HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 33 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 22 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1992-2005 MANUFACTURING IMPORTANT NOTE: DATA IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE INTRODUCTION. THE INTRODUCTION CAN BE ACCESSED AT: ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/indnotesnaics.txt. General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 06-2020, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2005," November 30, 2006. For some countries, data for total manufacturing have been revised in these tables to reflect revisions subsequent to the news release. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for most NAICS 3-digit level industries; selected additional industry combinations are shown as well. These data as well as data on a U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) basis for selected years, 1975-2002, are available at https://www.bls.gov/fls. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the Euro area (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1992-1998, and in euros for 1999-2005. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 6. Notations: .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, December 14, 2007. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 7 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 32 32 30 18 18 14 12 12 14 17 CANADA.................. 110 104 97 96 96 93 86 85 84 79 78 88 95 101 MEXICO.................. 14 14 16 10 9 10 9 10 11 11 12 11 11 11 AUSTRALIA............... 83 77 84 89 96 92 82 84 73 65 72 89 102 105 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 25 26 27 28 29 30 29 28 28 28 27 25 24 24 ISRAEL.................. 51 48 49 55 57 59 59 56 58 59 52 52 53 53 JAPAN................... 101 115 125 137 115 104 95 108 112 94 87 91 96 92 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 33 34 38 42 46 43 31 39 42 38 41 44 49 57 NEW ZEALAND............. 50 49 54 60 64 62 51 50 43 39 43 53 60 63 SINGAPORE............... 30 31 37 44 46 44 40 37 37 34 31 32 32 32 SRI LANKA............... 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 .. TAIWAN.................. 32 32 33 35 34 33 29 31 32 30 26 26 26 27 AUSTRIA................. 127 123 128 147 139 120 119 114 97 93 97 115 125 124 BELGIUM................. 129 123 131 149 142 122 122 117 102 97 102 120 132 130 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 15 17 15 16 16 14 15 18 21 24 26 DENMARK................. 129 121 126 147 143 129 130 129 111 108 114 136 151 150 FINLAND................. 120 97 108 132 125 110 105 104 91 88 93 110 122 120 FRANCE.................. 109 101 102 112 107 94 94 90 79 76 80 95 105 104 GERMANY................. .. 146 151 175 167 143 136 130 115 109 114 134 142 140 GREECE.................. 48 44 46 53 53 50 48 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 15 18 21 25 26 IRELAND................. 83 73 75 80 80 76 74 73 65 66 72 86 96 96 ITALY................... 119 94 92 91 96 88 85 82 70 66 69 82 90 89 LUXEMBOURG.............. 115 111 119 137 127 109 106 104 89 84 88 104 116 117 NETHERLANDS............. 125 122 124 140 130 114 115 113 98 97 104 124 135 135 NORWAY.................. 147 126 128 145 143 133 132 131 115 115 131 147 160 166 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 15 16 15 14 16 15 16 17 19 PORTUGAL................ 31 26 26 30 30 28 28 27 23 22 24 28 31 31 SPAIN................... 84 70 68 74 75 66 64 63 54 53 56 68 75 75 SWEDEN.................. 153 107 111 126 137 123 121 117 105 93 99 119 132 129 SWITZERLAND............. 144 137 147 168 157 131 130 123 107 105 111 125 132 129 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 90 76 77 80 80 86 92 92 86 82 86 96 109 109 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 8 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.95 16.37 16.78 17.17 17.74 18.20 18.52 18.90 19.65 20.52 21.33 22.20 22.82 23.65 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.76 5.77 5.49 3.39 3.50 2.97 2.57 2.74 3.15 4.09 CANADA.................. 17.57 16.97 16.29 16.50 17.04 16.83 15.93 16.10 16.48 16.23 16.72 19.53 21.77 23.82 MEXICO.................. 2.16 2.36 2.74 1.70 1.63 1.73 1.65 1.81 2.07 2.34 2.49 2.44 2.44 2.63 AUSTRALIA............... 13.23 12.62 14.13 15.36 17.02 16.71 15.11 15.92 14.40 13.32 15.38 19.79 23.38 24.91 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 3.91 4.28 4.60 4.80 5.12 5.38 5.40 5.37 5.45 5.74 5.66 5.54 5.51 5.65 ISRAEL.................. 8.11 7.86 8.19 9.41 10.11 10.79 10.85 10.57 11.41 12.17 11.00 11.62 12.01 12.42 JAPAN................... 16.13 18.86 20.98 23.47 20.44 18.98 17.62 20.44 21.93 19.35 18.60 20.26 21.84 21.76 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 5.21 5.63 6.38 7.28 8.21 7.85 5.67 7.36 8.23 7.72 8.77 9.69 11.13 13.56 NEW ZEALAND............. 8.05 8.06 9.09 10.35 11.32 11.32 9.38 9.45 8.38 7.97 9.10 11.69 13.65 14.97 SINGAPORE............... 4.85 5.15 6.16 7.57 8.16 8.02 7.36 6.96 7.18 6.97 6.71 7.18 7.38 7.66 SRI LANKA............... 0.40 0.42 0.45 0.48 0.48 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.48 0.45 0.49 0.51 0.52 .. TAIWAN.................. 5.12 5.16 5.51 5.99 5.98 6.09 5.39 5.78 6.19 6.05 5.64 5.69 5.98 6.38 AUSTRIA................. 20.24 20.11 21.49 25.26 24.75 21.88 22.08 21.63 19.14 19.09 20.71 25.51 28.53 29.42 BELGIUM................. 20.51 20.16 21.93 25.67 25.26 22.28 22.62 22.14 20.13 19.84 21.77 26.55 30.01 30.79 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 2.63 3.10 2.79 2.99 2.93 2.83 3.13 3.83 4.72 5.45 6.11 DENMARK................. 20.55 19.77 21.12 25.28 25.43 23.48 24.07 24.46 21.87 22.07 24.31 30.22 34.46 35.47 FINLAND................. 19.16 15.81 18.16 22.60 22.21 20.01 19.40 19.66 17.84 18.07 19.75 24.35 27.80 28.38 FRANCE.................. 17.31 16.46 17.10 19.26 18.99 17.10 17.32 17.00 15.46 15.65 17.13 21.14 23.89 24.63 GERMANY................. .. 23.89 25.33 30.10 29.58 25.96 25.17 24.57 22.67 22.47 24.22 29.64 32.50 33.00 GREECE.................. 7.66 7.22 7.68 9.07 9.46 9.08 8.80 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 2.71 2.69 2.73 2.73 2.80 2.83 2.79 3.16 3.92 4.76 5.63 6.07 IRELAND................. 13.25 12.02 12.54 13.75 14.11 13.80 13.68 13.77 12.72 13.60 15.26 19.09 21.94 22.76 ITALY................... 18.91 15.38 15.40 15.69 17.10 16.06 15.83 15.55 13.84 13.61 14.75 18.11 20.48 21.05 LUXEMBOURG.............. 18.29 18.16 19.99 23.56 22.56 19.75 19.69 19.61 17.51 17.21 18.71 23.12 26.57 27.68 NETHERLANDS............. 20.01 19.98 20.88 24.03 23.10 20.73 21.29 21.35 19.33 19.85 22.12 27.47 30.76 31.81 NORWAY.................. 23.48 20.59 21.40 24.84 25.46 24.12 24.43 24.73 22.56 23.51 27.93 32.73 36.41 39.14 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.79 3.00 2.89 2.81 3.19 3.29 3.52 3.85 4.54 PORTUGAL................ 4.88 4.26 4.36 5.09 5.33 5.13 5.20 5.06 4.49 4.59 5.07 6.24 7.02 7.33 SPAIN................... 13.39 11.49 11.39 12.70 13.33 12.07 11.94 11.92 10.65 10.78 11.95 15.01 17.14 17.78 SWEDEN.................. 24.41 17.47 18.58 21.62 24.29 22.37 22.40 22.07 20.68 19.05 21.13 26.37 30.02 30.40 SWITZERLAND............. 22.95 22.36 24.61 28.90 27.94 23.85 24.04 23.22 20.95 21.53 23.77 27.78 30.21 30.50 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 14.29 12.48 12.97 13.79 14.12 15.68 16.97 17.33 16.84 16.85 18.36 21.33 24.76 25.66 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 9 MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 15.95 16.37 16.78 17.17 17.74 18.20 18.52 18.90 19.65 20.52 21.33 22.20 22.82 23.65 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. 5.79 6.22 6.37 6.17 6.41 6.99 7.51 8.43 9.22 9.97 CANADA.................. 21.24 21.90 22.26 22.66 23.24 23.31 23.64 23.92 24.49 25.14 26.26 27.36 28.34 28.87 MEXICO.................. 6672 #7.36 9.24 10.90 12.38 13.71 15.11 17.32 19.57 21.83 24.07 26.34 27.55 28.67 AUSTRALIA............... 17.99 18.56 19.32 20.74 21.73 22.47 24.02 24.66 24.77 25.76 28.29 30.34 31.75 32.65 HONG KONG SAR (1,2)..... 30.26 33.12 35.53 37.11 39.59 41.63 41.81 41.63 42.45 44.81 44.17 43.15 42.90 43.94 ISRAEL.................. 19.93 22.23 24.66 28.33 32.26 37.22 41.23 43.75 46.51 51.20 52.13 52.90 53.81 55.76 JAPAN................... 2046 2095 2144 2205 2224 2299 2308 2324 2364 2353 2329 2348 2363 2395 KOREA, REPUBLIC OF...... 4068 4515 5128 5616 6607 7466 7944 8760 9308 9968 10960 11548 12743 13881 NEW ZEALAND............. 14.97 14.88 15.32 15.78 16.46 17.08 17.50 17.86 18.34 18.97 19.59 20.08 20.54 21.24 SINGAPORE............... 7.91 8.33 9.40 10.72 11.50 11.91 12.30 11.80 12.39 12.49 12.01 12.51 12.47 12.74 SRI LANKA............... 17.51 20.20 22.32 24.45 26.49 26.86 30.10 32.60 36.79 40.11 47.26 49.15 52.50 .. TAIWAN.................. 128.7 136.3 145.9 158.7 164.3 175.3 180.7 187.0 193.6 204.7 194.8 195.9 199.4 205.0 AUSTRIA................. 222.4 234.1 245.2 254.6 262.1 267.1 273.3 #20.31 20.73 21.33 21.91 22.53 22.94 23.63 BELGIUM................. 659.4 697.1 733.2 756.5 782.3 798.0 821.3 #20.78 21.80 22.17 23.03 23.45 24.13 24.74 CZECH REPUBLIC.......... .. .. .. 69.93 84.26 88.50 96.49 101.4 109.4 119.0 125.3 133.1 140.0 146.4 DENMARK................. 124.0 128.2 134.2 141.6 147.5 155.2 161.3 171.0 177.1 183.9 191.7 198.8 206.4 212.6 FINLAND................. 85.97 90.50 95.04 98.91 102.1 104.0 103.7 #18.46 19.33 20.19 20.89 21.51 22.35 22.80 FRANCE.................. 91.66 93.28 94.81 96.04 97.16 99.87 102.2 #15.96 16.75 17.48 18.12 18.68 19.21 19.78 GERMANY................. .. 39.54 41.09 43.10 44.51 45.04 44.30 #23.07 24.55 25.10 25.62 26.18 26.13 26.51 GREECE.................. 1460 1656 1863 2102 2277 2480 2601 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. HUNGARY................. .. .. 284.5 337.8 417.4 510.3 599.7 670.5 788.0 904.4 1012 1068 1142 1212 IRELAND................. 7.77 8.21 8.38 8.57 8.82 9.10 9.60 #12.93 13.78 15.19 16.14 16.86 17.64 18.28 ITALY................... 23299 24194 24814 25563 26378 27360 27503 #14.60 15.00 15.20 15.60 16.00 16.46 16.91 LUXEMBOURG.............. 588.1 628.3 668.8 694.6 698.5 706.4 714.8 #18.40 18.97 19.23 19.80 20.43 21.36 22.23 NETHERLANDS............. 35.21 37.12 37.99 38.54 38.94 40.49 42.23 #20.04 20.94 22.18 23.40 24.26 24.73 25.55 NORWAY.................. 145.9 146.1 151.0 157.4 164.4 170.9 184.5 193.1 198.8 211.5 223.0 231.7 245.4 252.1 POLAND.................. .. .. .. .. .. 9.16 10.44 11.48 12.22 13.06 13.44 13.70 14.08 14.68 PORTUGAL................ 659.8 685.5 723.4 763.4 821.7 899.2 938.1 #4.75 4.86 5.13 5.36 5.51 5.65 5.89 SPAIN................... 1371 1465 1525 1583 1689 1769 1784 #11.19 11.54 12.04 12.64 13.26 13.78 14.29 SWEDEN.................. 142.2 136.2 143.4 154.4 162.9 171.0 178.1 182.6 189.8 197.0 205.4 213.1 220.6 227.1 SWITZERLAND............. 32.27 33.05 33.65 34.13 34.54 34.60 34.88 34.95 35.41 36.36 37.02 37.37 37.55 38.00 UNITED KINGDOM.......... 8.09 8.31 8.47 8.73 9.05 9.58 10.24 10.72 11.11 11.71 12.23 13.05 13.51 14.09 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. (2) Average of selected manufacturing industries. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, December 2007