HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS IN MANUFACTURING 30 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 40 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, SELECTED YEARS, 1975-2002 APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 23) IMPORTANT NOTE: DATA IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES ARE SUBJECT TO LIMITATIONS THAT ARE DESCRIBED IN THE INTRODUCTION AND IN THE COUNTRY NOTES. THE INTRODUCTION AND COUNTRY NOTES CAN BE ACCESSED AT: ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/special.requests/ForeignLabor/indnotes.txt. General Notes: The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 03-507, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs for Production Workers in Manufacturing, 2002," September 26, 2003. The measures for individual manufacturing industries are less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with them. For more information about limitations, see the Technical Notes and Country Notes. The measures in these tables are shown according to the U.S. 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) for every U.S. two-digit level industry and selected three-digit industries. Data are also shown for two-digit level International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Rev. 2 industry groups. Currently, data are unavailable for the latest years for several countries in which there have been recent changes in wage surveys or in industrial classification. Additional revisions to this database will be made on an SIC basis. In the future, this database will be converted to a NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) basis. Note: Hourly compensation costs in national currency for countries that are members of the European Monetary Union (Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain) are expressed in the national currency used in each country prior to the implementation of the euro for 1975-1998, and in euros for 1999-2002. More information about national currency units and exchange rates used in these tables is on page 136. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity And Technology, May 18, 2004. HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: INDEX U.S. = 100 PAGE 17 APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 23) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 27 26 25 14 14 11 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 86 104 93 87 84 91 88 78 71 .. .. .. MEXICO.................. .. .. 15 12 15 15 8 8 9 9 10 12 13 12 HONG KONG SAR (1)....... 20 27 24 36 42 43 43 43 42 40 39 38 39 34 ISRAEL.................. 39 36 26 57 55 57 64 65 67 62 61 64 64 56 JAPAN................... 43 53 46 79 103 113 125 103 91 80 93 99 80 74 KOREA................... 6 11 12 28 38 42 47 49 44 29 36 38 36 39 TAIWAN.................. 7 13 17 35 40 41 42 39 37 33 33 33 30 30 AUSTRIA................. 77 98 63 125 132 136 151 144 124 123 114 96 93 96 BELGIUM................. 118 160 87 156 162 164 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 136 152 90 172 170 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 85 102 81 171 125 #135 #153 141 .. .. .. .. .. .. FRANCE.................. 86 114 76 136 133 133 144 137 120 119 112 98 95 99 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 118 149 87 169 177 182 209 196 169 163 152 133 129 132 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 154 144 127 123 126 IRELAND................. 50 69 49 84 79 82 90 90 86 84 80 73 77 83 ITALY................... 92 112 79 155 126 124 120 127 115 109 101 85 82 84 NETHERLANDS............. 121 155 79 144 152 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 161 109 213 171 166 188 188 171 167 162 142 143 159 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 88 79 76 81 83 74 70 66 54 54 58 SWEDEN.................. 150 185 107 197 145 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 105 132 86 162 156 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 58 90 55 96 86 88 93 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong special administrative region of China. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN U.S. DOLLARS PAGE 18 APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 23) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 3.80 5.62 7.29 8.43 9.22 9.54 9.92 10.31 10.69 11.02 11.53 12.04 12.39 13.06 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.83 2.83 2.71 1.63 1.66 1.36 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 6.29 8.78 8.57 8.25 8.32 9.39 9.37 8.60 8.19 .. .. .. MEXICO.................. .. .. 1.08 1.03 1.41 1.44 0.83 0.84 0.96 1.00 1.15 1.40 1.57 1.60 HONG KONG SAR (1)....... 0.75 1.53 1.76 3.06 3.83 4.14 4.24 4.40 4.54 4.43 4.49 4.57 4.78 4.49 ISRAEL.................. 1.47 2.02 1.90 4.81 5.10 5.46 6.37 6.74 7.13 6.80 7.07 7.74 7.97 7.36 JAPAN................... 1.62 3.00 3.37 6.67 9.53 10.82 12.37 10.66 9.74 8.85 10.71 11.86 9.97 9.65 KOREA................... 0.22 0.64 0.84 2.35 3.51 3.99 4.66 5.08 4.71 3.19 4.17 4.57 4.40 5.14 TAIWAN.................. 0.27 0.71 1.21 2.93 3.67 3.93 4.16 3.99 3.97 3.58 3.77 3.97 3.66 3.89 AUSTRIA................. 2.92 5.51 4.58 10.54 12.19 12.96 14.98 14.86 13.26 13.51 13.18 11.56 11.53 12.50 BELGIUM................. 4.47 9.00 6.31 13.19 14.96 15.69 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 5.16 8.54 6.54 14.53 15.70 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 3.23 5.71 5.88 14.42 11.55 #12.85 #15.16 14.52 .. .. .. .. .. .. FRANCE.................. 3.28 6.43 5.52 11.43 12.23 12.71 14.33 14.16 12.87 13.14 12.93 11.79 11.79 12.93 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 4.47 8.40 6.31 14.25 16.36 17.33 20.71 20.18 18.08 17.94 17.51 16.05 15.93 17.22 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.95 16.62 15.24 15.20 16.50 IRELAND................. 1.91 3.85 3.61 7.05 7.31 7.78 8.93 9.24 9.21 9.25 9.23 8.81 9.59 10.88 ITALY................... 3.48 6.32 5.79 13.10 11.65 11.82 11.94 13.04 12.30 11.98 11.63 10.28 10.10 10.91 NETHERLANDS............. 4.60 8.70 5.74 12.17 14.01 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 9.03 7.96 17.94 15.76 15.89 18.62 19.42 18.29 18.45 18.66 17.07 17.75 20.78 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 7.41 7.30 7.26 8.00 8.52 7.91 7.74 7.58 6.53 6.68 7.60 SWEDEN.................. 5.71 10.40 7.79 16.59 13.38 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 4.00 7.42 6.29 13.66 14.42 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 2.22 5.07 4.04 8.08 7.94 8.42 9.20 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong special administrative region of China. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004 HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR PRODUCTION WORKERS: IN NATIONAL CURRENCY PAGE 19 APPAREL AND OTHER TEXTILE PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING (US SIC 23) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- COUNTRY OR AREA 1975 1980 1985 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNITED STATES........... 3.80 5.62 7.29 8.43 9.22 9.54 9.92 10.31 10.69 11.02 11.53 12.04 12.39 13.06 BRAZIL.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.85 3.05 3.14 2.96 3.03 3.19 .. CANADA.................. .. .. 8.59 10.24 11.05 11.28 11.42 12.80 12.98 12.76 12.17 .. .. .. MEXICO.................. .. .. 277.1 2897 #4.39 4.87 5.35 6.40 7.63 9.16 10.99 13.20 14.62 15.47 HONG KONG SAR (1)....... 3.72 7.61 13.68 23.88 29.62 32.00 32.79 34.01 35.16 34.29 34.84 35.60 37.28 35.02 ISRAEL.................. 0.94 10.37 #2.24 9.69 14.42 16.43 19.17 21.50 24.58 25.82 29.26 31.54 33.51 34.88 JAPAN................... 479.5 677.6 803.3 966.7 1059 1106 1162 1160 1180 1159 1218 1279 1212 1209 KOREA................... 104.6 389.2 729.6 1664 2816 3204 3593 4089 4476 4470 4959 5168 5687 6428 TAIWAN.................. 10.23 25.44 48.04 78.77 96.83 104.0 110.1 109.7 114.4 120.2 121.8 124.0 123.9 134.2 AUSTRIA................. 50.73 71.31 94.67 119.4 141.8 147.9 151.0 157.3 162.0 167.2 #12.38 12.52 12.88 13.23 BELGIUM................. 164.2 262.7 374.4 440.7 517.2 524.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. DENMARK................. 29.61 48.08 69.28 89.92 101.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. FINLAND................. 11.82 21.24 36.46 55.22 66.13 #67.27 #66.35 66.72 .. .. .. .. .. .. FRANCE.................. 14.04 27.15 49.57 62.26 69.28 70.46 71.46 72.45 75.14 77.53 #12.14 12.77 13.17 13.67 GERMANY, FORMER WEST.... 10.97 15.25 18.55 23.04 27.08 28.11 29.66 30.37 31.37 31.57 #16.44 17.38 17.79 18.21 GERMANY, UNIFIED........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.83 #15.60 16.51 16.98 17.45 IRELAND................. 0.86 1.87 3.38 4.26 4.99 5.20 5.57 5.78 6.08 6.49 #8.66 9.54 10.72 11.51 ITALY................... 2270 5401 11061 15695 18332 19040 19443 20122 20952 20804 #10.92 11.13 11.28 11.54 NETHERLANDS............. 11.61 17.27 19.05 22.17 26.04 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. NORWAY.................. .. 44.56 68.41 112.2 111.9 112.1 118.0 125.4 129.6 139.3 145.7 150.4 159.6 165.9 SPAIN................... .. .. .. 756.3 930.4 972.4 996.8 1080 1159 1156 #7.11 7.07 7.46 8.04 SWEDEN.................. 23.64 43.99 67.03 98.28 104.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. SWITZERLAND............. 10.31 12.42 15.43 18.99 21.31 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. UNITED KINGDOM.......... 1.00 2.18 3.11 4.53 5.29 5.50 5.83 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Hong Kong special administrative region of China. SOURCE: U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, May 2004