN................... 95 79 73 78 80 67 66 62 53 52 58 66 77 81 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 106 93 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. Includes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 23 LEATHER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 10.35 10.75 11.19 11.53 12.02 12.56 12.97 13.19 13.87 14.64 14.69 15.84 15.90 15.83 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.98 2.85 2.61 1.66 1.73 1.45 1.31 1.43 1.57 2.06 CANADA.................. 9.55 9.38 9.28 9.31 10.51 10.20 9.63 9.41 9.77 9.11 9.54 10.70 11.65 12.68 MEXICO.................. 1.96 2.02 2.22 1.32 1.23 1.28 1.20 1.28 1.44 1.63 1.75 1.75 1.81 1.94 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 12.49 12.43 13.44 12.83 11.45 12.37 11.04 10.11 11.76 15.27 17.69 18.63 ISRAEL.................. 4.88 4.68 5.07 5.56 6.37 6.62 6.58 6.69 7.34 6.89 6.51 6.56 6.17 6.73 JAPAN (1)............... 11.48 13.89 15.10 16.35 13.61 13.19 12.93 15.30 14.77 12.96 12.77 13.27 14.34 13.54 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3.94 3.94 4.45 5.24 5.08 3.69 4.57 5.13 5.01 6.04 7.28 8.20 10.19 TAIWAN.................. 4.08 4.25 4.26 4.84 4.88 4.68 4.25 4.63 4.64 4.39 4.49 4.73 4.62 5.13 AUSTRIA................. 13.38 13.00 13.73 16.36 15.83 14.05 13.96 13.20 11.62 11.48 12.49 15.51 17.23 17.32 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 20.99 20.60 18.02 18.24 17.68 16.03 15.68 17.13 20.87 23.53 24.23 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.10 2.28 2.18 2.04 2.24 2.99 3.41 3.99 4.39 DENMARK................. 16.88 16.14 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 13.17 10.87 11.64 15.26 15.70 13.39 12.49 14.07 12.86 12.62 13.06 14.61 18.15 19.48 FRANCE.................. 13.53 12.79 13.18 14.75 14.47 13.06 13.05 12.76 11.55 11.60 12.74 15.71 17.75 18.29 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.74 16.27 14.97 14.99 16.21 19.81 21.44 21.51 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.01 2.34 2.81 3.45 4.07 4.31 IRELAND................. 9.82 8.98 9.08 9.84 9.55 9.65 9.28 9.48 8.58 9.54 10.32 12.85 14.02 15.55 ITALY................... 17.32 13.71 13.45 13.42 14.26 13.00 13.17 13.12 11.86 11.98 13.09 16.85 19.59 20.28 NORWAY.................. 17.99 15.97 16.61 18.95 19.30 18.31 18.48 18.71 17.13 17.89 20.13 23.79 26.34 28.84 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.12 2.18 2.15 2.07 2.31 2.37 2.48 2.71 3.17 SPAIN................... 9.86 8.50 8.15 9.02 9.58 8.40 8.50 8.15 7.29 7.63 8.51 10.44 12.22 12.86 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 11.02 10.00 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. Includes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 24 LEATHER AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 10.35 10.75 11.19 11.53 12.02 12.56 12.97 13.19 13.87 14.64 14.69 15.84 15.90 15.83 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.99 3.08 3.03 3.02 3.17 3.41 3.84 4.40 4.59 5.01 CANADA.................. 11.54 12.10 12.67 12.79 14.34 14.12 14.29 13.98 14.52 14.12 14.98 14.99 15.17 15.36 MEXICO.................. 6066 #6.29 7.48 8.49 9.37 10.14 10.97 12.23 13.63 15.18 16.89 18.88 20.45 21.11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.07 16.78 17.16 17.25 18.20 19.16 18.99 19.56 21.63 23.40 24.02 24.43 ISRAEL.................. 12.00 13.24 15.25 16.75 20.33 22.85 25.00 27.72 29.94 28.98 30.86 29.87 27.63 30.20 JAPAN (1)............... 1455 1543 1543 1536 1481 1597 1693 1740 1592 1576 1600 1538 1551 1491 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3160 3165 3433 4212 4830 5173 5438 5798 6475 7544 8682 9389 10436 TAIWAN.................. 102.7 112.3 112.6 128.3 134.1 134.6 142.5 149.5 145.0 148.3 155.1 162.7 154.2 164.7 AUSTRIA................. 147.0 151.3 156.7 164.9 167.6 171.5 172.9 #12.39 12.59 12.82 13.21 13.70 13.86 13.92 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 618.5 637.9 645.4 662.4 #16.60 17.36 17.52 18.12 18.44 18.92 19.46 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 66.56 73.69 75.19 78.64 85.14 97.87 96.25 102.5 105.3 DENMARK................. 101.9 104.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 59.11 62.24 60.91 66.76 72.13 69.59 66.80 #13.21 13.93 14.10 13.81 12.91 14.59 15.65 FRANCE.................. 71.63 72.46 73.11 73.54 74.04 76.24 76.97 #11.98 12.52 12.95 13.47 13.87 14.27 14.69 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.46 #15.27 16.22 16.74 17.14 17.50 17.24 17.28 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 568.2 671.0 724.2 773.1 824.7 860.7 IRELAND................. 5.76 6.13 6.07 6.14 5.97 6.36 6.52 #8.90 9.30 10.66 10.92 11.35 11.27 12.49 ITALY................... 21337 21563 21664 21853 22004 22144 22882 #12.32 12.85 13.39 13.84 14.88 15.75 16.29 NORWAY.................. 111.8 113.3 117.2 120.0 124.6 129.7 139.6 146.1 150.9 160.9 160.7 168.4 177.5 185.7 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 6.96 7.59 8.54 9.02 9.44 9.67 9.66 9.93 10.27 SPAIN................... 1009 1083 1091 1123 1213 1230 1270 #7.65 7.90 8.52 9.00 9.22 9.82 10.33 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 6.24 6.66 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. Includes leather and fur gloves and mittens. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 25 TEXTILES, APPAREL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 29 27 24 14 14 11 10 10 11 14 CANADA.................. 108 99 94 91 98 94 82 78 79 71 73 80 95 100 MEXICO.................. 17 18 20 12 11 11 10 10 11 12 13 12 12 12 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 120 115 124 116 99 105 91 79 89 108 122 134 ISRAEL.................. 53 50 52 53 55 56 53 50 53 55 50 49 50 52 JAPAN (1)............... 100 112 123 134 110 99 87 100 105 87 84 86 91 87 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 41 49 51 53 47 31 36 38 36 43 46 47 57 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 46 47 46 45 40 37 38 33 34 37 34 TAIWAN.................. 43 43 43 44 42 41 34 35 36 34 32 30 31 33 AUSTRIA................. 141 136 142 159 153 132 127 119 100 96 104 121 134 133 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 194 181 155 151 144 124 120 132 152 169 168 DENMARK................. 173 164 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 141 114 123 146 142 122 112 113 100 95 104 114 135 137 FRANCE.................. 134 124 125 133 127 111 106 100 87 84 91 107 118 118 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 142 133 119 114 122 140 151 147 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 18 17 17 16 15 17 21 23 26 28 IRELAND................. 99 87 89 92 92 88 83 82 74 79 86 100 110 112 ITALY................... 161 126 123 117 122 108 106 103 89 87 95 117 134 134 NETHERLANDS............. 165 162 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 18 18 16 15 16 17 17 18 20 SPAIN................... 100 83 78 82 84 74 70 66 57 57 62 74 84 85 SWEDEN.................. 213 150 155 166 183 164 157 150 135 119 131 154 173 171 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 98 85 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 26 TEXTILES, APPAREL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 9.89 10.10 10.37 10.90 11.25 11.66 12.23 12.62 13.25 13.69 13.90 14.64 14.94 15.43 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.23 3.18 2.95 1.80 1.86 1.55 1.35 1.45 1.61 2.14 CANADA.................. 10.68 9.97 9.72 9.92 11.06 10.96 9.98 9.90 10.42 9.73 10.14 11.76 14.23 15.46 MEXICO.................. 1.72 1.86 2.12 1.29 1.20 1.25 1.16 1.26 1.43 1.63 1.75 1.74 1.76 1.90 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 12.41 12.56 13.96 13.49 12.13 13.30 12.05 10.86 12.38 15.84 18.16 20.66 ISRAEL.................. 5.21 5.02 5.37 5.74 6.16 6.53 6.45 6.34 7.05 7.46 6.90 7.12 7.53 8.06 JAPAN (1)............... 9.91 11.35 12.75 14.63 12.35 11.49 10.68 12.63 13.88 11.92 11.64 12.61 13.56 13.48 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4.15 5.05 5.57 5.91 5.52 3.84 4.54 5.10 4.99 6.00 6.77 7.03 8.80 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 5.02 5.33 5.39 5.49 5.07 4.97 5.22 4.58 4.91 5.51 5.27 TAIWAN.................. 4.24 4.31 4.41 4.84 4.70 4.81 4.16 4.41 4.79 4.60 4.49 4.43 4.67 5.11 AUSTRIA................. 13.95 13.76 14.74 17.33 17.25 15.41 15.54 14.96 13.20 13.20 14.42 17.69 19.94 20.46 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 21.19 20.41 18.03 18.42 18.12 16.46 16.45 18.29 22.31 25.31 25.86 DENMARK................. 17.10 16.56 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 13.91 11.48 12.80 15.89 15.97 14.26 13.69 14.24 13.19 13.06 14.50 16.73 20.17 21.09 FRANCE.................. 13.24 12.52 12.92 14.53 14.32 12.89 12.98 12.67 11.49 11.54 12.66 15.63 17.68 18.24 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.42 16.83 15.74 15.66 16.97 20.56 22.58 22.74 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 1.99 2.00 2.04 2.04 1.97 2.32 2.87 3.40 3.89 4.25 IRELAND................. 9.74 8.79 9.24 10.04 10.37 10.24 10.20 10.39 9.85 10.80 11.94 14.71 16.49 17.33 ITALY................... 15.96 12.77 12.75 12.76 13.71 12.63 12.91 12.95 11.78 11.94 13.14 17.12 19.98 20.72 NETHERLANDS............. 16.35 16.32 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.04 2.17 2.08 1.99 2.25 2.31 2.48 2.71 3.13 SPAIN................... 9.88 8.36 8.05 8.97 9.44 8.59 8.51 8.33 7.49 7.74 8.56 10.81 12.51 13.09 SWEDEN.................. 21.10 15.19 16.02 18.06 20.61 19.07 19.26 18.91 17.87 16.27 18.19 22.49 25.86 26.37 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.72 8.57 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 27 TEXTILES, APPAREL AND ALLIED PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 313-316) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 9.89 10.10 10.37 10.90 11.25 11.66 12.23 12.62 13.25 13.69 13.90 14.64 14.94 15.43 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.24 3.43 3.42 3.29 3.41 3.64 3.93 4.45 4.72 5.21 CANADA.................. 12.91 12.87 13.28 13.62 15.09 15.17 14.81 14.71 15.48 15.07 15.93 16.48 18.53 18.74 MEXICO.................. 5335 #5.80 7.16 8.25 9.15 9.90 10.64 12.04 13.57 15.18 16.92 18.80 19.83 20.68 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 16.96 16.96 17.82 18.14 19.29 20.60 20.73 21.01 22.77 24.29 24.66 27.08 ISRAEL.................. 12.81 14.20 16.17 17.29 19.65 22.52 24.50 26.27 28.74 31.40 32.69 32.41 33.76 36.15 JAPAN (1)............... 1257 1261 1303 1375 1344 1391 1399 1436 1496 1449 1458 1461 1467 1485 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3332 4061 4298 4754 5245 5372 5403 5767 6451 7494 8064 8051 9016 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 7.11 7.52 8.01 9.18 8.59 8.57 9.36 8.20 8.56 9.31 8.77 TAIWAN.................. 106.6 113.7 116.8 128.3 129.1 138.6 139.7 142.5 149.7 155.4 155.1 152.5 155.9 164.1 AUSTRIA................. 153.4 160.2 168.2 174.7 182.7 188.2 192.4 #14.04 14.30 14.75 15.26 15.62 16.04 16.44 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 624.3 632.1 645.7 668.9 #17.01 17.83 18.38 19.35 19.71 20.35 20.77 DENMARK................. 103.2 107.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 62.42 65.74 67.02 69.54 73.39 74.07 73.21 #13.36 14.29 14.58 15.34 14.78 16.22 16.94 FRANCE.................. 70.09 70.94 71.65 72.44 73.28 75.25 76.57 #11.90 12.45 12.90 13.39 13.80 14.21 14.65 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.65 #15.80 17.05 17.49 17.95 18.16 18.15 18.27 HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 303.6 373.6 436.9 484.1 556.5 665.0 740.3 762.5 788.2 849.0 IRELAND................. 5.72 6.00 6.18 6.26 6.48 6.75 7.16 #9.76 10.67 12.07 12.63 12.99 13.26 13.92 ITALY................... 19660 20092 20544 20794 21149 21526 22424 #12.16 12.77 13.34 13.90 15.12 16.07 16.65 NETHERLANDS............. 28.76 30.31 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 6.70 7.56 8.26 8.67 9.21 9.44 9.65 9.90 10.14 SPAIN................... 1011 1066 1078 1117 1197 1259 1272 #7.82 8.11 8.65 9.05 9.55 10.06 10.51 SWEDEN.................. 123.0 118.4 123.6 128.9 138.2 145.8 153.2 156.4 163.9 168.3 176.8 181.7 190.0 197.0 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 5.50 5.71 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 28 WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 321) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 18 17 17 10 10 9 8 9 10 13 CANADA.................. 136 130 122 123 123 117 108 106 104 95 98 111 119 129 MEXICO.................. 11 12 13 8 7 8 7 8 8 9 9 9 8 9 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 98 97 107 101 91 93 80 71 81 99 111 118 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 62 61 69 62 58 60 59 52 51 54 56 JAPAN................... 97 114 125 136 117 105 95 108 111 93 88 93 95 96 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 43 57 55 52 51 34 40 45 42 48 52 54 60 TAIWAN.................. 30 31 34 35 33 31 27 28 28 27 26 25 25 27 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 175 166 142 141 133 116 110 119 140 155 157 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 16 17 16 15 17 20 25 28 30 FINLAND................. 140 114 124 154 143 125 120 119 105 102 107 128 142 145 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 145 137 119 112 118 138 147 146 GREECE.................. 61 57 59 65 67 62 62 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 13 17 19 22 24 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 85 86 83 84 81 72 73 80 98 108 111 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 120 108 106 103 91 87 92 109 122 125 NORWAY.................. 154 134 138 156 156 143 143 144 126 124 143 162 179 187 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 17 15 16 17 17 18 21 SPAIN................... 78 66 62 67 73 60 60 59 51 50 53 61 70 74 SWEDEN.................. 186 131 136 151 166 148 144 137 123 108 118 141 156 157 UNITED KINGDOM.......... .. .. .. .. 85 90 94 94 90 84 85 94 106 104 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 29 WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 321) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 12.42 12.57 12.85 13.28 13.70 14.18 14.40 14.81 15.42 16.15 16.44 17.01 17.39 17.61 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.45 2.46 2.42 1.54 1.55 1.41 1.25 1.45 1.68 2.26 CANADA.................. 16.87 16.29 15.73 16.28 16.88 16.62 15.51 15.68 16.00 15.30 16.04 18.86 20.72 22.70 MEXICO.................. 1.37 1.51 1.70 1.05 1.02 1.09 1.05 1.13 1.27 1.43 1.52 1.50 1.42 1.57 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 12.55 12.87 14.64 14.39 13.12 13.71 12.29 11.52 13.32 16.87 19.36 20.83 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 8.18 8.39 9.74 8.96 8.65 9.18 9.48 8.53 8.61 9.33 9.82 JAPAN................... 11.99 14.31 16.00 18.11 15.99 14.86 13.70 16.07 17.11 15.03 14.51 15.82 16.59 16.90 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5.35 7.36 7.29 7.07 7.16 4.87 5.87 7.00 6.75 7.84 8.82 9.45 10.55 TAIWAN.................. 3.70 3.95 4.42 4.68 4.52 4.35 3.94 4.12 4.25 4.40 4.31 4.25 4.42 4.83 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 23.28 22.74 20.11 20.25 19.64 17.82 17.71 19.53 23.83 26.87 27.64 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.28 2.41 2.41 2.31 2.68 3.32 4.27 4.90 5.31 FINLAND................. 17.38 14.34 15.88 20.49 19.61 17.78 17.32 17.70 16.13 16.44 17.64 21.81 24.64 25.45 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.94 20.24 18.30 18.04 19.42 23.45 25.54 25.65 GREECE.................. 7.60 7.19 7.59 8.67 9.14 8.85 8.89 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.79 2.16 2.78 3.27 3.88 4.29 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 11.27 11.79 11.73 12.10 12.02 11.14 11.77 13.20 16.61 18.83 19.50 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 16.43 15.33 15.28 15.25 14.04 14.02 15.20 18.58 21.23 21.94 NORWAY.................. 19.15 16.90 17.67 20.66 21.39 20.33 20.64 21.28 19.39 20.01 23.55 27.64 31.05 32.93 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.37 2.54 2.47 2.37 2.62 2.75 2.88 3.15 3.66 SPAIN................... 9.73 8.32 7.96 8.86 9.98 8.53 8.66 8.69 7.91 8.13 8.74 10.31 12.17 13.08 SWEDEN.................. 23.10 16.51 17.49 20.02 22.71 20.98 20.67 20.28 18.95 17.40 19.35 23.99 27.19 27.66 UNITED KINGDOM.......... .. .. .. .. 11.68 12.78 13.55 13.90 13.93 13.49 14.05 15.92 18.39 18.39 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 30 WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 321) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 12.42 12.57 12.85 13.28 13.70 14.18 14.40 14.81 15.42 16.15 16.44 17.01 17.39 17.61 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 2.46 2.66 2.81 2.80 2.84 3.32 3.66 4.47 4.90 5.51 CANADA.................. 20.39 21.02 21.49 22.35 23.03 23.02 23.02 23.31 23.77 23.69 25.18 26.43 26.97 27.52 MEXICO.................. 4253 #4.71 5.75 6.76 7.74 8.67 9.64 10.79 12.01 13.32 14.70 16.22 16.05 17.06 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.16 17.37 18.70 19.36 20.86 21.23 21.13 22.29 24.49 25.86 26.29 27.31 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 24.62 26.78 33.59 34.03 35.79 37.42 39.87 40.43 39.23 41.81 44.08 JAPAN................... 1520 1589 1636 1702 1739 1800 1795 1827 1844 1828 1817 1833 1796 1860 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4297 5912 5624 5686 6812 6819 6990 7918 8721 9801 10519 10819 10807 TAIWAN.................. 93.20 104.4 117.1 124.1 124.3 125.2 132.3 133.2 132.9 148.8 148.7 146.3 147.4 155.1 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 686.1 704.3 720.0 735.2 #18.44 19.31 19.78 20.66 21.05 21.60 22.21 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 72.42 77.86 83.48 89.04 101.8 108.7 120.4 126.0 127.3 FINLAND................. 77.98 82.10 83.09 89.67 90.11 92.39 92.58 #16.61 17.47 18.36 18.66 19.26 19.81 20.44 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.85 #19.00 19.82 20.16 20.54 20.71 20.54 20.61 GREECE.................. 1448 1649 1842 2009 2199 2417 2627 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 505.2 617.9 717.6 732.8 786.5 856.8 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 7.03 7.37 7.73 8.49 #11.28 12.07 13.15 13.97 14.67 15.14 15.66 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 508.7 548.4 554.7 #14.31 15.21 15.67 16.08 16.41 17.07 17.63 NORWAY.................. 119.0 119.9 124.7 130.9 138.2 144.1 155.9 166.1 170.9 180.0 188.0 195.7 209.3 212.1 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 7.76 8.85 9.79 10.31 10.73 11.22 11.21 11.53 11.84 SPAIN................... 996.0 1060 1065 1104 1264 1250 1294 #8.16 8.57 9.08 9.25 9.11 9.79 10.51 SWEDEN.................. 134.6 128.7 135.0 143.0 152.3 160.4 164.4 167.8 173.8 180.0 188.0 193.9 199.8 206.6 UNITED KINGDOM.......... .. .. .. .. 7.48 7.81 8.18 8.60 9.19 9.37 9.36 9.74 10.04 10.09 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 31 PAPER MANUFACTURING (NAICS 322) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 37 35 32 20 21 16 14 14 16 20 CANADA.................. 121 113 106 107 105 102 95 95 93 88 83 90 94 102 MEXICO.................. 14 15 16 10 9 9 8 9 9 10 9 9 8 9 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 93 91 94 94 83 86 73 66 73 90 104 114 ISRAEL.................. 39 37 38 41 42 44 42 40 40 39 33 34 35 35 JAPAN................... 89 102 111 119 101 93 82 94 96 83 75 76 79 78 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 29 34 36 38 38 29 37 41 34 38 38 39 47 TAIWAN.................. 34 32 35 37 35 34 25 27 28 26 23 20 21 21 AUSTRIA................. 125 117 122 140 137 115 111 110 93 88 92 111 120 121 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 130 123 106 104 102 89 83 86 100 108 109 DENMARK................. 126 118 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 141 113 125 154 148 132 129 132 116 112 117 138 154 159 FRANCE.................. 106 97 99 108 103 90 87 84 72 70 73 86 93 94 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 112 109 94 89 91 107 113 113 GREECE.................. 42 40 41 44 44 40 37 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 78 70 72 78 78 72 70 72 60 60 65 80 90 88 ITALY................... 133 103 101 100 104 95 87 83 69 65 70 85 95 96 NETHERLANDS............. 123 119 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 126 108 110 127 129 117 113 117 106 101 105 120 129 139 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16 16 16 14 15 15 16 16 19 SPAIN................... 79 64 62 67 68 60 59 58 50 50 52 60 71 69 SWEDEN.................. 155 108 112 124 141 127 121 121 109 94 98 116 126 128 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 82 71 75 79 79 85 87 88 82 77 81 85 97 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 32 PAPER MANUFACTURING (NAICS 322) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 18.15 18.72 19.14 19.79 20.38 20.93 21.72 21.68 22.68 23.91 25.04 26.22 27.19 27.45 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.56 7.39 6.93 4.28 4.73 3.93 3.41 3.70 4.28 5.44 CANADA.................. 21.90 21.18 20.35 21.09 21.34 21.37 20.69 20.68 21.17 20.98 20.90 23.72 25.48 28.08 MEXICO.................. 2.48 2.74 3.10 1.90 1.82 1.93 1.84 1.93 2.11 2.30 2.36 2.23 2.22 2.42 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.73 17.94 19.24 19.57 18.11 18.67 16.67 15.85 18.24 23.66 28.21 31.34 ISRAEL.................. 7.01 6.86 7.20 8.13 8.58 9.29 9.11 8.67 9.15 9.44 8.32 8.86 9.44 9.65 JAPAN................... 16.21 19.09 21.20 23.63 20.65 19.55 17.87 20.45 21.86 19.83 18.68 19.83 21.61 21.39 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5.50 6.45 7.17 7.83 7.98 6.22 7.98 9.26 8.19 9.59 10.05 10.63 12.90 TAIWAN.................. 6.10 6.08 6.65 7.33 7.23 7.04 5.39 5.87 6.39 6.13 5.72 5.37 5.80 5.83 AUSTRIA................. 22.68 21.81 23.37 27.61 27.84 24.02 24.08 23.80 21.03 21.06 23.15 29.09 32.67 33.30 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 25.66 25.10 22.13 22.52 22.08 20.17 19.73 21.41 26.23 29.42 30.04 DENMARK................. 22.82 22.01 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 25.63 21.24 23.96 30.55 30.11 27.64 28.01 28.54 26.21 26.66 29.42 36.21 41.81 43.61 FRANCE.................. 19.22 18.17 18.90 21.31 20.90 18.74 18.79 18.26 16.44 16.64 18.22 22.47 25.29 25.92 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 24.41 23.64 21.42 21.20 22.87 28.01 30.72 31.15 GREECE.................. 7.65 7.43 7.77 8.65 8.94 8.46 8.12 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 14.22 13.03 13.71 15.38 15.82 15.07 15.10 15.71 13.65 14.45 16.31 21.01 24.50 24.23 ITALY................... 24.13 19.32 19.25 19.76 21.28 19.83 18.87 18.00 15.65 15.63 17.45 22.41 25.70 26.32 NETHERLANDS............. 22.36 22.34 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 22.88 20.14 20.96 25.04 26.21 24.44 24.56 25.31 23.94 24.08 26.21 31.40 34.93 38.14 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.34 3.47 3.43 3.09 3.67 3.87 4.23 4.43 5.11 SPAIN................... 14.31 12.00 11.81 13.31 13.88 12.58 12.84 12.68 11.44 11.94 13.11 15.77 19.42 18.94 SWEDEN.................. 28.12 20.23 21.40 24.57 28.72 26.48 26.24 26.19 24.63 22.51 24.51 30.35 34.28 35.03 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 14.79 13.34 14.38 15.64 16.04 17.75 18.87 19.11 18.55 18.40 20.18 22.40 26.39 27.35 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 33 PAPER MANUFACTURING (NAICS 322) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 18.15 18.72 19.14 19.79 20.38 20.93 21.72 21.68 22.68 23.91 25.04 26.22 27.19 27.45 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.60 7.97 8.04 7.80 8.65 9.26 9.97 11.36 12.53 13.25 CANADA.................. 26.48 27.33 27.80 28.96 29.11 29.59 30.70 30.73 31.46 32.49 32.82 33.23 33.17 34.03 MEXICO.................. 7683 #8.54 10.45 12.20 13.82 15.30 16.86 18.47 19.99 21.47 22.80 24.10 25.09 26.31 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 24.23 24.22 24.56 26.33 28.79 28.93 28.67 30.68 33.55 36.28 38.31 41.08 ISRAEL.................. 17.25 19.40 21.67 24.47 27.39 32.05 34.61 35.89 37.32 39.69 39.42 40.36 42.29 43.33 JAPAN................... 2055 2121 2167 2220 2246 2368 2340 2325 2356 2411 2339 2299 2338 2355 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4413 5185 5529 6296 7587 8710 9494 10468 10582 11988 11979 12167 13207 TAIWAN.................. 153.6 160.6 176.0 194.2 198.5 202.6 180.9 189.9 199.9 207.2 197.7 184.9 193.4 187.3 AUSTRIA................. 249.3 253.9 266.6 278.3 294.8 293.3 298.1 #22.34 22.78 23.53 24.49 25.69 26.26 26.75 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 756.1 777.2 792.5 817.7 #20.73 21.84 22.05 22.65 23.17 23.65 24.13 DENMARK................. 137.8 142.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 115.0 121.6 125.4 133.7 138.4 143.6 149.7 #26.79 28.40 29.78 31.12 31.98 33.61 35.03 FRANCE.................. 101.8 103.0 104.8 106.3 106.9 109.4 110.9 #17.14 17.80 18.59 19.27 19.85 20.33 20.82 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 42.97 #22.20 23.20 23.69 24.19 24.75 24.70 25.02 GREECE.................. 1458 1703 1884 2004 2151 2310 2400 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 8.35 8.89 9.16 9.59 9.89 9.94 10.60 #14.75 14.78 16.14 17.25 18.56 19.70 19.47 ITALY................... 29731 30389 31017 32196 32836 33791 32777 #16.90 16.95 17.46 18.46 19.80 20.66 21.14 NETHERLANDS............. 39.33 41.50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 142.2 143.0 147.9 158.7 169.3 173.2 185.5 197.6 211.0 216.6 209.3 222.3 235.5 245.6 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 10.97 12.07 13.61 13.44 15.01 15.80 16.44 16.19 16.55 SPAIN................... 1466 1530 1581 1659 1759 1843 1918 #11.90 12.39 13.34 13.87 13.93 15.62 15.22 SWEDEN.................. 163.8 157.7 165.1 175.5 192.7 202.4 208.7 216.7 225.9 232.7 238.2 245.3 251.9 261.7 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 8.38 8.89 9.39 9.91 10.28 10.84 11.38 11.82 12.24 12.78 13.44 13.70 14.40 15.01 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 34 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 324) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 110 106 109 55 66 58 47 65 72 104 CANADA.................. 65 69 65 61 64 58 65 65 58 60 62 68 71 80 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 79 83 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 99 113 JAPAN................... 114 124 134 144 132 116 107 122 121 103 95 99 99 98 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 39 43 47 47 46 35 47 47 41 49 52 67 88 TAIWAN.................. 44 43 51 53 49 49 45 54 45 41 34 34 32 41 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 130 136 118 117 114 100 98 103 119 133 138 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 11 13 13 12 15 18 20 23 26 FINLAND................. 92 71 80 96 99 85 83 87 69 69 77 87 95 102 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 105 99 86 82 87 101 108 111 GREECE.................. 38 38 38 42 43 38 37 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 18 22 31 39 43 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16 18 17 17 19 20 20 22 27 SPAIN................... 94 81 80 88 101 84 84 81 72 71 77 94 103 105 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes processing of nuclear fuels; excludes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 35 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 324) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 26.59 28.19 29.00 29.99 29.22 31.03 31.42 31.58 32.56 33.63 34.30 36.02 36.51 36.22 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 32.22 32.77 34.27 17.32 21.37 19.34 16.26 23.52 26.19 37.60 CANADA.................. 17.19 19.52 18.79 18.35 18.65 18.04 20.53 20.50 18.94 20.11 21.35 24.43 25.91 28.90 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 22.98 24.89 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.15 40.75 JAPAN................... 30.20 34.96 38.83 43.27 38.52 36.10 33.68 38.39 39.51 34.47 32.58 35.69 35.97 35.66 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 10.94 12.45 13.96 13.84 14.21 10.94 14.94 15.32 13.94 16.64 18.82 24.46 32.01 TAIWAN.................. 11.61 12.00 14.75 15.99 14.35 15.07 14.28 17.19 14.68 13.85 11.78 12.30 11.58 14.76 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 38.95 39.66 36.47 36.69 36.06 32.50 32.81 35.36 42.94 48.59 50.10 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 3.51 4.07 4.13 3.99 4.96 6.09 7.32 8.32 9.57 FINLAND................. 24.38 20.11 23.10 28.75 28.78 26.39 26.22 27.56 22.30 23.08 26.57 31.24 34.84 36.96 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33.06 31.37 27.97 27.64 29.94 36.49 39.55 40.07 GREECE.................. 10.06 10.80 11.14 12.53 12.54 11.82 11.78 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.13 6.01 7.57 11.07 14.07 15.49 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 5.09 5.68 5.47 5.47 6.49 6.83 7.27 7.92 9.82 SPAIN................... 24.94 22.70 23.16 26.45 29.60 26.12 26.28 25.55 23.54 23.85 26.42 33.72 37.67 37.97 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes processing of nuclear fuels; excludes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 36 PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 324) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 26.59 28.19 29.00 29.99 29.22 31.03 31.42 31.58 32.56 33.63 34.30 36.02 36.51 36.22 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 32.38 35.32 39.78 31.54 39.10 45.51 47.51 72.32 76.64 91.55 CANADA.................. 20.79 25.17 25.67 25.20 25.44 24.99 30.46 30.46 28.15 31.15 33.52 34.22 33.73 35.03 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 31.41 33.60 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 49.10 53.43 JAPAN................... 3829 3884 3969 4066 4191 4371 4412 4365 4259 4192 4080 4136 3892 3926 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 8782 10003 10764 11137 13508 15318 17782 17327 18016 20795 22434 28004 32777 TAIWAN.................. 292.0 317.0 390.5 423.7 394.1 433.8 479.2 555.6 458.9 468.5 407.0 423.3 386.3 474.3 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 1148 1228 1306 1332 #33.85 35.20 36.65 37.40 37.93 39.07 40.25 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 111.2 131.5 142.9 154.1 188.5 199.3 206.5 213.8 229.3 FINLAND................. 109.4 115.1 120.9 125.8 132.3 137.1 140.2 #25.87 24.16 25.78 28.10 27.60 28.01 29.69 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 58.19 #29.45 30.30 30.87 31.67 32.23 31.80 32.19 GREECE.................. 1918 2476 2703 2904 3020 3229 3481 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1449 1721 1953 2482 2853 3092 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16.69 19.75 21.72 23.79 26.58 27.86 28.29 28.99 31.77 SPAIN................... 2554 2893 3101 3295 3750 3826 3926 #23.98 25.49 26.64 27.94 29.78 30.29 30.50 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes processing of nuclear fuels; excludes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 37 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 325) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 41 40 38 25 23 20 18 17 19 23 CANADA.................. 100 95 88 83 81 76 73 73 67 65 68 77 79 83 MEXICO.................. 19 21 24 15 15 16 15 17 17 19 19 18 17 18 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 80 91 98 91 79 83 70 61 68 86 99 97 JAPAN................... 123 141 150 164 136 123 111 129 129 112 108 114 117 112 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 35 37 44 46 42 30 42 45 39 43 50 55 59 TAIWAN.................. 32 31 31 35 34 36 31 34 41 33 30 31 30 33 AUSTRIA................. 111 108 112 129 124 105 103 103 86 82 86 102 109 110 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 146 138 117 117 115 98 95 100 118 129 129 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 13 14 14 12 13 16 19 21 23 DENMARK................. 111 104 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 106 86 95 115 109 97 95 95 82 81 91 107 116 115 FRANCE.................. 106 101 102 112 106 92 91 89 75 74 79 94 101 100 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 126 121 103 99 105 123 127 124 GREECE.................. 42 39 40 44 44 39 37 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 20 24 28 32 34 IRELAND................. 84 75 77 82 81 77 74 74 63 66 74 90 104 106 ITALY................... 121 97 95 99 109 99 96 95 79 76 82 98 109 109 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 91 75 72 72 58 57 63 75 83 84 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16 18 16 15 17 17 17 18 20 SPAIN................... 81 65 63 68 72 62 63 63 50 50 56 68 73 76 SWEDEN.................. 134 96 99 110 121 107 106 106 93 85 95 115 125 122 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 83 70 71 73 70 79 83 85 77 71 77 90 89 96 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes unrecorded magnetic and optical media. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 38 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 325) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 19.56 19.97 20.67 21.32 22.14 22.96 23.36 23.23 24.78 25.53 25.98 27.04 28.31 29.22 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 9.06 9.18 8.96 5.72 5.82 5.05 4.59 4.53 5.50 6.75 CANADA.................. 19.57 18.97 18.21 17.63 17.90 17.52 16.96 16.86 16.61 16.55 17.71 20.83 22.38 24.28 MEXICO.................. 3.65 4.18 5.04 3.26 3.27 3.62 3.60 3.84 4.29 4.77 5.01 4.86 4.80 5.20 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 16.49 19.34 21.77 21.01 18.44 19.30 17.39 15.61 17.71 23.22 28.11 28.28 JAPAN................... 24.15 28.07 31.06 34.93 30.19 28.17 25.86 29.91 31.98 28.49 28.06 30.70 33.22 32.75 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.97 7.75 9.39 10.22 9.69 6.96 9.71 11.11 9.92 11.27 13.40 15.46 17.20 TAIWAN.................. 6.22 6.14 6.47 7.40 7.62 8.35 7.33 7.86 10.15 8.33 7.71 8.35 8.53 9.51 AUSTRIA................. 21.71 21.54 23.17 27.50 27.51 24.04 24.18 23.92 21.19 20.91 22.46 27.71 30.80 32.10 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 31.19 30.49 26.77 27.24 26.61 24.24 24.24 26.08 32.00 36.46 37.56 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.92 3.20 3.16 3.00 3.44 4.24 5.07 5.88 6.62 DENMARK................. 21.75 20.72 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 20.71 17.09 19.63 24.43 24.21 22.24 22.26 22.09 20.28 20.64 23.58 28.87 32.72 33.47 FRANCE.................. 20.82 20.15 21.06 23.81 23.54 21.06 21.26 20.61 18.65 18.85 20.51 25.30 28.52 29.36 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.51 28.16 25.57 25.24 27.32 33.25 35.81 36.28 GREECE.................. 8.18 7.70 8.23 9.42 9.64 9.01 8.74 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.39 5.08 6.32 7.66 9.17 9.88 IRELAND................. 16.51 14.94 15.91 17.37 17.91 17.79 17.24 17.15 15.71 16.94 19.25 24.26 29.34 31.05 ITALY................... 23.66 19.28 19.73 21.00 24.12 22.65 22.34 22.06 19.57 19.33 21.23 26.53 30.73 31.71 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 20.23 17.28 16.80 16.75 14.49 14.63 16.28 20.17 23.62 24.60 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.74 4.10 3.79 3.72 4.39 4.49 4.72 5.03 5.87 SPAIN................... 15.87 12.99 12.96 14.49 16.03 14.20 14.73 14.54 12.40 12.87 14.45 18.39 20.68 22.07 SWEDEN.................. 26.17 19.25 20.53 23.38 26.71 24.67 24.86 24.56 22.92 21.61 24.65 31.18 35.34 35.61 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 16.16 14.01 14.68 15.46 15.51 18.06 19.34 19.83 19.08 18.14 20.08 24.28 25.28 28.04 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes unrecorded magnetic and optical media. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 39 CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 325) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 19.56 19.97 20.67 21.32 22.14 22.96 23.36 23.23 24.78 25.53 25.98 27.04 28.31 29.22 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 9.10 9.89 10.41 10.42 10.65 11.87 13.40 13.92 16.08 16.43 CANADA.................. 23.66 24.46 24.88 24.20 24.41 24.26 25.17 25.05 24.68 25.64 27.80 29.19 29.14 29.43 MEXICO.................. 11297 #13.04 17.01 20.94 24.82 28.63 32.97 36.68 40.55 44.51 48.41 52.41 54.17 56.59 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 22.54 26.11 27.80 28.25 29.33 29.90 29.91 30.21 32.57 35.59 38.17 37.08 JAPAN................... 3062 3118 3174 3282 3285 3412 3387 3401 3448 3464 3513 3558 3594 3606 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5592 6223 7245 8225 9210 9744 11553 12569 12816 14093 15977 17702 17617 TAIWAN.................. 156.6 162.3 171.4 196.0 209.3 240.4 245.9 254.2 317.4 281.9 266.4 287.3 284.7 305.5 AUSTRIA................. 238.6 250.8 264.4 277.2 291.3 293.5 299.3 #22.46 22.95 23.36 23.75 24.48 24.76 25.79 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 919.1 944.2 958.5 989.2 #24.98 26.25 27.08 27.59 28.27 29.32 30.17 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 92.52 103.1 109.1 115.6 131.0 138.9 142.9 151.2 158.6 DENMARK................. 131.3 134.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 92.92 97.81 102.7 106.9 111.3 115.6 119.0 #20.73 21.97 23.05 24.95 25.50 26.31 26.89 FRANCE.................. 110.2 114.2 116.8 118.7 120.4 122.9 125.4 #19.35 20.20 21.06 21.70 22.35 22.93 23.58 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 51.94 #26.44 27.70 28.19 28.89 29.37 28.79 29.15 GREECE.................. 1559 1765 1997 2182 2321 2460 2583 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1240 1454 1631 1718 1860 1972 IRELAND................. 9.69 10.20 10.63 10.83 11.20 11.74 12.10 #16.09 17.02 18.93 20.36 21.43 23.59 24.94 ITALY................... 29147 30333 31785 34216 37222 38599 38808 #20.70 21.20 21.59 22.46 23.43 24.71 25.47 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 626.2 618.0 609.8 #15.73 15.69 16.34 17.22 17.81 18.99 19.76 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 12.26 14.28 15.03 16.18 17.97 18.31 18.35 18.38 19.00 SPAIN................... 1625 1656 1735 1805 2031 2081 2201 #13.65 13.44 14.38 15.29 16.24 16.62 17.73 SWEDEN.................. 152.4 150.1 158.4 166.9 179.2 188.6 197.7 203.2 210.3 223.4 239.6 252.0 259.7 266.1 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.15 9.33 9.58 9.79 9.94 11.03 11.67 12.26 12.59 12.60 13.37 14.85 13.79 15.39 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes unrecorded magnetic and optical media. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 40 PLASTICS AND RUBBER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 326) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 37 35 32 20 20 16 13 14 15 19 MEXICO.................. 15 16 19 11 10 11 10 11 11 12 12 11 11 11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 97 97 97 92 82 89 80 67 74 94 110 109 ISRAEL.................. 48 45 50 52 55 59 56 54 56 54 47 46 47 48 JAPAN (1)............... 105 122 135 147 125 116 103 115 116 96 93 95 99 97 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 34 39 44 46 43 30 37 39 36 39 40 41 48 TAIWAN.................. 37 34 35 37 36 34 30 32 32 28 27 25 24 25 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 155 145 124 124 119 104 98 102 119 131 133 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 17 16 18 21 25 27 29 DENMARK................. 137 131 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 120 98 111 136 131 117 109 107 97 90 93 114 121 124 FRANCE.................. 117 108 110 120 114 100 98 93 80 76 81 95 104 106 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 133 126 109 101 107 123 130 130 GREECE.................. 53 50 52 59 58 52 50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 18 22 25 28 30 IRELAND................. 95 82 84 91 89 83 80 79 68 66 72 86 96 100 ITALY................... 139 111 110 107 110 99 97 94 79 74 80 95 105 108 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 169 145 142 136 118 108 112 126 135 138 NETHERLANDS............. 130 126 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 18 19 18 16 18 18 18 19 22 SPAIN................... 97 83 82 88 90 79 80 77 66 59 65 79 85 85 SWEDEN.................. 158 115 122 133 148 132 128 122 109 94 100 118 130 131 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 90 77 79 82 81 87 90 93 86 81 86 94 104 106 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Includes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 41 PLASTICS AND RUBBER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 326) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 14.69 14.86 14.95 15.30 15.83 16.28 16.69 17.01 17.76 18.82 19.37 20.47 21.13 21.48 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.92 5.71 5.39 3.36 3.54 2.93 2.58 2.88 3.09 3.99 MEXICO.................. 2.22 2.41 2.77 1.72 1.66 1.77 1.70 1.81 2.02 2.22 2.31 2.23 2.23 2.43 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.48 14.83 15.33 15.03 13.64 15.07 14.18 12.62 14.37 19.15 23.31 23.37 ISRAEL.................. 7.01 6.68 7.52 8.00 8.74 9.56 9.34 9.12 9.88 10.21 9.12 9.45 9.99 10.34 JAPAN (1)............... 15.36 18.11 20.23 22.56 19.84 18.81 17.27 19.63 20.66 18.10 17.94 19.41 20.83 20.86 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5.01 5.83 6.71 7.32 7.06 4.93 6.29 6.90 6.71 7.48 8.10 8.77 10.29 TAIWAN.................. 5.48 5.10 5.26 5.71 5.76 5.60 4.93 5.40 5.76 5.29 5.27 5.22 5.12 5.29 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 23.78 22.90 20.18 20.70 20.21 18.43 18.42 19.83 24.32 27.70 28.52 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.76 2.94 2.94 2.84 3.35 4.09 5.04 5.66 6.22 DENMARK................. 20.08 19.51 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.58 14.50 16.66 20.73 20.68 19.03 18.12 18.21 17.19 16.94 17.99 23.35 25.62 26.57 FRANCE.................. 17.15 16.12 16.52 18.40 18.03 16.24 16.34 15.83 14.16 14.39 15.78 19.51 22.06 22.77 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22.20 21.40 19.28 19.08 20.69 25.25 27.54 27.91 GREECE.................. 7.81 7.37 7.77 8.96 9.18 8.50 8.42 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.87 3.35 4.19 5.03 5.93 6.46 IRELAND................. 13.97 12.22 12.59 13.93 14.06 13.45 13.44 13.47 12.13 12.40 13.89 17.54 20.31 21.55 ITALY................... 20.46 16.48 16.43 16.31 17.41 16.11 16.18 15.94 14.01 14.00 15.44 19.44 22.12 23.10 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 26.68 23.54 23.63 23.07 20.99 20.40 21.79 25.72 28.63 29.59 NETHERLANDS............. 19.04 18.79 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.95 3.13 3.05 2.93 3.32 3.48 3.72 4.05 4.77 SPAIN................... 14.32 12.27 12.27 13.44 14.31 12.83 13.29 13.06 11.69 11.09 12.52 16.13 17.87 18.36 SWEDEN.................. 23.21 17.09 18.30 20.28 23.37 21.45 21.33 20.82 19.39 17.76 19.38 24.17 27.57 28.10 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 13.15 11.42 11.78 12.48 12.77 14.13 15.07 15.76 15.32 15.18 16.65 19.32 21.93 22.78 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Includes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 42 PLASTICS AND RUBBER PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 326) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 14.69 14.86 14.95 15.30 15.83 16.28 16.69 17.01 17.76 18.82 19.37 20.47 21.13 21.48 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.95 6.16 6.26 6.11 6.49 6.89 7.53 8.85 9.03 9.72 MEXICO.................. 6873 #7.50 9.37 11.07 12.61 14.03 15.53 17.33 19.11 20.71 22.34 24.04 25.22 26.48 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 19.79 20.02 19.57 20.22 21.69 23.34 24.38 24.42 26.42 29.35 31.65 30.63 ISRAEL.................. 17.24 18.91 22.64 24.08 27.90 32.98 35.50 37.74 40.26 42.94 43.23 43.04 44.76 46.40 JAPAN (1)............... 1948 2012 2068 2119 2158 2278 2263 2232 2228 2201 2247 2250 2253 2297 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4020 4685 5172 5886 6717 6903 7487 7809 8675 9347 9657 10037 10537 TAIWAN.................. 138.0 134.7 139.2 151.2 158.3 161.2 165.5 174.4 180.1 179.0 182.0 179.5 170.7 169.9 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 700.8 709.1 722.8 751.5 #18.97 19.96 20.58 20.97 21.48 22.27 22.91 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 87.59 94.75 101.5 109.6 127.6 134.0 142.2 145.6 149.1 DENMARK................. 121.2 126.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 78.87 83.02 87.19 90.73 95.04 98.86 96.88 #17.09 18.62 18.92 19.03 20.63 20.60 21.35 FRANCE.................. 90.80 91.33 91.62 91.72 92.25 94.83 96.43 #14.86 15.33 16.08 16.70 17.24 17.74 18.29 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39.08 #20.09 20.88 21.31 21.89 22.30 22.14 22.42 GREECE.................. 1489 1690 1884 2076 2210 2321 2487 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 809.4 959.0 1079 1129 1202 1289 IRELAND................. 8.20 8.34 8.41 8.69 8.79 8.87 9.43 #12.64 13.14 13.85 14.70 15.49 16.33 17.31 ITALY................... 25201 25918 26464 26569 26863 27445 28111 #14.97 15.18 15.64 16.33 17.17 17.78 18.55 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 825.9 842.1 857.8 #21.66 22.74 22.79 23.05 22.72 23.02 23.77 NETHERLANDS............. 33.50 34.91 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.67 10.89 12.12 12.75 13.60 14.20 14.48 14.82 15.43 SPAIN................... 1466 1564 1643 1675 1814 1879 1985 #12.26 12.66 12.39 13.25 14.25 14.37 14.75 SWEDEN.................. 135.2 133.3 141.2 144.8 156.8 164.0 169.6 172.3 177.9 183.6 188.4 195.3 202.6 209.9 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.45 7.60 7.69 7.91 8.18 8.63 9.09 9.75 10.11 10.54 11.09 11.82 11.97 12.51 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Includes rubber and plastic footwear. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 43 NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 327) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 24 23 21 14 13 11 9 10 11 14 CANADA.................. 111 104 95 96 96 89 80 80 77 77 76 80 89 93 MEXICO.................. 13 15 16 10 9 10 9 10 10 11 12 11 11 12 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 84 89 98 92 79 85 77 67 74 93 108 109 ISRAEL.................. 41 41 43 48 49 50 47 46 47 46 42 42 43 41 JAPAN (2)............... 97 112 123 132 114 104 93 108 110 95 88 90 93 90 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 38 41 44 46 47 31 40 41 39 39 45 49 57 TAIWAN.................. 33 32 33 33 32 31 28 28 28 27 26 25 25 26 AUSTRIA................. 129 126 131 150 144 123 118 113 96 91 95 111 118 120 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 156 149 127 124 120 104 98 104 122 133 134 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 15 16 15 14 16 19 22 25 27 DENMARK................. 125 118 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 108 87 98 122 118 104 94 95 82 80 84 99 110 112 FRANCE.................. 110 103 105 116 112 98 97 94 82 80 85 100 110 111 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 116 111 96 92 96 113 120 118 GREECE.................. 53 49 51 57 58 54 50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 16 16 16 17 15 17 21 24 27 29 IRELAND................. 94 83 82 88 91 85 83 80 70 68 73 89 95 97 ITALY................... 122 99 98 99 106 98 92 89 75 72 76 94 105 106 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 105 92 91 89 78 79 87 108 128 132 NETHERLANDS............. 127 122 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16 17 16 15 16 16 17 18 20 SPAIN................... 83 71 69 73 70 61 61 60 53 52 55 67 72 73 SWEDEN.................. 151 106 108 124 134 117 116 112 101 89 95 115 127 125 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 81 70 72 77 78 84 87 88 81 80 83 93 105 112 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. (2) Includes carbon and graphite products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 44 NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 327) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 16.47 16.75 17.13 17.57 18.02 18.61 19.20 19.41 20.29 21.08 21.71 22.58 23.24 23.76 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.33 4.19 4.07 2.67 2.62 2.24 1.97 2.15 2.48 3.25 CANADA.................. 18.30 17.35 16.28 16.82 17.29 16.53 15.42 15.58 15.61 16.27 16.54 18.02 20.65 22.01 MEXICO.................. 2.18 2.53 2.81 1.73 1.66 1.78 1.73 1.87 2.13 2.42 2.60 2.58 2.61 2.87 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.31 15.60 17.75 17.09 15.13 16.58 15.64 14.03 16.06 20.99 25.14 25.89 ISRAEL.................. 6.83 6.80 7.30 8.45 8.82 9.32 9.06 8.91 9.51 9.78 9.11 9.53 9.91 9.73 JAPAN (2)............... 16.06 18.82 21.06 23.26 20.49 19.34 17.95 20.97 22.32 20.02 19.11 20.42 21.60 21.29 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.28 7.05 7.69 8.31 8.80 5.99 7.83 8.31 8.26 8.50 10.19 11.45 13.58 TAIWAN.................. 5.39 5.39 5.61 5.85 5.81 5.79 5.38 5.52 5.63 5.65 5.63 5.61 5.89 6.19 AUSTRIA................. 21.31 21.14 22.44 26.38 26.04 22.86 22.74 21.94 19.42 19.25 20.53 25.00 27.48 28.51 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 27.43 26.85 23.69 23.90 23.29 21.19 20.76 22.65 27.53 31.01 31.74 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.81 3.03 2.97 2.92 3.40 4.20 5.07 5.86 6.49 DENMARK................. 20.62 19.70 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.76 14.63 16.83 21.53 21.18 19.29 17.98 18.49 16.65 16.87 18.14 22.36 25.46 26.57 FRANCE.................. 18.11 17.32 18.06 20.40 20.26 18.33 18.60 18.25 16.69 16.88 18.43 22.65 25.52 26.30 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22.36 21.57 19.57 19.39 20.86 25.58 27.82 28.04 GREECE.................. 8.70 8.24 8.71 10.02 10.41 10.03 9.69 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 2.97 2.98 3.13 3.23 3.09 3.53 4.48 5.34 6.18 6.84 IRELAND................. 15.56 13.84 14.06 15.51 16.48 15.89 15.87 15.52 14.15 14.25 15.89 20.00 22.02 23.10 ITALY................... 20.02 16.64 16.78 17.43 19.13 18.23 17.73 17.23 15.17 15.20 16.42 21.13 24.32 25.30 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 18.99 17.04 17.39 17.18 15.82 16.75 18.97 24.29 29.70 31.45 NETHERLANDS............. 20.90 20.50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.96 3.22 3.17 3.12 3.44 3.57 3.80 4.16 4.82 SPAIN................... 13.64 11.85 11.75 12.81 12.57 11.31 11.77 11.63 10.69 10.97 11.85 15.24 16.73 17.39 SWEDEN.................. 24.91 17.79 18.43 21.83 24.09 21.80 22.19 21.77 20.43 18.76 20.61 26.00 29.43 29.67 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 13.38 11.65 12.39 13.59 14.04 15.68 16.77 16.99 16.53 16.90 17.94 21.09 24.44 26.62 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. (2) Includes carbon and graphite products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 45 NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 327) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 16.47 16.75 17.13 17.57 18.02 18.61 19.20 19.41 20.29 21.08 21.71 22.58 23.24 23.76 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 4.35 4.52 4.72 4.86 4.80 5.27 5.74 6.61 7.25 7.91 CANADA.................. 22.13 22.38 22.24 23.09 23.58 22.89 22.88 23.15 23.19 25.20 25.97 25.25 26.88 26.67 MEXICO.................. 6756 #7.87 9.49 11.08 12.62 14.13 15.79 17.89 20.13 22.58 25.13 27.87 29.49 31.27 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 19.56 21.06 22.67 22.98 24.05 25.69 26.89 27.14 29.53 32.17 34.14 33.94 ISRAEL.................. 16.78 19.23 21.97 25.44 28.14 32.14 34.42 36.90 38.79 41.13 43.16 43.39 44.42 43.69 JAPAN (2)............... 2036 2091 2153 2186 2229 2342 2351 2385 2406 2435 2393 2366 2337 2344 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5042 5667 5929 6684 8369 8381 9314 9404 10677 10619 12149 13114 13907 TAIWAN.................. 135.6 142.5 148.6 155.0 159.5 166.5 180.6 178.4 175.9 191.1 194.3 193.2 196.4 199.0 AUSTRIA................. 234.2 246.1 256.1 266.0 275.8 279.1 281.5 #20.59 21.04 21.51 21.72 22.09 22.09 22.90 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 808.3 831.4 848.3 867.6 #21.87 22.95 23.19 23.96 24.32 24.93 25.50 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 89.15 97.74 102.8 112.6 129.4 137.6 143.1 150.5 155.5 DENMARK................. 124.5 127.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 79.69 83.73 88.10 94.19 97.31 100.2 96.15 #17.36 18.03 18.85 19.19 19.75 20.47 21.34 FRANCE.................. 95.85 98.17 100.1 101.7 103.7 107.0 109.7 #17.13 18.08 18.86 19.50 20.01 20.52 21.13 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39.36 #20.24 21.20 21.67 22.07 22.59 22.36 22.53 GREECE.................. 1659 1891 2114 2322 2507 2739 2864 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 453.6 555.9 670.7 766.1 871.1 1013 1156 1197 1254 1364 IRELAND................. 9.13 9.45 9.39 9.67 10.30 10.48 11.14 #14.57 15.33 15.92 16.81 17.66 17.70 18.55 ITALY................... 24661 26178 27030 28388 29520 31064 30796 #16.18 16.43 16.98 17.37 18.67 19.56 20.32 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 588.0 609.7 631.2 #16.13 17.14 18.71 20.07 21.45 23.88 25.27 NETHERLANDS............. 36.76 38.10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.71 11.22 12.57 13.58 14.08 14.57 14.80 15.20 15.58 SPAIN................... 1397 1511 1573 1596 1593 1658 1759 #10.92 11.58 12.26 12.54 13.46 13.45 13.97 SWEDEN.................. 145.1 138.7 142.2 155.9 161.6 166.6 176.4 180.1 187.4 193.9 200.3 210.0 216.3 221.6 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.57 7.76 8.09 8.61 9.00 9.58 10.12 10.51 10.91 11.74 11.95 12.90 13.34 14.61 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes. (2) Includes carbon and graphite products. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 46 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 44 43 39 24 25 20 17 17 22 25 CANADA.................. 115 109 101 100 100 97 88 92 88 84 83 92 101 109 MEXICO.................. 15 16 17 10 10 11 10 11 12 13 13 12 13 13 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 82 85 89 91 82 86 74 67 72 87 101 104 ISRAEL.................. 32 32 32 37 39 41 40 38 40 41 34 34 36 35 JAPAN................... 112 127 137 145 121 110 99 116 119 101 91 95 104 104 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 39 40 44 49 43 29 34 53 30 35 38 44 57 TAIWAN.................. 35 33 36 35 33 33 29 34 34 32 27 28 31 31 AUSTRIA................. 115 112 116 134 128 112 110 108 93 91 93 110 122 124 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 147 145 127 125 122 105 98 103 120 133 133 DENMARK................. 92 87 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 100 83 94 118 113 103 100 98 89 84 89 103 115 115 FRANCE.................. 96 89 91 99 95 84 82 80 69 67 70 83 93 93 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 120 116 101 95 99 115 125 124 GREECE.................. 58 52 52 60 60 57 48 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 86 77 73 73 77 78 75 74 59 57 61 70 77 80 ITALY................... 110 89 89 90 97 92 87 84 70 67 70 82 92 92 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 114 103 103 108 95 86 86 100 111 114 NETHERLANDS............. 117 111 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 119 101 105 118 120 113 112 111 100 101 117 133 148 154 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 17 15 17 17 17 19 22 SPAIN................... 88 73 72 78 77 71 73 71 61 57 59 73 82 83 SWEDEN.................. 121 88 91 104 117 108 107 105 95 84 88 105 118 115 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 76 65 67 69 70 79 84 84 81 72 73 82 92 94 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes manufacture of wire products and uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 47 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 20.84 21.41 21.75 22.38 22.87 23.07 23.65 23.63 24.64 25.76 26.89 28.00 28.32 29.03 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.08 9.93 9.24 5.61 6.25 5.23 4.66 4.79 6.16 7.33 CANADA.................. 23.92 23.39 22.04 22.31 22.79 22.45 20.87 21.84 21.78 21.66 22.22 25.83 28.72 31.59 MEXICO.................. 3.12 3.36 3.76 2.33 2.27 2.48 2.44 2.60 2.93 3.30 3.52 3.50 3.55 3.86 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.84 19.08 20.45 20.92 19.38 20.24 18.33 17.27 19.30 24.44 28.69 30.34 ISRAEL.................. 6.69 6.75 7.01 8.36 8.85 9.50 9.48 9.01 9.89 10.60 9.06 9.62 10.22 10.02 JAPAN................... 23.35 27.12 29.78 32.38 27.73 25.32 23.41 27.35 29.26 26.01 24.48 26.55 29.58 30.32 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 8.26 8.69 9.89 11.23 10.02 6.87 8.01 13.16 7.82 9.43 10.55 12.59 16.54 TAIWAN.................. 7.27 7.06 7.92 7.82 7.63 7.52 6.76 7.94 8.27 8.27 7.38 7.93 8.68 8.96 AUSTRIA................. 24.03 23.95 25.31 29.99 29.27 25.78 26.03 25.63 22.90 23.34 24.98 30.72 34.45 35.97 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 32.93 33.05 29.23 29.51 28.80 25.95 25.32 27.64 33.65 37.78 38.71 DENMARK................. 19.19 18.70 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 20.90 17.86 20.54 26.30 25.73 23.75 23.68 23.20 21.97 21.59 23.88 28.92 32.66 33.25 FRANCE.................. 20.04 19.11 19.73 22.07 21.73 19.32 19.43 18.86 16.96 17.30 18.85 23.26 26.28 27.10 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28.42 27.30 24.81 24.52 26.49 32.30 35.50 36.03 GREECE.................. 12.11 11.15 11.41 13.36 13.61 13.15 11.40 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 17.91 16.44 15.80 16.37 17.68 18.00 17.80 17.40 14.59 14.80 16.51 19.64 21.87 23.10 ITALY................... 22.91 18.99 19.29 20.14 22.12 21.17 20.51 19.78 17.36 17.23 18.73 22.95 26.17 26.69 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 26.18 23.82 24.40 25.52 23.46 22.04 23.21 28.04 31.52 33.04 NETHERLANDS............. 24.31 23.77 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 24.84 21.71 22.94 26.34 27.51 26.01 26.52 26.30 24.61 26.06 31.41 37.23 41.87 44.71 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.97 4.23 3.98 3.78 4.38 4.45 4.84 5.46 6.41 SPAIN................... 18.27 15.63 15.57 17.43 17.62 16.32 17.15 16.89 15.03 14.65 15.99 20.45 23.31 24.08 SWEDEN.................. 25.30 18.77 19.73 23.23 26.79 24.91 25.24 24.73 23.33 21.54 23.79 29.48 33.42 33.50 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 15.90 13.87 14.52 15.51 16.07 18.16 19.84 19.88 19.87 18.66 19.74 23.04 26.16 27.43 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes manufacture of wire products and uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 48 PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 20.84 21.41 21.75 22.38 22.87 23.07 23.65 23.63 24.64 25.76 26.89 28.00 28.32 29.03 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.13 10.70 10.73 10.22 11.45 12.30 13.61 14.74 18.03 17.85 CANADA.................. 28.92 30.18 30.11 30.63 31.08 31.10 30.97 32.45 32.36 33.54 34.88 36.19 37.39 38.28 MEXICO.................. 9654 #10.47 12.69 14.96 17.27 19.63 22.29 24.84 27.72 30.81 34.03 37.76 40.05 41.99 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 24.39 25.76 26.12 28.13 30.81 31.35 31.53 33.42 35.50 37.47 38.96 39.78 ISRAEL.................. 16.46 19.09 21.10 25.17 28.24 32.78 36.01 37.29 40.31 44.58 42.92 43.79 45.79 44.96 JAPAN................... 2960 3013 3044 3042 3017 3066 3067 3110 3154 3163 3066 3077 3201 3338 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6632 6984 7627 9033 9531 9612 9534 14887 10101 11787 12578 14421 16937 TAIWAN.................. 182.9 186.5 209.6 207.2 209.5 216.4 226.7 256.5 258.5 279.7 254.9 273.0 289.7 287.8 AUSTRIA................. 264.0 278.8 288.7 302.3 310.0 314.7 322.3 #24.06 24.80 26.07 26.43 27.13 27.70 28.89 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 970.5 1024 1047 1072 #27.03 28.11 28.28 29.24 29.72 30.37 31.09 DENMARK................. 115.8 121.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 93.76 102.2 107.5 115.1 118.2 123.4 126.6 #21.78 23.80 24.12 25.26 25.54 26.26 26.71 FRANCE.................. 106.1 108.3 109.4 110.1 111.2 112.8 114.6 #17.71 18.37 19.32 19.94 20.55 21.13 21.77 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50.02 #25.62 26.87 27.40 28.02 28.53 28.54 28.94 GREECE.................. 2308 2558 2768 3095 3276 3590 3369 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. 10.51 11.22 10.56 10.21 11.06 11.87 12.49 #16.33 15.80 16.53 17.47 17.35 17.58 18.56 ITALY................... 28226 29868 31072 32804 34134 36082 35626 #18.57 18.81 19.25 19.81 20.27 21.04 21.44 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 810.6 852.2 885.9 #23.95 25.41 24.62 24.55 24.77 25.34 26.54 NETHERLANDS............. 42.76 44.16 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. 154.4 154.1 161.9 166.9 177.7 184.3 200.3 205.3 216.9 234.4 250.8 263.6 282.2 288.0 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 13.03 14.71 15.80 16.46 17.93 18.17 18.82 19.99 20.74 SPAIN................... 1871 1992 2084 2172 2232 2390 2562 #15.85 16.28 16.36 16.91 18.07 18.74 19.34 SWEDEN.................. 147.4 146.3 152.2 165.9 179.7 190.4 200.7 204.6 214.0 222.7 231.2 238.2 245.6 250.3 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.00 9.24 9.48 9.83 10.30 11.09 11.97 12.29 13.11 12.96 13.15 14.09 14.27 15.06 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes manufacture of wire products and uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 49 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 32 31 28 17 17 14 11 12 13 18 CANADA.................. 111 99 94 95 94 92 85 88 86 80 81 94 101 107 MEXICO.................. 13 14 16 9 9 9 8 9 10 11 11 11 11 11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 86 92 97 91 77 80 69 62 69 85 97 101 ISRAEL.................. 51 49 50 51 53 55 53 50 52 51 45 47 47 48 JAPAN................... 109 125 137 143 121 106 95 110 112 93 85 91 96 92 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 33 37 42 48 42 27 33 38 34 37 40 42 45 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 48 50 46 38 38 34 30 31 32 30 32 TAIWAN.................. 31 30 32 33 32 31 27 27 28 26 23 24 25 25 AUSTRIA................. 122 117 123 141 134 115 113 110 94 90 95 114 125 124 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 159 153 131 129 126 110 104 112 133 148 147 DENMARK................. 125 117 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 114 92 104 129 120 108 94 100 87 84 89 106 120 118 FRANCE.................. 110 102 105 114 110 97 96 94 81 79 85 103 114 113 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 129 123 107 101 107 127 136 133 GREECE.................. 52 47 49 55 57 52 49 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 80 77 74 71 72 62 63 72 87 98 100 ITALY................... 128 100 98 96 100 91 87 84 71 71 79 98 115 113 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 132 111 106 101 85 81 87 107 121 121 NETHERLANDS............. 120 114 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 16 17 16 16 17 17 18 19 22 SPAIN................... 86 72 71 77 73 65 64 63 55 56 61 74 84 84 SWEDEN.................. 154 108 112 124 136 120 115 112 100 89 95 116 130 127 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 82 70 74 78 79 84 87 88 81 76 78 88 102 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 50 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.54 15.96 16.07 16.57 17.03 17.41 17.96 18.10 18.82 19.58 20.02 20.56 20.99 21.72 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.46 5.44 5.03 3.11 3.15 2.70 2.27 2.46 2.81 3.81 CANADA.................. 17.31 15.79 15.17 15.79 16.06 15.94 15.29 16.02 16.13 15.66 16.26 19.29 21.14 23.15 MEXICO.................. 1.97 2.21 2.52 1.54 1.46 1.54 1.46 1.62 1.86 2.12 2.28 2.25 2.22 2.44 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 13.77 15.17 16.58 15.77 13.86 14.41 12.90 12.13 13.79 17.52 20.31 21.95 ISRAEL.................. 7.98 7.85 8.05 8.49 9.09 9.51 9.56 8.99 9.77 10.04 9.02 9.73 9.94 10.37 JAPAN................... 16.93 19.93 21.97 23.78 20.53 18.53 17.12 19.83 21.11 18.13 17.08 18.71 20.07 19.90 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5.29 5.98 6.93 8.12 7.34 4.83 5.96 7.08 6.61 7.43 8.30 8.79 9.79 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 8.03 8.45 8.09 6.76 6.80 6.37 5.94 6.17 6.68 6.39 6.93 TAIWAN.................. 4.87 4.84 5.08 5.47 5.36 5.38 4.83 4.95 5.29 5.04 4.70 4.92 5.15 5.40 AUSTRIA................. 19.01 18.60 19.72 23.37 22.76 20.03 20.29 19.83 17.75 17.61 19.07 23.46 26.22 26.86 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 26.42 26.07 22.79 23.14 22.78 20.73 20.36 22.47 27.38 30.99 31.86 DENMARK................. 19.48 18.60 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.72 14.70 16.72 21.40 20.51 18.72 16.93 18.11 16.34 16.44 17.91 21.86 25.11 25.71 FRANCE.................. 17.12 16.26 16.83 18.95 18.72 16.93 17.20 16.94 15.27 15.50 17.06 21.09 23.86 24.64 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23.11 22.26 20.05 19.82 21.40 26.07 28.47 28.80 GREECE.................. 8.02 7.43 7.85 9.19 9.62 9.05 8.73 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 13.25 13.10 12.80 12.79 12.99 11.74 12.42 14.46 17.80 20.52 21.70 ITALY................... 19.83 15.89 15.78 15.90 17.03 15.78 15.57 15.13 13.37 13.86 15.91 20.16 24.13 24.61 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 22.40 19.40 19.08 18.34 16.02 15.92 17.51 22.02 25.37 26.33 NETHERLANDS............. 18.66 18.26 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.82 3.03 2.95 2.94 3.27 3.39 3.68 4.03 4.81 SPAIN................... 13.38 11.43 11.48 12.73 12.35 11.24 11.46 11.36 10.41 11.03 12.25 15.29 17.55 18.27 SWEDEN.................. 23.88 17.15 18.02 20.62 23.22 20.90 20.74 20.32 18.81 17.34 19.09 23.92 27.24 27.66 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 12.74 11.10 11.94 12.94 13.47 14.60 15.67 15.98 15.26 14.83 15.55 18.05 21.51 21.66 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 51 FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.54 15.96 16.07 16.57 17.03 17.41 17.96 18.10 18.82 19.58 20.02 20.56 20.99 21.72 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.49 5.87 5.84 5.66 5.76 6.35 6.62 7.58 8.22 9.27 CANADA.................. 20.93 20.37 20.72 21.68 21.91 22.08 22.69 23.80 23.96 24.25 25.53 27.02 27.53 28.06 MEXICO.................. 6085 #6.89 8.50 9.90 11.12 12.22 13.40 15.46 17.60 19.78 22.00 24.30 25.06 26.62 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 18.82 20.48 21.17 21.21 22.03 22.33 22.18 23.47 25.35 26.85 27.58 28.78 ISRAEL.................. 19.62 22.22 24.25 25.56 29.03 32.82 36.33 37.23 39.83 42.23 42.74 44.31 44.53 46.54 JAPAN................... 2147 2215 2245 2235 2234 2243 2242 2255 2276 2204 2139 2168 2172 2191 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4250 4808 5347 6531 6980 6756 7093 8008 8536 9289 9895 10062 10026 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 11.38 11.92 12.02 11.30 11.53 10.99 10.66 11.05 11.64 10.80 11.53 TAIWAN.................. 122.5 127.7 134.5 144.9 147.3 154.8 162.1 159.8 165.4 170.3 162.3 169.4 172.0 173.4 AUSTRIA................. 208.9 216.6 225.0 235.6 241.0 244.6 251.2 #18.62 19.23 19.67 20.17 20.72 21.08 21.58 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 778.6 807.4 816.2 840.3 #21.38 22.46 22.75 23.76 24.19 24.92 25.59 DENMARK................. 117.6 120.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 79.50 84.18 87.49 93.65 94.23 97.27 90.55 #17.00 17.70 18.36 18.95 19.31 20.19 20.65 FRANCE.................. 90.65 92.16 93.35 94.46 95.75 98.83 101.5 #15.90 16.54 17.31 18.05 18.63 19.18 19.79 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40.67 #20.89 21.72 22.14 22.63 23.03 22.89 23.13 GREECE.................. 1528 1704 1905 2130 2316 2471 2581 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 8.26 8.19 8.44 8.98 #12.19 12.72 13.87 15.30 15.72 16.50 17.43 ITALY................... 24428 24988 25417 25894 26270 26883 27048 #14.21 14.48 15.48 16.83 17.81 19.40 19.77 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 693.6 694.0 692.5 #17.22 17.35 17.79 18.53 19.45 20.39 21.15 NETHERLANDS............. 32.81 33.93 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.24 10.54 11.71 12.77 13.39 13.85 14.32 14.76 15.57 SPAIN................... 1370 1457 1537 1586 1564 1647 1711 #10.66 11.27 12.32 12.96 13.51 14.11 14.68 SWEDEN.................. 139.1 133.7 139.1 147.3 155.7 159.7 164.9 168.1 172.6 179.3 185.5 193.3 200.2 206.6 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.22 7.40 7.79 8.20 8.63 8.91 9.46 9.88 10.07 10.30 10.36 11.04 11.73 11.89 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 52 PRIMARY AND FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331-332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 39 38 34 21 21 17 14 15 18 22 CANADA.................. 118 109 103 102 101 97 89 93 89 83 83 95 103 108 MEXICO.................. 14 15 16 10 9 9 9 9 10 11 12 11 11 12 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 97 101 109 107 93 96 82 75 83 103 120 121 ISRAEL.................. 45 44 44 46 48 50 49 46 48 48 42 43 44 44 JAPAN................... 115 131 142 150 125 112 100 116 119 100 91 97 104 101 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 37 39 44 50 45 29 36 47 34 39 42 47 53 TAIWAN.................. 34 32 34 35 33 32 28 30 31 29 26 27 28 28 AUSTRIA................. 123 118 124 142 135 116 114 112 96 93 98 116 128 128 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 162 157 135 133 129 112 106 113 136 150 150 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 16 16 16 14 16 19 23 26 28 FINLAND................. 110 90 102 127 119 107 98 100 88 84 90 106 119 118 FRANCE.................. 106 98 101 110 106 93 92 89 77 75 81 97 107 108 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 128 123 107 101 107 126 136 133 GREECE.................. 57 51 51 59 59 55 50 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 16 16 15 15 14 15 18 22 25 26 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 76 74 72 70 71 60 61 68 81 91 93 ITALY................... 123 97 96 95 99 91 87 84 71 70 77 94 109 108 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 18 18 17 16 17 17 18 19 22 SPAIN................... 84 70 70 75 75 68 67 65 57 56 61 74 83 84 SWEDEN.................. 143 102 106 119 131 118 114 111 99 88 95 115 129 127 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 81 69 73 76 77 83 88 88 82 76 78 88 102 100 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 53 PRIMARY AND FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331-332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 17.09 17.53 17.70 18.22 18.67 18.98 19.51 19.59 20.37 21.18 21.72 22.39 22.78 23.49 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.35 7.22 6.67 4.07 4.27 3.60 3.08 3.34 4.01 5.07 CANADA.................. 20.17 19.17 18.25 18.61 18.89 18.50 17.43 18.19 18.20 17.66 18.12 21.35 23.53 25.48 MEXICO.................. 2.34 2.55 2.87 1.76 1.68 1.78 1.70 1.85 2.11 2.39 2.55 2.52 2.53 2.76 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.14 18.39 20.43 20.23 18.23 18.76 16.73 15.89 17.95 23.02 27.27 28.31 ISRAEL.................. 7.73 7.64 7.85 8.46 9.05 9.51 9.55 8.99 9.79 10.11 9.02 9.71 9.97 10.33 JAPAN................... 19.66 22.96 25.20 27.26 23.40 21.20 19.57 22.71 24.22 21.09 19.84 21.62 23.58 23.73 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.45 6.94 7.98 9.39 8.45 5.67 6.99 9.64 7.11 8.37 9.37 10.60 12.38 TAIWAN.................. 5.74 5.65 6.09 6.32 6.17 6.14 5.52 5.97 6.34 6.20 5.66 5.96 6.36 6.63 AUSTRIA................. 21.02 20.71 21.87 25.88 25.14 22.10 22.30 21.87 19.56 19.67 21.30 26.04 29.13 30.08 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 29.55 29.38 25.72 25.96 25.24 22.86 22.39 24.55 30.46 34.28 35.18 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 3.01 3.15 3.10 2.94 3.45 4.19 5.25 6.03 6.55 FINLAND................. 18.79 15.82 18.08 23.15 22.27 20.34 19.05 19.68 17.92 17.82 19.50 23.67 27.09 27.67 FRANCE.................. 18.16 17.25 17.82 20.01 19.73 17.71 17.88 17.50 15.70 15.95 17.53 21.66 24.49 25.29 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 25.03 24.08 21.70 21.47 23.21 28.29 30.95 31.35 GREECE.................. 9.68 8.94 8.96 10.77 11.00 10.47 9.72 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 2.94 2.98 2.94 2.89 2.90 3.23 3.99 4.85 5.78 6.18 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 13.89 13.82 13.70 13.71 13.84 12.31 12.82 14.80 18.10 20.72 21.90 ITALY................... 21.07 17.01 16.97 17.22 18.54 17.31 16.96 16.42 14.45 14.80 16.74 21.02 24.84 25.34 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.38 3.57 3.40 3.27 3.65 3.74 4.02 4.43 5.23 SPAIN................... 14.41 12.33 12.37 13.68 14.00 12.82 12.98 12.75 11.57 11.92 13.17 16.57 18.96 19.71 SWEDEN.................. 24.49 17.81 18.72 21.59 24.53 22.36 22.23 21.75 20.23 18.67 20.62 25.76 29.38 29.73 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 13.81 12.06 12.83 13.84 14.38 15.83 17.10 17.27 16.78 16.12 16.98 19.70 23.13 23.55 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 54 PRIMARY AND FABRICATED METAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 331-332) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 17.09 17.53 17.70 18.22 18.67 18.98 19.51 19.59 20.37 21.18 21.72 22.39 22.78 23.49 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.39 7.78 7.74 7.41 7.82 8.47 8.99 10.28 11.72 12.35 CANADA.................. 24.39 24.73 24.92 25.55 25.77 25.63 25.87 27.03 27.05 27.35 28.44 29.91 30.64 30.88 MEXICO.................. 7258 #7.96 9.69 11.28 12.73 14.08 15.54 17.68 19.95 22.28 24.65 27.18 28.55 30.11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 23.43 24.82 26.08 27.20 28.98 29.06 28.78 30.75 33.02 35.30 37.03 37.12 ISRAEL.................. 19.01 21.62 23.65 25.48 28.88 32.80 36.28 37.23 39.90 42.54 42.76 44.22 44.68 46.34 JAPAN................... 2493 2550 2575 2561 2546 2568 2564 2582 2611 2564 2484 2506 2552 2613 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5174 5577 6157 7551 8035 7933 8317 10900 9191 10460 11170 12134 12677 TAIWAN.................. 144.5 149.3 161.2 167.4 169.5 176.8 185.1 192.9 198.1 209.8 195.4 205.2 212.1 213.2 AUSTRIA................. 231.0 241.0 249.5 260.8 266.2 269.9 276.0 #20.53 21.19 21.97 22.53 23.00 23.42 24.16 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 870.7 910.0 921.0 942.5 #23.69 24.76 25.01 25.97 26.91 27.56 28.26 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 95.45 101.6 107.2 113.3 131.3 137.2 148.1 154.9 156.9 FINLAND................. 84.30 90.55 94.64 101.3 102.3 105.7 101.9 #18.48 19.41 19.90 20.63 20.90 21.78 22.23 FRANCE.................. 96.11 97.74 98.85 99.76 100.9 103.4 105.5 #16.42 17.01 17.82 18.54 19.13 19.69 20.31 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 44.05 #22.61 23.51 23.98 24.55 24.99 24.88 25.18 GREECE.................. 1845 2050 2173 2495 2648 2859 2874 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. 449.4 557.2 631.3 686.1 817.3 925.3 1029 1087 1173 1234 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 8.66 8.64 9.04 9.63 #12.99 13.34 14.32 15.66 15.99 16.66 17.59 ITALY................... 25962 26750 27340 28056 28613 29504 29453 #15.41 15.66 16.54 17.71 18.56 19.97 20.35 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 11.07 12.42 13.50 14.21 14.94 15.26 15.64 16.22 16.93 SPAIN................... 1476 1572 1656 1705 1774 1878 1940 #11.97 12.53 13.31 13.93 14.63 15.25 15.83 SWEDEN.................. 142.7 138.8 144.5 154.2 164.5 170.9 176.7 179.9 185.6 193.1 200.4 208.1 215.9 222.1 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.82 8.03 8.38 8.77 9.21 9.66 10.32 10.68 11.07 11.20 11.31 12.05 12.62 12.93 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: excludes uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 55 MACHINERY MANUFACTURING (NAICS 333) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL (2).............. .. .. .. .. 40 38 35 21 21 18 14 14 17 21 CANADA.................. 104 97 91 92 93 91 85 85 86 87 88 100 108 115 MEXICO.................. 13 15 17 10 10 10 10 10 11 12 13 12 12 13 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 81 84 93 89 78 80 69 62 69 87 103 104 ISRAEL.................. 56 53 58 68 66 70 67 63 62 63 55 56 56 54 JAPAN (3)............... 108 121 131 148 123 110 102 116 117 99 92 97 101 98 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 35 38 44 45 41 29 35 39 39 41 43 44 50 SINGAPORE (4)........... .. .. .. 51 52 51 45 36 39 38 35 34 38 33 TAIWAN.................. 30 30 31 34 33 32 28 28 29 28 25 24 25 26 AUSTRIA................. 127 122 128 149 137 118 117 114 98 94 98 115 127 127 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 142 134 115 112 107 94 89 97 113 126 126 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 14 15 14 13 15 18 21 24 25 DENMARK................. 110 105 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 111 90 104 129 121 105 99 97 83 84 87 103 117 116 FRANCE.................. 101 94 97 108 102 90 89 86 76 74 80 95 105 105 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 133 126 109 105 110 131 141 140 GREECE.................. 48 45 47 53 52 48 45 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 15 19 21 25 26 IRELAND................. 71 63 64 72 71 68 66 64 57 58 62 77 86 87 ITALY................... 119 96 94 96 101 92 89 85 72 70 76 92 106 105 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 133 111 105 101 86 82 87 103 115 117 NETHERLANDS............. 109 106 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 15 16 15 15 16 17 18 19 22 SPAIN................... 81 70 70 79 77 67 65 63 56 56 62 74 83 82 SWEDEN.................. 138 98 101 115 125 111 109 105 94 84 91 109 121 120 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 84 73 75 80 79 85 90 89 84 80 85 93 106 106 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes domestic appliances; excludes office machinery, optical lenses, photo & copying equip. and auto diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Excludes automotive diesel engines. (3) Excludes optical equipment and lens manufacturing. (4) Includes domestic appliances; excludes optical lenses, photographic and copying equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 56 MACHINERY MANUFACTURING (NAICS 333) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 17.52 17.81 18.08 18.28 19.01 19.56 20.05 20.58 21.47 22.13 22.60 23.48 23.88 24.56 BRAZIL (2).............. .. .. .. .. 7.55 7.39 7.07 4.35 4.55 3.92 3.26 3.28 4.03 5.24 CANADA.................. 18.19 17.32 16.45 16.89 17.59 17.84 17.05 17.51 18.42 19.25 19.96 23.50 25.71 28.25 MEXICO.................. 2.34 2.65 3.00 1.87 1.82 1.97 1.91 2.12 2.43 2.74 2.92 2.86 2.89 3.19 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.68 15.33 17.72 17.39 15.66 16.53 14.88 13.64 15.64 20.44 24.66 25.58 ISRAEL.................. 9.79 9.46 10.41 12.40 12.56 13.64 13.52 12.90 13.33 13.98 12.52 13.06 13.40 13.31 JAPAN (3)............... 18.87 21.64 23.78 26.99 23.37 21.60 20.44 23.79 25.16 21.99 20.69 22.88 24.09 24.09 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.31 6.90 8.02 8.58 8.05 5.73 7.17 8.46 8.64 9.15 10.16 10.55 12.23 SINGAPORE (4)........... .. .. .. 9.35 9.92 9.98 8.99 7.40 8.31 8.34 7.85 7.97 9.09 8.12 TAIWAN.................. 5.28 5.39 5.65 6.28 6.22 6.18 5.60 5.78 6.33 6.13 5.67 5.73 5.89 6.33 AUSTRIA................. 22.17 21.78 23.10 27.30 26.03 23.05 23.48 23.52 21.00 20.73 22.20 27.01 30.23 31.28 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 26.00 25.40 22.44 22.44 22.12 20.15 19.79 21.83 26.61 30.10 30.94 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 2.75 2.97 2.96 2.84 3.30 4.04 4.93 5.74 6.23 DENMARK................. 19.31 18.67 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 19.44 16.04 18.77 23.62 22.92 20.46 19.81 20.02 17.77 18.53 19.76 24.18 27.95 28.41 FRANCE.................. 17.64 16.78 17.45 19.66 19.34 17.54 17.89 17.73 16.25 16.43 17.99 22.25 25.13 25.89 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 26.70 25.84 23.35 23.15 24.95 30.65 33.77 34.31 GREECE.................. 8.48 8.00 8.54 9.73 9.83 9.37 8.99 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.96 3.36 4.23 5.01 5.96 6.27 IRELAND................. 12.36 11.31 11.65 13.12 13.58 13.26 13.17 13.14 12.22 12.83 13.91 17.99 20.42 21.45 ITALY................... 20.92 17.04 17.08 17.62 19.14 18.02 17.86 17.39 15.38 15.58 17.23 21.53 25.26 25.76 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 25.33 21.66 21.12 20.89 18.43 18.15 19.57 24.09 27.56 28.82 NETHERLANDS............. 19.03 18.91 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.98 3.27 3.16 3.14 3.63 3.77 4.12 4.57 5.42 SPAIN................... 14.19 12.48 12.68 14.44 14.69 13.13 13.05 12.87 12.04 12.44 14.04 17.28 19.83 20.07 SWEDEN.................. 24.17 17.48 18.28 21.09 23.68 21.80 21.91 21.57 20.28 18.60 20.56 25.57 28.96 29.42 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 14.73 12.92 13.51 14.54 14.98 16.57 18.07 18.39 18.13 17.79 19.26 21.84 25.34 25.92 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes domestic appliances; excludes office machinery, optical lenses, photo & copying equip. and auto diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Excludes automotive diesel engines. (3) Excludes optical equipment and lens manufacturing. (4) Includes domestic appliances; excludes optical lenses, photographic and copying equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 57 MACHINERY MANUFACTURING (NAICS 333) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 17.52 17.81 18.08 18.28 19.01 19.56 20.05 20.58 21.47 22.13 22.60 23.48 23.88 24.56 BRAZIL (2).............. .. .. .. .. 7.59 7.97 8.21 7.93 8.33 9.23 9.52 10.09 11.78 12.75 CANADA.................. 21.99 22.34 22.47 23.20 23.99 24.71 25.31 26.02 27.37 29.82 31.34 32.93 33.47 34.24 MEXICO.................. 7239 #8.25 10.13 12.00 13.80 15.57 17.52 20.28 22.99 25.60 28.21 30.82 32.64 34.70 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 20.07 20.70 22.63 23.39 24.89 25.60 25.59 26.40 28.76 31.34 33.49 33.54 ISRAEL.................. 24.08 26.78 31.36 37.34 40.11 47.04 51.38 53.39 54.33 58.81 59.33 59.47 60.04 59.75 JAPAN (3)............... 2392 2404 2430 2536 2542 2616 2677 2704 2713 2674 2591 2652 2606 2653 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5064 5543 6186 6902 7657 8017 8528 9566 11158 11442 12108 12084 12520 SINGAPORE (4)........... .. .. .. 13.25 13.99 14.84 15.04 12.54 14.33 14.95 14.07 13.90 15.36 13.51 TAIWAN.................. 133.0 142.4 149.4 166.4 170.8 177.8 188.0 186.8 197.9 207.4 195.8 197.3 196.4 203.4 AUSTRIA................. 243.7 253.5 263.6 275.2 275.7 281.4 290.7 #22.08 22.75 23.15 23.49 23.85 24.31 25.13 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 766.1 786.7 803.5 815.0 #20.76 21.83 22.11 23.09 23.50 24.20 24.85 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 87.03 95.72 102.5 109.7 125.4 132.3 139.1 147.6 149.2 DENMARK................. 116.6 121.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 87.25 91.82 98.22 103.4 105.3 106.3 105.9 #18.79 19.25 20.70 20.90 21.36 22.47 22.82 FRANCE.................. 93.39 95.09 96.80 98.03 98.95 102.4 105.6 #16.65 17.60 18.35 19.03 19.65 20.20 20.80 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 47.00 #24.26 25.30 25.86 26.39 27.07 27.15 27.56 GREECE.................. 1617 1835 2071 2255 2366 2558 2655 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 834.8 962.0 1090 1125 1208 1252 IRELAND................. 7.25 7.72 7.78 8.18 8.49 8.74 9.24 #12.33 13.24 14.34 14.72 15.89 16.41 17.23 ITALY................... 25773 26804 27514 28697 29528 30698 31023 #16.33 16.66 17.41 18.23 19.02 20.31 20.69 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 784.2 774.7 766.7 #19.61 19.97 20.28 20.70 21.28 22.16 23.15 NETHERLANDS............. 33.48 35.14 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.78 11.36 12.55 13.66 14.88 15.39 16.03 16.70 17.52 SPAIN................... 1454 1591 1698 1799 1862 1923 1950 #12.08 13.04 13.90 14.85 15.26 15.95 16.12 SWEDEN.................. 140.8 136.2 141.1 150.6 158.9 166.7 174.2 178.5 186.0 192.4 199.8 206.6 212.8 219.8 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 8.34 8.60 8.82 9.21 9.60 10.12 10.90 11.37 11.96 12.36 12.83 13.36 13.82 14.23 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes domestic appliances; excludes office machinery, optical lenses, photo & copying equip. and auto diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Excludes automotive diesel engines. (3) Excludes optical equipment and lens manufacturing. (4) Includes domestic appliances; excludes optical lenses, photographic and copying equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 58 COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 334) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 42 42 42 26 32 24 20 16 18 25 MEXICO.................. 11 12 15 10 9 9 8 9 11 12 12 12 11 11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 87 104 116 102 82 85 73 62 66 81 92 84 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 83 84 84 83 83 80 85 72 68 63 59 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 24 34 40 44 40 27 31 33 30 34 36 41 46 SINGAPORE (2)........... .. .. .. 39 41 38 33 30 31 29 24 25 25 25 TAIWAN.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 24 24 FINLAND................. 98 78 88 110 109 96 89 88 74 69 72 89 98 95 FRANCE.................. 108 96 97 108 103 88 87 84 74 72 74 88 95 92 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 123 117 101 94 97 114 119 112 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 76 79 69 67 62 57 59 59 72 83 77 ITALY................... 126 101 101 103 109 100 94 90 77 74 77 92 103 98 SPAIN................... 85 73 71 80 82 69 67 66 53 50 54 62 72 68 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes office machinery; excludes reproduction of recorded media and measurement & navigation equipment. See technical notes. (2) Excludes reproduction of recorded media, measurement & navigation equipment, and watches & clocks. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 59 COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 334) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 16.48 16.97 17.32 17.37 17.92 18.80 19.54 19.99 20.83 21.99 23.25 24.08 25.00 26.63 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.55 7.92 8.18 5.14 6.59 5.38 4.55 3.84 4.46 6.67 MEXICO.................. 1.77 2.07 2.63 1.69 1.63 1.74 1.65 1.87 2.19 2.56 2.81 2.84 2.81 2.88 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 15.08 18.04 20.81 19.17 16.11 16.92 15.17 13.64 15.36 19.55 22.98 22.27 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 14.50 15.01 15.75 16.31 16.65 16.70 18.75 16.70 16.37 15.83 15.83 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4.06 5.82 7.02 7.83 7.53 5.19 6.20 6.86 6.49 7.85 8.60 10.32 12.34 SINGAPORE (2)........... .. .. .. 6.70 7.28 7.15 6.49 6.03 6.43 6.30 5.69 6.12 6.36 6.68 TAIWAN.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5.51 5.98 6.51 FINLAND................. 16.14 13.32 15.30 19.04 19.55 17.98 17.46 17.64 15.37 15.16 16.68 21.36 24.47 25.23 FRANCE.................. 17.72 16.33 16.82 18.76 18.50 16.61 16.93 16.77 15.33 15.74 17.14 21.12 23.86 24.49 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 24.12 23.32 21.06 20.77 22.47 27.33 29.69 29.92 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 13.29 14.13 12.89 13.04 12.38 11.80 12.87 13.73 17.29 20.83 20.39 ITALY................... 20.79 17.19 17.46 17.98 19.54 18.72 18.31 17.97 16.12 16.19 18.00 22.26 25.68 26.21 SPAIN................... 14.08 12.38 12.34 13.82 14.68 12.96 13.09 13.10 10.98 11.03 12.58 14.99 18.12 18.21 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes office machinery; excludes reproduction of recorded media and measurement & navigation equipment. See technical notes. (2) Excludes reproduction of recorded media, measurement & navigation equipment, and watches & clocks. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 60 COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 334) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 16.48 16.97 17.32 17.37 17.92 18.80 19.54 19.99 20.83 21.99 23.25 24.08 25.00 26.63 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.58 8.54 9.50 9.36 12.06 12.66 13.29 11.81 13.05 16.24 MEXICO.................. 5484 #6.46 8.87 10.82 12.42 13.76 15.10 17.84 20.75 23.88 27.14 30.69 31.70 31.36 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 20.61 24.36 26.57 25.78 25.61 26.21 26.09 26.40 28.24 29.96 31.21 29.19 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 43.65 47.90 54.32 61.96 68.94 68.08 78.86 79.14 74.56 70.96 71.03 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3255 4680 5412 6300 7163 7261 7380 7755 8384 9813 10248 11820 12631 SINGAPORE (2)........... .. .. .. 9.49 10.27 10.62 10.85 10.22 11.10 11.29 10.19 10.67 10.75 11.11 TAIWAN.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 189.5 199.6 209.2 FINLAND................. 72.42 76.24 80.06 83.32 89.84 93.44 93.35 #16.56 16.64 16.94 17.64 18.87 19.67 20.26 FRANCE.................. 93.80 92.54 93.30 93.52 94.67 97.00 99.91 #15.75 16.61 17.58 18.13 18.66 19.18 19.67 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 42.45 #21.89 22.82 23.21 23.77 24.14 23.87 24.04 IRELAND................. .. .. .. 8.29 8.83 8.50 9.15 #11.63 12.78 14.38 14.52 15.27 16.75 16.38 ITALY................... 25617 27035 28135 29289 30155 31904 31811 #16.87 17.46 18.08 19.05 19.66 20.65 21.06 SPAIN................... 1442 1579 1653 1722 1860 1899 1956 #12.30 11.89 12.32 13.31 13.24 14.57 14.62 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: includes office machinery; excludes reproduction of recorded media and measurement & navigation equipment. See technical notes. (2) Excludes reproduction of recorded media, measurement & navigation equipment, and watches & clocks. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 61 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCE, AND COMPONENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 335) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 47 41 40 24 24 20 17 17 17 24 CANADA.................. 112 104 101 100 91 87 83 78 82 81 80 86 91 99 MEXICO.................. 13 14 17 10 10 10 9 10 12 13 14 14 13 14 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 80 88 95 87 76 78 66 63 77 88 93 102 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 55 56 58 58 56 59 59 53 53 54 55 JAPAN (2)............... 101 117 130 144 125 110 102 118 124 104 100 104 108 104 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 27 38 42 42 37 26 31 36 29 40 42 43 46 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 48 52 45 41 34 37 36 34 39 37 34 TAIWAN.................. 33 33 36 37 37 35 31 32 32 30 27 26 25 26 AUSTRIA................. 132 133 137 155 147 122 120 115 95 91 98 115 123 123 DENMARK................. 121 114 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 116 93 104 127 126 107 103 98 86 87 95 108 118 119 FRANCE.................. 115 108 109 119 112 97 98 97 86 85 92 109 118 118 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 135 128 112 106 114 134 141 139 GREECE.................. 54 50 52 58 58 53 52 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 78 74 71 67 65 58 57 65 82 94 86 ITALY................... 137 108 106 105 109 96 93 88 75 72 78 93 102 102 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 115 96 100 96 83 77 81 98 106 107 NETHERLANDS............. 120 117 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 17 18 18 16 17 18 18 19 21 SPAIN................... 97 83 79 87 83 68 63 60 55 54 54 67 74 78 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 88 75 77 79 78 81 87 88 83 78 84 94 103 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: excludes domestic appliances. See technical notes. (2) Includes electronic medical equipment and electronic measuring instruments. Includes video recording and duplicating equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 62 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCE, AND COMPONENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 335) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.15 15.45 15.78 16.26 16.86 17.84 18.11 18.44 19.14 20.01 20.22 21.08 21.91 22.57 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.86 7.38 7.16 4.35 4.50 3.95 3.42 3.64 3.77 5.46 CANADA.................. 17.01 16.08 15.87 16.27 15.35 15.51 14.99 14.41 15.68 16.17 16.16 18.19 19.93 22.29 MEXICO.................. 1.98 2.11 2.64 1.70 1.65 1.77 1.70 1.91 2.24 2.63 2.91 2.98 2.92 3.19 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 12.70 14.28 15.99 15.47 13.83 14.38 12.71 12.60 15.50 18.51 20.39 23.00 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 8.90 9.48 10.36 10.47 10.38 11.31 11.72 10.64 11.12 11.90 12.50 JAPAN (2)............... 15.33 18.08 20.52 23.50 21.05 19.59 18.55 21.81 23.67 20.86 20.15 21.95 23.75 23.42 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4.23 5.93 6.76 7.11 6.64 4.77 5.67 6.80 5.85 8.16 8.90 9.52 10.37 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 7.87 8.85 8.08 7.39 6.23 7.07 7.24 6.82 8.30 8.00 7.76 TAIWAN.................. 4.94 5.11 5.72 6.08 6.25 6.16 5.53 5.83 6.09 5.94 5.45 5.57 5.54 5.90 AUSTRIA................. 20.06 20.51 21.66 25.19 24.73 21.82 21.74 21.11 18.27 18.11 19.73 24.27 26.95 27.68 DENMARK................. 18.34 17.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.64 14.39 16.45 20.69 21.25 19.13 18.57 18.16 16.53 17.35 19.23 22.71 25.79 26.75 FRANCE.................. 17.41 16.63 17.21 19.30 18.91 17.32 17.82 17.87 16.51 17.01 18.55 22.91 25.88 26.68 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 24.47 23.68 21.44 21.23 23.01 28.18 31.00 31.43 GREECE.................. 8.24 7.79 8.20 9.36 9.76 9.50 9.38 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 12.64 12.51 12.60 12.13 12.00 11.02 11.48 13.16 17.33 20.49 19.33 ITALY................... 20.80 16.74 16.67 17.05 18.42 17.13 16.78 16.23 14.29 14.32 15.78 19.50 22.43 22.92 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 19.36 17.18 18.03 17.66 15.89 15.32 16.44 20.61 23.17 24.12 NETHERLANDS............. 18.22 18.10 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.05 3.34 3.23 3.06 3.45 3.61 3.81 4.08 4.80 SPAIN................... 14.72 12.80 12.51 14.09 13.95 12.10 11.45 11.11 10.53 10.75 10.90 14.20 16.18 17.68 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 13.38 11.61 12.16 12.81 13.11 14.43 15.77 16.30 15.93 15.61 16.94 19.81 22.57 22.88 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: excludes domestic appliances. See technical notes. (2) Includes electronic medical equipment and electronic measuring instruments. Includes video recording and duplicating equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 63 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCE, AND COMPONENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 335) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.15 15.45 15.78 16.26 16.86 17.84 18.11 18.44 19.14 20.01 20.22 21.08 21.91 22.57 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 7.90 7.95 8.31 7.92 8.24 9.28 10.00 11.19 11.02 13.30 CANADA.................. 20.56 20.75 21.68 22.34 20.94 21.48 22.25 21.41 23.30 25.04 25.37 25.49 25.95 27.01 MEXICO.................. 6136 #6.57 8.91 10.90 12.57 14.02 15.54 18.23 21.21 24.51 28.14 32.12 32.94 34.71 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 17.36 19.28 20.41 20.80 21.98 22.27 21.87 24.38 28.51 28.37 27.69 30.16 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 26.79 30.25 35.72 39.80 42.95 46.10 49.29 50.42 50.65 53.32 56.10 JAPAN (2)............... 1944 2009 2097 2208 2290 2372 2430 2479 2552 2536 2523 2544 2570 2578 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 3396 4768 5213 5723 6314 6681 6750 7692 7564 10201 10614 10897 10622 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 11.16 12.48 12.00 12.36 10.57 12.20 12.98 12.21 14.46 13.52 12.91 TAIWAN.................. 124.2 135.0 151.4 161.1 171.7 177.3 185.6 188.6 190.3 201.1 188.1 191.5 184.8 189.5 AUSTRIA................. 220.4 238.7 247.2 253.9 261.9 266.4 269.2 #19.82 19.79 20.23 20.88 21.44 21.67 22.24 DENMARK................. 110.7 114.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 79.16 82.37 86.12 90.52 97.63 99.38 99.31 #17.04 17.90 19.38 20.34 20.06 20.74 21.49 FRANCE.................. 92.18 94.26 95.43 96.24 96.76 101.1 105.1 #16.77 17.89 19.00 19.62 20.24 20.81 21.43 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 43.06 #22.23 23.22 23.71 24.34 24.89 24.92 25.25 GREECE.................. 1570 1786 1991 2170 2349 2594 2771 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. IRELAND................. .. .. .. 7.88 7.82 8.31 8.51 #11.27 11.93 12.83 13.92 15.31 16.48 15.53 ITALY................... 25631 26325 26852 27772 28425 29190 29147 #15.24 15.48 15.99 16.69 17.23 18.03 18.41 LUXEMBOURG.............. .. .. .. .. 599.4 614.4 654.6 #16.58 17.21 17.12 17.39 18.21 18.63 19.38 NETHERLANDS............. 32.05 33.62 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 10.01 11.64 12.83 13.33 14.12 14.73 14.81 14.94 15.53 SPAIN................... 1507 1632 1675 1756 1768 1772 1710 #10.42 11.41 12.01 11.53 12.54 13.01 14.20 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 7.57 7.73 7.94 8.11 8.40 8.81 9.52 10.08 10.51 10.85 11.28 12.12 12.31 12.56 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Korea: excludes domestic appliances. See technical notes. (2) Includes electronic medical equipment and electronic measuring instruments. Includes video recording and duplicating equipment. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 64 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 336) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 39 39 39 25 26 20 16 16 18 23 CANADA.................. 91 86 82 83 81 79 78 79 75 71 68 75 83 87 MEXICO.................. 11 12 14 9 8 9 8 9 10 11 11 10 10 10 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 55 59 68 67 62 66 56 49 53 65 75 78 ISRAEL.................. 65 61 54 59 63 67 66 65 68 64 55 60 62 60 JAPAN................... 85 97 103 114 97 90 85 99 98 82 74 77 81 78 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 25 34 39 44 37 29 38 40 33 41 41 45 52 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 37 38 38 34 34 31 26 24 30 28 20 TAIWAN.................. 30 29 28 29 28 29 26 29 27 28 21 20 20 21 AUSTRIA................. 92 87 90 105 98 85 88 88 75 67 65 76 82 82 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 116 113 98 100 99 85 79 81 94 105 105 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 11 13 13 12 13 15 17 19 21 DENMARK................. 93 85 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 83 69 76 98 91 79 80 79 68 63 65 79 85 82 FRANCE.................. 83 76 76 84 81 71 72 72 63 60 61 72 81 81 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 128 128 110 102 101 118 129 128 GREECE.................. 42 37 40 48 49 47 47 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 15 17 21 24 25 IRELAND................. 64 54 53 57 58 57 56 58 51 50 55 68 77 77 ITALY................... 90 71 69 72 77 72 72 70 59 55 56 66 74 73 NETHERLANDS............. 82 77 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 12 14 13 13 14 13 13 15 17 SPAIN................... 77 66 61 66 64 57 59 59 52 47 48 59 65 66 SWEDEN.................. 105 72 74 87 95 88 90 89 80 68 71 84 94 92 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 72 61 61 65 64 71 77 80 73 69 71 81 95 93 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 65 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 336) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 23.52 24.49 25.44 25.66 26.32 26.63 26.27 26.14 27.52 29.25 31.40 32.81 33.30 34.45 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.16 10.45 10.24 6.63 7.13 5.84 4.93 5.17 5.97 7.82 CANADA.................. 21.50 21.12 20.92 21.27 21.30 21.15 20.54 20.66 20.75 20.67 21.33 24.75 27.55 30.01 MEXICO.................. 2.64 2.96 3.57 2.25 2.17 2.31 2.19 2.44 2.82 3.21 3.42 3.35 3.38 3.54 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.02 15.10 17.81 17.81 16.29 17.16 15.43 14.38 16.69 21.25 25.10 26.84 ISRAEL.................. 15.39 14.95 13.68 15.16 16.65 17.75 17.32 17.08 18.79 18.80 17.39 19.84 20.48 20.69 JAPAN................... 20.06 23.81 26.29 29.15 25.65 24.05 22.35 25.76 27.06 24.07 23.39 25.33 27.05 26.84 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.22 8.53 9.99 11.67 9.92 7.74 9.83 10.91 9.64 12.77 13.29 15.11 17.78 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 9.50 10.06 10.17 9.03 8.88 8.55 7.53 7.66 9.82 9.27 6.86 TAIWAN.................. 6.97 7.00 7.20 7.47 7.42 7.79 6.86 7.47 7.35 8.29 6.73 6.49 6.79 7.17 AUSTRIA................. 21.59 21.32 22.96 26.88 25.82 22.71 23.09 22.93 20.78 19.69 20.56 25.08 27.27 28.37 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 29.70 29.66 26.04 26.21 25.81 23.48 23.08 25.44 30.99 35.04 36.01 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 3.00 3.32 3.36 3.20 3.84 4.61 5.74 6.45 7.24 DENMARK................. 21.77 20.74 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 19.61 16.95 19.38 25.09 23.91 20.99 20.98 20.71 18.69 18.41 20.51 25.76 28.44 28.22 FRANCE.................. 19.62 18.72 19.36 21.68 21.29 18.97 19.00 18.74 17.25 17.53 19.12 23.71 26.87 27.78 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33.72 33.35 30.35 29.89 31.59 38.77 43.02 43.93 GREECE.................. 9.80 9.14 10.21 12.22 12.77 12.60 12.23 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.96 4.48 5.47 6.75 7.91 8.46 IRELAND................. 15.08 13.19 13.55 14.57 15.23 15.05 14.75 15.12 14.01 14.73 17.23 22.31 25.71 26.57 ITALY................... 21.29 17.50 17.61 18.44 20.19 19.11 18.81 18.32 16.25 16.17 17.68 21.71 24.80 25.30 NETHERLANDS............. 19.39 18.85 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.31 3.62 3.51 3.52 4.02 4.01 4.31 4.98 5.78 SPAIN................... 18.05 16.20 15.41 16.85 16.83 15.08 15.42 15.42 14.18 13.89 15.18 19.37 21.51 22.64 SWEDEN.................. 24.81 17.74 18.71 22.28 25.08 23.45 23.70 23.19 21.90 19.97 22.35 27.69 31.39 31.68 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 17.01 14.89 15.63 16.60 16.90 18.90 20.35 20.82 20.18 20.12 22.28 26.74 31.53 32.08 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 66 TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 336) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 23.52 24.49 25.44 25.66 26.32 26.63 26.27 26.14 27.52 29.25 31.40 32.81 33.30 34.45 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.22 11.26 11.89 12.08 13.05 13.75 14.41 15.90 17.46 19.04 CANADA.................. 25.99 27.24 28.58 29.20 29.05 29.29 30.48 30.70 30.83 32.02 33.48 34.67 35.87 36.37 MEXICO.................. 8174 #9.23 12.05 14.44 16.46 18.25 20.00 23.35 26.71 29.98 33.06 36.12 38.18 38.55 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 19.17 20.38 22.75 23.96 25.90 26.58 26.54 27.83 30.69 32.58 34.08 35.18 ISRAEL.................. 37.84 42.30 41.20 45.66 53.16 61.23 65.83 70.72 76.60 79.06 82.41 90.35 91.79 92.87 JAPAN................... 2544 2645 2687 2739 2791 2912 2928 2929 2917 2927 2928 2936 2927 2955 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 4990 6851 7708 9389 9429 10838 11697 12337 12450 15961 15839 17300 18209 SINGAPORE............... .. .. .. 13.46 14.18 15.11 15.10 15.06 14.74 13.50 13.72 17.12 15.66 11.42 TAIWAN.................. 175.4 185.0 190.5 198.0 203.8 224.3 230.1 241.5 229.8 280.3 232.4 223.5 226.5 230.5 AUSTRIA................. 237.2 248.2 262.0 270.9 273.4 277.3 285.9 #21.53 22.51 22.00 21.75 22.15 21.93 22.79 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 875.4 918.5 932.6 951.5 #24.23 25.44 25.78 26.91 27.38 28.17 28.93 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. 95.19 107.0 116.3 123.5 146.0 150.8 161.9 165.8 173.6 DENMARK................. 131.4 134.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 88.00 97.01 101.4 109.8 109.8 109.0 112.2 #19.44 20.25 20.56 21.70 22.75 22.86 22.67 FRANCE.................. 103.9 106.1 107.4 108.1 108.9 110.8 112.1 #17.60 18.68 19.58 20.23 20.94 21.60 22.32 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 59.35 #31.31 32.88 33.38 33.42 34.25 34.59 35.29 GREECE.................. 1867 2095 2477 2832 3074 3440 3613 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1116 1283 1410 1515 1604 1689 IRELAND................. 8.85 9.00 9.05 9.08 9.52 9.93 10.35 #14.20 15.17 16.46 18.23 19.71 20.67 21.34 ITALY................... 26224 27524 28363 30044 31152 32558 32670 #17.20 17.60 18.07 18.71 19.18 19.94 20.32 NETHERLANDS............. 34.10 35.03 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 10.87 12.61 13.95 15.31 16.44 16.38 16.75 18.20 18.71 SPAIN................... 1848 2065 2063 2100 2132 2210 2303 #14.47 15.36 15.52 16.06 17.11 17.30 18.19 SWEDEN.................. 144.6 138.3 144.4 159.1 168.2 179.3 188.5 191.9 200.9 206.5 217.2 223.8 230.6 236.7 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.63 9.91 10.20 10.52 10.83 11.54 12.28 12.88 13.32 13.98 14.84 16.35 17.21 17.61 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 67 MOTOR VEHICLE AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3361-3363) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 38 38 39 25 26 20 15 15 17 22 CANADA (2).............. 92 88 84 85 83 81 82 83 79 74 71 79 86 91 MEXICO.................. 11 12 13 8 8 8 8 9 10 11 11 10 10 10 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 52 56 61 59 56 61 54 46 49 61 72 73 JAPAN (3)............... 78 91 96 106 91 85 83 97 97 81 75 78 80 76 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 25 28 35 41 32 27 35 37 32 38 38 43 47 TAIWAN.................. 27 26 26 27 25 27 25 29 26 27 22 20 22 22 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 110 107 92 97 96 83 76 78 92 103 101 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 11 13 14 17 19 21 DENMARK................. 75 70 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 70 58 64 83 75 65 70 70 61 58 60 73 81 77 FRANCE.................. 76 70 70 78 74 65 68 68 59 56 58 69 77 76 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 127 127 109 101 99 117 129 126 IRELAND................. 46 40 40 45 45 44 47 51 46 45 46 61 64 65 ITALY................... 86 68 65 67 71 66 69 68 57 53 54 64 72 71 NETHERLANDS............. 74 70 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 12 13 13 12 12 12 13 14 16 SPAIN................... 71 61 57 62 60 53 56 56 49 45 46 57 63 63 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 69 58 59 62 61 66 74 75 69 64 65 73 87 82 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Data for motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (NAICS 3362) are not available and not included. (3) Includes motorcycles. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 68 MOTOR VEHICLE AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3361-3363) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 25.19 26.01 27.00 27.11 27.88 28.26 27.21 26.98 28.50 30.39 32.49 33.88 34.09 35.62 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.52 10.79 10.54 6.75 7.27 5.97 4.94 5.11 5.85 7.76 CANADA (2).............. 23.11 22.79 22.68 22.96 23.15 23.01 22.39 22.49 22.47 22.37 23.07 26.60 29.39 32.28 MEXICO.................. 2.71 3.02 3.62 2.27 2.19 2.32 2.19 2.46 2.84 3.22 3.43 3.35 3.38 3.52 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 14.13 15.13 16.93 16.80 15.30 16.59 15.32 13.99 15.96 20.54 24.44 25.96 JAPAN (3)............... 19.67 23.54 25.91 28.69 25.42 24.00 22.55 26.06 27.61 24.75 24.22 26.55 27.38 27.12 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 6.41 7.67 9.54 11.36 9.17 7.36 9.57 10.68 9.84 12.22 12.94 14.67 16.61 TAIWAN.................. 6.72 6.76 6.93 7.20 6.97 7.52 6.87 7.71 7.35 8.06 7.05 6.85 7.48 7.75 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 29.83 29.78 26.13 26.26 25.86 23.53 23.13 25.49 31.06 35.12 36.09 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.50 3.25 3.94 4.69 5.83 6.54 7.32 DENMARK................. 19.01 18.29 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 17.55 15.16 17.34 22.45 20.88 18.47 19.12 18.76 17.35 17.57 19.47 24.76 27.53 27.44 FRANCE.................. 19.24 18.27 18.81 21.02 20.63 18.46 18.50 18.30 16.88 17.16 18.72 23.21 26.33 27.25 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.64 34.28 31.20 30.62 32.22 39.57 44.02 44.95 IRELAND................. 11.49 10.42 10.73 12.13 12.45 12.56 12.69 13.86 13.10 13.54 14.90 20.50 21.92 23.16 ITALY................... 21.57 17.63 17.65 18.29 19.89 18.74 18.64 18.23 16.20 16.11 17.60 21.61 24.68 25.17 NETHERLANDS............. 18.53 18.11 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.31 3.54 3.41 3.35 3.73 3.92 4.33 4.93 5.69 SPAIN................... 17.94 15.92 15.38 16.81 16.78 15.02 15.31 15.22 13.84 13.62 15.05 19.16 21.37 22.33 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 17.50 15.19 15.99 16.76 16.97 18.76 20.07 20.35 19.55 19.35 21.22 24.77 29.55 29.27 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Data for motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (NAICS 3362) are not available and not included. (3) Includes motorcycles. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 69 MOTOR VEHICLE AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3361-3363) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 25.19 26.01 27.00 27.11 27.88 28.26 27.21 26.98 28.50 30.39 32.49 33.88 34.09 35.62 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 10.57 11.63 12.24 12.28 13.30 14.04 14.43 15.72 17.11 18.90 CANADA (2).............. 27.94 29.40 30.99 31.52 31.57 31.87 33.22 33.42 33.39 34.65 36.23 37.27 38.27 39.13 MEXICO.................. 8397 #9.40 12.23 14.60 16.61 18.37 20.08 23.46 26.82 30.08 33.14 36.15 38.12 38.35 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 19.31 20.42 21.61 22.59 24.33 25.70 26.35 27.08 29.35 31.49 33.19 34.03 JAPAN (3)............... 2494 2615 2649 2696 2766 2907 2954 2963 2976 3010 3033 3077 2962 2986 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... .. 5145 6162 7355 9138 8718 10307 11390 12084 12718 15276 15423 16801 17005 TAIWAN.................. 169.1 178.6 183.4 190.8 191.6 216.5 230.6 249.3 229.6 272.6 243.5 235.5 249.6 249.0 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 879.2 922.3 935.8 953.5 #24.28 25.49 25.84 26.96 27.43 28.23 28.99 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 121.0 125.5 150.0 153.4 164.5 168.2 175.3 DENMARK................. 114.7 118.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 78.75 86.82 90.76 98.25 95.94 95.99 102.2 #17.61 18.79 19.62 20.60 21.87 22.14 22.05 FRANCE.................. 101.9 103.6 104.3 104.8 105.6 107.8 109.2 #17.17 18.28 19.17 19.80 20.50 21.17 21.89 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 60.96 #32.18 33.79 34.21 34.08 34.95 35.39 36.11 IRELAND................. 6.74 7.11 7.17 7.56 7.79 8.28 8.90 #13.01 14.19 15.12 15.76 18.11 17.63 18.61 ITALY................... 26572 27725 28434 29790 30696 31927 32386 #17.11 17.55 18.00 18.62 19.09 19.84 20.22 NETHERLANDS............. 32.59 33.64 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 10.84 12.34 13.55 14.56 15.26 16.01 16.82 18.02 18.43 SPAIN................... 1837 2029 2060 2095 2126 2200 2288 #14.28 14.99 15.22 15.92 16.92 17.18 17.94 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.91 10.11 10.44 10.62 10.87 11.46 12.11 12.59 12.90 13.44 14.13 15.15 16.12 16.07 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil, Korea: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes. (2) Data for motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (NAICS 3362) are not available and not included. (3) Includes motorcycles. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 70 AEROSPACE PRODUCT AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3364) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 48 60 55 35 37 28 31 26 29 37 CANADA.................. 88 81 76 78 75 76 70 71 67 62 59 66 74 80 TAIWAN.................. 58 53 50 51 46 46 41 46 40 41 31 31 29 29 FINLAND................. 105 86 95 122 103 95 91 105 85 74 78 92 95 101 FRANCE.................. 98 91 92 103 99 87 85 84 74 70 73 85 92 92 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 115 111 94 88 90 103 108 108 ITALY................... 83 70 70 78 88 87 82 80 68 63 65 75 81 81 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 73 62 62 66 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil: excludes guided missiles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 71 AEROSPACE PRODUCT AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3364) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 23.91 25.04 26.02 26.20 26.86 26.93 27.80 27.85 29.37 31.35 33.02 34.99 36.48 37.18 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 13.00 16.26 15.26 9.66 10.84 8.87 10.18 9.24 10.75 13.68 CANADA.................. 21.02 20.38 19.67 20.36 20.21 20.39 19.32 19.78 19.78 19.46 19.58 23.12 26.97 29.82 TAIWAN.................. 13.91 13.21 12.97 13.25 12.36 12.40 11.49 12.89 11.72 13.01 10.20 10.92 10.68 10.84 FINLAND................. 25.01 21.61 24.71 31.99 27.65 25.47 25.39 29.13 24.94 23.31 25.85 32.22 34.76 37.69 FRANCE.................. 23.43 22.82 23.93 26.95 26.48 23.50 23.70 23.43 21.69 21.99 23.97 29.66 33.41 34.33 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 31.92 30.81 27.53 27.49 29.68 36.20 39.24 40.18 ITALY................... 19.89 17.47 18.32 20.52 23.53 23.31 22.81 22.31 19.90 19.68 21.43 26.15 29.61 30.20 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 17.54 15.50 16.13 17.33 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil: excludes guided missiles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 72 AEROSPACE PRODUCT AND PARTS MANUFACTURING (NAICS 3364) (1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 23.91 25.04 26.02 26.20 26.86 26.93 27.80 27.85 29.37 31.35 33.02 34.99 36.48 37.18 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 13.06 17.53 17.71 17.59 19.84 20.86 29.74 28.41 31.47 33.31 CANADA.................. 25.41 26.30 26.87 27.95 27.56 28.24 28.68 29.39 29.39 30.15 30.75 32.39 35.12 36.14 TAIWAN.................. 350.0 348.9 343.3 351.3 339.6 356.9 385.4 416.7 366.5 439.8 352.2 375.7 356.5 348.3 FINLAND................. 112.2 123.7 129.3 140.0 127.1 132.3 135.8 #27.35 27.01 26.04 27.34 28.46 27.95 30.28 FRANCE.................. 124.0 129.3 132.7 134.4 135.5 137.2 139.8 #21.99 23.50 24.56 25.35 26.20 26.86 27.58 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. 56.18 #28.92 29.83 30.71 31.40 31.98 31.55 32.28 ITALY................... 24499 27480 29522 33431 36313 39725 39621 #20.94 21.56 21.99 22.66 23.10 23.81 24.26 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 9.93 10.32 10.53 10.98 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) For NACE countries, Brazil: excludes guided missiles. See technical notes. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 73 FURNITURE AND RELATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 337) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 23 22 19 12 13 10 8 9 10 13 CANADA.................. 100 95 88 87 90 86 81 82 82 78 82 90 103 114 MEXICO.................. 12 14 16 9 9 9 8 8 9 10 10 10 10 11 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 93 95 102 94 81 85 72 64 73 94 111 109 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 56 58 59 56 52 55 54 46 47 50 50 JAPAN................... 110 127 134 147 121 110 98 110 108 88 85 87 92 89 TAIWAN.................. 35 35 36 36 35 33 28 28 29 29 26 24 25 26 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 183 174 150 146 138 119 114 124 145 162 163 FINLAND................. 127 102 111 135 131 111 99 103 88 85 91 110 119 126 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 122 116 123 144 154 152 GREECE.................. 55 52 56 63 66 62 57 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SPAIN................... 94 78 73 79 73 64 61 58 50 48 52 63 71 74 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 74 FURNITURE AND RELATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 337) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 12.20 12.47 12.73 13.20 13.63 14.10 14.61 15.01 15.78 16.50 16.77 17.43 17.68 18.14 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.13 3.04 2.85 1.81 1.97 1.68 1.42 1.53 1.76 2.33 CANADA.................. 12.14 11.87 11.21 11.50 12.25 12.15 11.77 12.27 12.93 12.93 13.71 15.65 18.13 20.68 MEXICO.................. 1.44 1.70 1.98 1.22 1.17 1.23 1.16 1.26 1.44 1.63 1.75 1.74 1.80 1.95 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 11.84 12.60 13.89 13.32 11.91 12.77 11.34 10.52 12.29 16.42 19.55 19.71 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 7.37 7.89 8.30 8.19 7.83 8.61 8.94 7.73 8.21 8.81 9.08 JAPAN................... 13.45 15.83 17.07 19.35 16.50 15.51 14.31 16.48 17.10 14.50 14.26 15.23 16.31 16.17 TAIWAN.................. 4.32 4.39 4.54 4.78 4.71 4.61 4.04 4.26 4.63 4.78 4.28 4.11 4.46 4.66 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 24.17 23.74 21.13 21.38 20.76 18.82 18.80 20.75 25.34 28.61 29.51 FINLAND................. 15.45 12.75 14.12 17.78 17.84 15.68 14.51 15.39 13.95 14.08 15.25 19.11 21.07 22.95 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 19.22 19.12 20.64 25.07 27.23 27.54 GREECE.................. 6.77 6.50 7.11 8.36 9.04 8.68 8.27 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SPAIN................... 11.49 9.78 9.27 10.38 10.00 9.06 8.92 8.71 7.82 7.94 8.71 11.02 12.62 13.36 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 75 FURNITURE AND RELATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (NAICS 337) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 12.20 12.47 12.73 13.20 13.63 14.10 14.61 15.01 15.78 16.50 16.77 17.43 17.68 18.14 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 3.14 3.28 3.30 3.30 3.61 3.95 4.14 4.70 5.15 5.66 CANADA.................. 14.68 15.31 15.31 15.79 16.71 16.83 17.47 18.23 19.21 20.03 21.52 21.93 23.60 25.06 MEXICO.................. 4449 #5.30 6.67 7.84 8.86 9.75 10.60 12.06 13.60 15.24 16.94 18.77 20.29 21.20 AUSTRALIA............... .. .. 16.19 17.01 17.74 17.91 18.93 19.78 19.51 20.35 22.60 25.17 26.55 25.84 ISRAEL.................. .. .. .. 22.18 25.19 28.62 31.12 32.43 35.10 37.62 36.64 37.38 39.49 40.76 JAPAN................... 1706 1759 1745 1818 1795 1878 1875 1874 1844 1763 1786 1765 1765 1780 TAIWAN.................. 108.6 116.0 120.2 126.7 129.4 132.6 135.6 137.7 144.8 161.5 147.8 141.4 148.7 149.7 BELGIUM................. .. .. .. 712.3 735.2 756.6 776.4 #19.48 20.39 21.00 21.95 22.38 23.00 23.71 FINLAND................. 69.34 73.00 73.88 77.80 81.97 81.47 77.61 #14.44 15.11 15.73 16.14 16.88 16.94 18.44 GERMANY................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.82 21.36 21.83 22.15 21.89 22.12 GREECE.................. 1291 1490 1726 1937 2176 2372 2445 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SPAIN................... 1176 1246 1242 1293 1267 1327 1332 #8.18 8.47 8.87 9.21 9.73 10.15 10.73 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007