HOURLY COMPENSATION COSTS FOR ALL EMPLOYEES IN MANUFACTURING 32 COUNTRIES OR AREAS 22 MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES, 1996-2007 Notations: .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. "NACE countries": Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. See Technical Notes for further information. National currency units: United States, dollar; Argentina, peso; Brazil, real; Canada, dollar; Mexico, peso; Australia, dollar; Israel, new shekel; Japan, yen; Republic of Korea, won; New Zealand, dollar; Philippines, peso; Singapore, dollar; Taiwan, dollar; Austria, euro; Belgium, euro; Czech Republic, koruna; Denmark, krone; Finland, euro; France, euro; Germany, euro; Hungary, forint; Ireland, euro; Italy, euro; the Netherlands, euro; Norway, kroner; Poland, zloty; Portugal, euro; Slovakia, koruna; Spain, euro; Sweden, krona; Switzerland, franc; United Kingdom, pound. See Technical Notes for further information. Prepared By: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Office of Productivity and Technology, November 20, 2009. Table of Contents PAGE 1 Technical Notes....................................................... 2 Exchange Rates........................................................ 7 Industry Tables: Manufacturing ..................................................... 10 Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Product Manufacturing ................. 12 Textiles and Textile Products Manufacturing ....................... 14 Apparel Manufacturing ............................................. 16 Textiles and Apparel Manufacturing ................................ 18 Leather and Allied Products Manufacturing ......................... 20 Textiles, Apparel and Allied Products Manufacturing ............... 22 Wood Product Manufacturing ........................................ 24 Paper Manufacturing ............................................... 26 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing ......................... 28 Chemical Manufacturing ............................................ 30 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing ........................ 32 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing ......................... 34 Primary Metal Manufacturing ....................................... 36 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing ............................ 38 Primary and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing ............... 40 Machinery Manufacturing ........................................... 42 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing ..................... 44 Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing ...... 46 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing ............................ 48 Motor Vehicle and Parts Manufacturing ............................. 50 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing ......................... 52 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing ....................... 54 Technical Notes PAGE 2 Introduction The accompanying tables present hourly compensation costs data for total manufacturing and for component, or sub-manufacturing, industries. The measures for total manufacturing were published in news release USDL 09-0304, "International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs in Manufacturing, 2007," March 26, 2009, available at https://www.bls.gov/news.release/ichcc.toc.htm. Data for total manufacturing for some countries have been updated to reflect revisions subsequent to the news release. Further, the component industry data for some countries have been revised since the previous version of these tables to incorporate updated data. The total compensation measures are prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in order to assess international differences in employer labor costs. For several reasons, the comparisons based on the more readily available average earnings statistics published by many countries can be misleading: national definitions of average earnings differ considerably; average earnings do not include all items of labor compensation; and the omitted items of compensation frequently represent a large proportion of total compensation. The component industry measures are generally less reliable than the total manufacturing data because there are more technical limitations associated with component industry data. See the Data Limitations section below for more information. Definitions Hourly compensation costs include (1) hourly direct pay and (2) employer social insurance expenditures and other labor taxes. Hourly direct pay includes all payments made directly to the worker, before payroll deductions of any kind, consisting of pay for time worked and other direct pay. Social insurance expenditures refer to the value of social contributions incurred by employers in order to secure entitlement to social benefits for their employees; these contributions often provide delayed, future income and benefits to employees. Included are employer expenditures for legally required insurance programs, contractual and private benefit plans, and other labor taxes. Other labor taxes refer to taxes on payrolls or employment (or reductions to reflect subsidies), even if they do not finance programs that directly benefit workers. Hourly Compensation Costs consists of: > Hourly Direct Pay >> Pay for Time Worked >>> Basic wages >>> Piece rate >>> Overtime premiums >>> Shift, holiday, or night work premiums. >>> Cost-of-living adjustments >>> Bonuses and premiums paid each pay period >> Other Direct Pay >>> Pay for time not worked (vacations, holidays, and other leave, except sick leave) >>> Seasonal and irregular bonuses >>> Allowances for family events, commuting expenses, etc. >>> The cash value of payments in kind >>> Severance pay (where explicitly not linked to a collective agreement) > Employer Social Insurance Expenditures (both legally required and contractual and private) and Other Labor Taxes PAGE 3 >> Retirement and disability pensions >> Health insurance >> Income guarantee insurance and sick leave >> Life and accident insurance >> Occupational injury and illness compensation >> Unemployment insurance >> Severance pay (where linked to a collective agreement) >> Other social insurance expenditures >> Taxes (or subsidies) on payrolls or employment The BLS definition of hourly compensation costs is not the same as the International Labor Office (ILO) definition of total labor costs. The BLS definition is less inclusive than the ILO definition. Expenditures on the maintenance and repair of facilities related to company-provided services--such as cafeterias, daycare centers, private medical clinics, and recreational facilities--are excluded from the BLS definition because they are overhead costs not directly linked to the level of employment or payroll. Recruitment and vocational training costs and reimbursements of business expenses are also not included in the BLS definition because the concepts used, and thus the measurement of these items, are not consistent across countries. The above labor costs excluded from the BLS definition account for no more than 2 percent of total labor costs in most countries for which the data are available. All employees include production workers, as defined below, as well as all others employed full or part time in an establishment during a specified payroll period. Persons are considered employed if they receive pay for any part of the specified pay period. Temporary employees are included. The self-employed, unpaid family workers, and workers in private households are excluded. Production workers generally include those employees who are engaged in fabricating, assembly, and related activities; material handling, warehousing, and shipping; maintenance and repair; janitorial and guard services; auxiliary production (for example, power plants); and other services closely related to the above activities. Working supervisors are generally included; apprentices and other trainees are generally excluded. Methods Total compensation is computed by adjusting each country's average earnings series for items of direct pay not included in earnings and for employer expenditures for legally required insurance, contractual and private benefit plans, and other labor taxes and subsidies. For the United States and other countries that measure earnings on an hours-paid basis, the figures are also adjusted in order to approximate compensation per hour worked. Earnings statistics are obtained from surveys of employment, hours, and earnings, from surveys or censuses of manufactures, or from administrative data sources. The surveys used in the BLS series typically cover firms with a minimum of one to ten employees. For most countries, average earnings are adjusted to total compensation using adjustment factors obtained from periodic labor cost surveys or censuses of manufacturers; the adjustment factors are interpolated or projected to non-survey years on the basis of other information. Generally, these surveys cover all employees in the establishment; survey data are used for both production worker and all employee series. Other information used includes tabulations of employer social security contribution rates provided by the International Social Security Association, information on contractual and legislated fringe benefit changes, and statistical series on indirect labor costs. For the United States, the adjustment factors are specially constructed for international PAGE 4 comparisons using data from several surveys. The methods used, as well as the results, differ somewhat from those for other BLS series on U.S. compensation costs. The statistics are also adjusted, where necessary, to account for major differences in worker coverage; differences in industrial classification systems; and changes over time in survey coverage, sample benchmarks, or frequency of surveys. Nevertheless, some differences remain. Exceptions to these methods, as well as data sources used can be found in "Country Notes and Sources" located at https://www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf. Industrial Classifications The hourly compensation measures in these tables are reported according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NAICS is the common industrial classification used by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Data are shown for most NAICS 3-digit level industries, selected additional industry combinations, and selected 4-digit industries. The concordance between NAICS and the industry classifications used by other countries is only approximate. Because the requisite data are not available, it is not possible to adjust for all the differences between NAICS and other classification systems. The extent to which these differences affect the comparability of the data varies by industry and by country. In general, most of these differences are minor and do not significantly affect the comparisons; where differences may be more important, they are noted on the appropriate table. With the exceptions of Japan and Taiwan, most of the economies in this report that do not use NAICS use classification systems that are closely based on the International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities, Revision 3 (ISIC Rev. 3). In addition, the classification systems used by European Union countries are linked to the European Union's official classification system (NACE Rev. 1), which is in turn closely linked to ISIC Rev. 3. Because of this, some exceptions in industry classification noted in the tables may apply to several countries, including most European Union countries. In such cases, a general footnote to the table that states "for NACE countries" is included. When the general footnote also applies to some non-European Union countries, those countries are included in the footnote as well. For the purposes of these tables, "NACE countries" refers to the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Data Limitations Because compensation is partly estimated, the statistics should not be considered as precise measures of comparative compensation costs. In addition, the figures are subject to revision as the results of new labor cost surveys or other data used to estimate compensation costs become available. Differences in industrial classifications among countries can reduce the comparability of component industry measures. In addition, data at the component industry level are subject to greater limitations than at the all manufacturing level. For example, industry data for some items of compensation may not be available for all years and may be estimated using trends in similar industries or in total manufacturing; data for some industries may be based on small sample sizes and therefore may fluctuate more from year to year than data at the total manufacturing level; and PAGE 5 industry-specific events or events at large firms can have a pronounced effect on data for a particular industry. Labor Costs versus Labor Income The hourly compensation figures in U.S. dollars shown in the tables provide comparative measures of employer labor costs; they do not provide inter-country comparisons of the purchasing power of worker incomes. Prices of goods and services vary greatly among countries, and the commercial market exchange rates used to compare employer labor costs do not reliably indicate relative differences in prices. Purchasing power parities, that is, the number of foreign currency units required to buy goods and services equivalent to what can be purchased with one unit of U.S. or another base currency, must be used for meaningful international comparisons of the relative purchasing power of worker incomes. Total compensation converted to U.S. dollars at purchasing power parities would provide one measure for comparing relative real levels of labor income. It should be noted, however, that total compensation includes employer payments to funds for the benefit of workers in addition to payments made directly to workers. For some countries, the compensation measures also include taxes or subsidies on payrolls or employment even if they do not finance programs which directly benefit workers. Payments into these funds provide either deferred income (for example, payments to retirement funds), a type of insurance (for example, payments to unemployment or health benefit funds), or current social benefits (for example, family allowances), and the relationship between employer payments and current or future worker benefits is indirect. On the other hand, excluding these payments would understate the total value of income derived from work because they substitute for worker savings or self-insurance to cover retirement, medical costs, etc. Total compensation, because it takes account of employer payments into funds for the benefit of workers, is a broader income concept than either total direct earnings or direct spendable earnings. An even broader concept would take account of all social benefits available to workers, including those financed out of general revenues as well as those financed through employment or payroll taxes. EXCHANGE RATE DATA PAGE 6 Exchange Rates: National Currency Units per U.S. Dollar PAGE 7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 Argentina............... .9997 .9995 .9995 .9995 .9995 .9995 3.063 2.901 2.923 2.904 3.054 3.089 Brazil.................. 1.005 1.078 1.161 1.821 1.830 2.353 2.921 3.075 2.926 2.435 2.174 1.946 Canada.................. 1.364 1.385 1.484 1.486 1.486 1.549 1.570 1.401 1.302 1.212 1.134 1.073 Mexico.................. 7.600 7.918 9.152 9.553 9.459 9.337 9.663 10.79 11.29 10.89 10.91 10.93 Australia............... 1.277 1.345 1.590 1.549 1.720 1.935 1.839 1.533 1.358 1.311 1.327 1.192 Israel.................. 3.192 3.449 3.800 4.140 4.077 4.206 4.738 4.554 4.482 4.488 4.457 4.133 Japan................... 108.8 121.1 131.0 113.7 107.8 121.6 125.2 115.9 108.2 110.1 116.3 117.8 Korea, Republic of...... 804.5 950.8 1400 1190 1131 1292 1250 1192 1145 1024 954.3 929.0 New Zealand............. 1.454 1.509 1.865 1.889 2.189 2.380 2.153 1.718 1.505 1.419 1.540 1.358 Philippines............. 26.13 29.47 40.89 39.09 44.19 50.99 51.60 54.20 56.04 55.09 51.25 46.79 Singapore............... 1.410 1.486 1.672 1.695 1.725 1.793 1.791 1.743 1.690 1.664 1.588 1.507 Taiwan.................. 27.47 28.78 33.55 32.32 31.26 33.82 34.54 34.41 33.37 32.13 32.51 32.85 Austria................. 10.59 12.21 12.38 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Belgium................. 30.97 35.81 36.31 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Czech Republic.......... 27.15 31.70 32.28 34.57 38.60 38.04 32.74 28.21 25.70 23.96 22.60 20.54 Denmark................. 5.800 6.609 6.703 6.990 8.095 8.332 7.886 6.577 5.989 5.995 5.942 5.441 Finland................. 4.595 5.196 5.347 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 France.................. 5.116 5.839 5.900 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Germany................. 1.505 1.735 1.760 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Hungary................. 152.6 186.8 214.4 237.1 282.2 286.5 257.9 224.3 202.7 199.6 210.4 185.2 Ireland................. .6252 .6595 .7019 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Italy................... 1543 1704 1737 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Netherlands............. 1.686 1.953 1.984 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Norway.................. 6.459 7.086 7.552 7.807 8.813 8.996 7.984 7.080 6.740 6.441 6.410 5.856 Poland.................. .. 3.280 3.480 3.970 4.350 4.094 4.080 3.889 3.658 3.236 3.103 2.802 Portugal................ 154.3 175.4 180.3 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Slovakia................ .. 33.62 35.23 41.36 46.04 48.36 45.33 36.77 32.26 31.02 29.61 24.92 Spain................... 126.7 146.5 149.4 .9387 1.083 1.117 1.058 .8833 .8040 .8033 .7960 .7293 Sweden.................. 6.708 7.645 7.952 8.274 9.174 10.34 9.720 8.080 7.348 7.471 7.372 6.755 Switzerland............. 1.236 1.451 1.451 1.505 1.690 1.689 1.557 1.345 1.243 1.246 1.253 1.200 United Kingdom.......... .6407 .6106 .6034 .6184 .6598 .6946 .6660 .6117 .5456 .5490 .5420 .4995 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. See notes on the following page Exchange Rate Notes PAGE 8 Hourly compensation costs are converted to U.S. dollars using the average daily exchange rate for the reference period. The exchange rates used are prevailing commercial market exchange rates as published by either the U.S. Federal Reserve Board or the International Monetary Fund. On January 1, 1999, several European countries joined the European Monetary Union (EMU): Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Slovakia joined on January 1, 2009. There are currently other member countries of the EMU that are not covered in this report. Currencies of EMU members were established at fixed conversion rates to the euro, the official currency of the EMU. For the EMU countries, with the exception of Slovakia, data on hourly compensation costs are published in the old national currencies used in each country before the adoption of the euro from 1996-1998 and in euros from 1999-2007. Data for Slovakia are reported in koruna from 1997-2007; Slovakia will be reported in euros beginning with 2009 data. National currency units are United States, dollar; Argentina, peso; Brazil, real; Canada, dollar; Mexico, peso; Australia, dollar; Israel, new shekel; Japan, yen; Republic of Korea, won; New Zealand, dollar; Philippines, peso; Singapore, dollar; Taiwan, dollar; Austria, euro; Belgium, euro; Czech Republic, koruna; Denmark, krone; Finland, euro; France, euro; Germany, euro; Hungary, forint; Ireland, euro; Italy, euro; the Netherlands, euro; Norway, kroner; Poland, zloty; Portugal, euro; Slovakia, koruna; Spain, euro; Sweden, krona; Switzerland, franc; United Kingdom, pound. INDUSTRY DATA PAGE 9 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 10 Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... 22.11 22.67 23.12 23.64 24.63 25.90 27.01 28.18 28.94 29.74 29.98 31.39 Argentina............... 7.32 7.43 7.87 7.98 8.05 8.15 2.98 3.63 4.47 5.45 6.57 7.98 Brazil.................. 7.12 7.03 6.69 4.18 4.31 3.60 3.07 3.22 3.81 5.01 5.99 7.13 Canada.................. 19.01 18.89 18.08 18.20 18.68 #18.14 18.39 21.49 24.14 26.81 29.21 32.06 Mexico (1).............. 2.08 2.32 2.37 2.64 3.04 3.46 3.56 3.36 3.34 3.57 3.72 3.91 Australia............... 19.86 19.62 17.82 18.87 17.12 15.74 17.94 23.18 27.45 29.44 30.48 34.75 Israel.................. 11.34 12.10 12.21 11.87 12.77 13.62 12.34 13.06 13.56 13.88 14.25 15.92 Japan................... 23.93 22.28 20.83 23.88 25.34 22.70 21.75 23.71 25.59 25.56 24.32 23.95 Korea, Republic of...... 9.17 8.87 6.37 8.28 9.26 8.62 9.80 10.82 12.04 14.30 16.59 18.36 New Zealand............. 12.57 12.58 10.43 10.49 9.31 8.86 10.12 13.00 15.17 16.64 16.08 19.19 Philippines............. 1.27 1.19 0.92 1.00 0.93 0.88 0.92 0.93 1.00 1.10 1.26 1.45 Singapore............... 11.86 12.11 11.48 11.00 11.65 12.28 12.09 12.80 13.22 13.28 13.83 15.66 Taiwan.................. 6.91 7.09 6.31 6.82 7.35 7.24 6.84 6.94 7.26 7.87 8.11 8.15 Austria................. 31.45 27.75 28.06 27.65 24.57 24.31 26.34 32.15 35.65 36.91 38.26 43.17 Belgium................. 27.49 24.34 24.68 24.13 22.03 21.69 23.81 29.06 32.85 33.69 34.85 38.75 Czech Republic.......... 3.41 3.24 3.53 3.48 3.39 3.74 4.60 5.63 6.55 7.28 8.14 9.67 Denmark................. .. 25.48 26.04 26.88 24.07 24.74 27.33 34.08 37.53 39.20 41.18 47.54 Finland................. 24.72 22.16 21.70 22.04 19.90 20.47 22.66 28.16 32.51 33.73 35.28 39.74 France.................. 28.18 25.16 25.27 24.57 21.67 21.42 23.07 28.15 31.50 32.22 33.60 37.68 Germany................. .. .. 33.10 31.83 29.26 29.14 31.90 39.42 43.94 44.42 46.13 51.38 Hungary................. 3.16 3.10 3.14 3.15 3.02 3.45 4.28 5.31 6.31 6.86 7.03 8.72 Ireland................. 17.52 17.31 17.28 17.50 16.32 17.67 19.69 24.62 28.41 29.44 30.74 35.62 Italy................... 20.88 19.67 19.21 18.70 16.57 16.66 18.50 23.28 26.97 27.74 28.70 32.19 Netherlands............. .. 23.33 23.79 23.53 20.97 21.91 24.15 30.27 34.09 34.79 35.50 39.47 Norway.................. .. 27.88 28.01 28.53 26.16 27.02 32.29 37.91 41.92 44.61 47.17 55.03 Poland.................. .. 3.22 3.50 3.44 3.40 3.90 4.05 4.38 4.81 5.68 6.29 7.68 Portugal................ 6.30 5.71 5.90 5.83 5.23 5.37 6.01 7.36 8.41 8.73 8.80 9.58 Slovakia................ .. 2.87 2.92 2.62 2.62 2.71 3.27 4.41 5.23 5.85 6.62 8.49 Spain................... 15.30 13.78 13.94 13.74 12.24 12.38 13.77 17.33 19.83 20.59 21.66 24.55 Sweden.................. 25.68 23.32 23.76 23.24 21.86 20.61 22.96 28.85 32.70 32.80 34.32 38.80 Switzerland............. 32.95 28.13 28.37 27.41 24.71 25.40 28.05 32.79 35.65 35.98 36.18 38.34 United Kingdom.......... 16.89 18.73 20.42 21.00 20.57 21.02 22.80 26.38 30.50 31.75 33.00 37.21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For Mexico, NAICS 31-33 excludes NAICS 324 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 11 Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... 22.11 22.67 23.12 23.64 24.63 25.90 27.01 28.18 28.94 29.74 29.98 31.39 Argentina............... 7.32 7.43 7.87 7.97 8.05 8.14 9.13 10.52 13.05 15.83 20.08 24.64 Brazil.................. 7.16 7.58 7.77 7.61 7.88 8.47 8.97 9.91 11.14 12.20 13.02 13.87 Canada.................. 25.93 26.16 26.83 27.04 27.75 #28.10 28.88 30.10 31.43 32.48 33.12 34.42 Mexico (1).............. 15.80 18.38 21.73 25.22 28.76 32.29 34.38 36.24 37.66 38.93 40.62 42.70 Australia............... 25.37 26.38 28.32 29.24 29.44 30.45 33.00 35.53 37.27 38.59 40.45 41.41 Israel.................. 36.21 41.73 46.41 49.16 52.07 57.30 58.47 59.48 60.77 62.31 63.51 65.79 Japan................... 2603 2697 2729 2716 2731 2759 2724 2749 2768 2814 2828 2820 Korea, Republic of...... 7376 8438 8916 9847 10470 11134 12258 12900 13784 14644 15832 17053 New Zealand............. 18.29 18.98 19.45 19.82 20.38 21.08 21.78 22.32 22.83 23.61 24.77 26.06 Philippines............. 33.18 35.18 37.43 39.07 40.97 44.65 47.29 50.16 55.99 60.85 64.71 67.74 Singapore............... 16.72 17.99 19.19 18.64 20.09 22.01 21.65 22.30 22.35 22.10 21.96 23.59 Taiwan.................. 189.8 203.9 211.8 220.4 229.6 244.9 236.2 238.7 242.2 253.0 263.5 267.8 Austria................. 333.0 338.7 347.4 #25.96 26.61 27.15 27.86 28.40 28.66 29.65 30.45 31.49 Belgium................. 851.2 871.7 896.1 #22.65 23.87 24.23 25.18 25.67 26.41 27.06 27.74 28.26 Czech Republic.......... 92.64 102.6 114.1 120.4 130.9 142.1 150.4 158.8 168.4 174.5 183.9 198.7 Denmark................. .. 168.4 174.5 187.9 194.8 206.2 215.5 224.2 224.7 235.0 244.7 258.7 Finland................. 113.6 115.1 116.0 #20.69 21.56 22.86 23.97 24.88 26.14 27.10 28.09 28.98 France.................. 144.2 146.9 149.1 #23.06 23.47 23.93 24.41 24.86 25.33 25.88 26.75 27.48 Germany................. .. .. 58.24 #29.88 31.70 32.55 33.74 34.82 35.33 35.68 36.72 37.48 Hungary................. 481.6 579.3 673.7 747.9 853.4 988.3 1104 1190 1280 1370 1480 1615 Ireland................. 10.95 11.42 12.13 #16.43 17.68 19.74 20.83 21.74 22.84 23.65 24.47 25.98 Italy................... 32216 33520 33368 #17.55 17.95 18.61 19.57 20.56 21.69 22.28 22.84 23.48 Netherlands............. .. 45.54 47.19 #22.09 22.71 24.47 25.55 26.74 27.41 27.94 28.26 28.79 Norway.................. .. 197.6 211.5 222.7 230.6 243.0 257.8 268.4 282.6 287.3 302.3 322.2 Poland.................. .. 10.55 12.17 13.67 14.81 15.98 16.54 17.04 17.60 18.37 19.51 21.53 Portugal................ 972.2 1002 1063 #5.47 5.67 6.00 6.36 6.50 6.76 7.01 7.01 6.99 Slovakia................ .. 96.44 103.0 108.3 120.6 131.2 148.0 162.1 168.8 181.5 196.1 211.7 Spain................... 1938 2019 2083 #12.90 13.26 13.83 14.56 15.31 15.94 16.54 17.24 17.91 Sweden.................. 172.2 178.3 189.0 192.3 200.6 213.2 223.2 233.1 240.3 245.1 253.0 262.1 Switzerland............. 40.73 40.83 41.15 41.24 41.77 42.90 43.67 44.10 44.30 44.83 45.34 46.00 United Kingdom.......... 10.82 11.44 12.32 12.99 13.57 14.60 15.19 16.14 16.64 17.43 17.88 18.59 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For Mexico, NAICS 31-33 excludes NAICS 324 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 12 Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Product Manufacturing (NAICS 311-312) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 20.38 21.31 22.16 22.84 23.38 22.56 23.25 Argentina............... 6.56 6.66 6.97 7.06 7.18 7.07 2.61 3.23 4.04 4.95 5.93 7.27 Brazil.................. 5.50 5.40 5.23 3.28 3.34 2.70 2.43 2.36 2.83 3.67 4.45 5.25 Canada.................. 17.03 16.81 15.93 15.61 16.65 #15.46 15.01 17.88 20.35 23.73 25.64 27.97 Mexico.................. 1.83 2.07 2.14 2.34 2.67 2.94 3.05 2.82 2.79 2.96 3.07 3.20 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.56 23.30 26.75 28.04 28.58 32.60 Israel.................. 8.55 9.17 9.25 8.90 9.44 10.02 9.20 9.73 9.78 9.95 10.28 10.93 Japan................... 19.27 17.75 16.67 18.13 18.94 16.85 16.61 18.28 19.79 19.85 18.79 18.08 Korea, Republic of...... 8.46 8.20 5.83 7.74 8.64 7.74 8.92 9.96 10.81 12.46 14.51 15.89 Philippines............. 1.24 1.14 0.86 0.97 0.89 0.84 0.87 0.87 0.94 1.03 1.17 1.37 Singapore............... 12.30 13.57 13.19 11.66 11.58 12.39 13.59 11.73 12.60 11.92 10.00 13.70 Taiwan.................. 7.29 7.86 6.89 7.38 7.53 7.55 7.05 6.88 7.25 7.24 7.37 7.29 Austria................. 29.95 26.87 26.78 25.52 22.46 22.15 24.41 29.18 32.14 32.83 33.69 36.88 Belgium................. 25.38 22.62 22.85 22.38 20.49 20.03 21.96 26.70 30.14 30.83 31.78 35.33 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.36 3.29 3.68 4.25 5.49 6.28 6.88 7.33 8.97 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 22.86 23.25 25.66 32.11 35.87 37.04 38.87 44.94 Finland................. 22.75 20.68 20.11 20.30 18.29 18.96 20.63 25.60 29.47 30.49 31.65 36.14 France.................. 23.80 21.27 21.36 20.66 18.12 17.81 19.05 23.10 25.69 25.90 26.91 30.13 Germany................. .. .. 22.67 22.00 19.73 19.63 21.50 26.54 29.42 29.77 30.92 33.55 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.30 4.11 5.04 6.00 6.23 6.15 7.46 Ireland................. 17.88 17.63 17.20 17.39 16.91 18.24 20.42 25.19 28.95 29.81 30.52 34.40 Italy................... 22.24 21.15 20.16 19.23 16.73 16.74 18.42 23.17 27.31 27.95 29.11 32.52 Norway.................. .. 24.81 24.81 25.46 23.26 24.38 29.59 34.33 38.48 40.76 43.13 49.26 Poland.................. .. 3.05 3.27 3.20 3.19 3.68 3.77 4.02 4.40 5.17 5.69 7.02 Portugal................ 6.44 5.86 5.86 5.96 5.28 5.44 5.88 7.32 8.18 8.45 8.76 9.63 Slovakia................ .. 2.58 2.62 2.37 2.32 2.44 2.97 3.98 4.62 4.95 5.80 7.53 Spain................... 14.06 12.49 13.05 12.97 11.28 11.50 13.05 16.24 18.10 18.55 19.73 21.78 Sweden.................. 24.23 21.82 22.27 21.77 20.45 19.33 20.97 26.32 29.75 29.78 31.31 35.41 United Kingdom.......... 16.93 17.43 18.92 19.20 18.19 18.27 20.75 24.31 28.86 30.40 30.81 34.45 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 13 Food, Beverage, and Tobacco Product Manufacturing (NAICS 311-312) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 20.38 21.31 22.16 22.84 23.38 22.56 23.25 Argentina............... 6.55 6.65 6.96 7.05 7.18 7.07 7.99 9.37 11.80 14.37 18.12 22.46 Brazil.................. 5.53 5.82 6.07 5.98 6.11 6.35 7.09 7.26 8.27 8.93 9.68 10.21 Canada.................. 23.23 23.28 23.64 23.20 24.73 #23.94 23.58 25.05 26.49 28.75 29.08 30.02 Mexico.................. 13.91 16.36 19.62 22.39 25.29 27.48 29.46 30.48 31.53 32.20 33.47 34.95 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.13 35.71 36.32 36.76 37.94 38.85 Israel.................. 27.29 31.64 35.15 36.87 38.50 42.13 43.60 44.31 43.83 44.67 45.82 45.17 Japan................... 2096 2149 2184 2062 2042 2049 2080 2119 2141 2186 2186 2129 Korea, Republic of...... 6803 7800 8168 9211 9772 9998 11154 11878 12375 12760 13852 14762 Philippines............. 32.43 33.66 35.13 37.76 39.23 43.07 45.03 47.02 52.61 56.93 60.06 64.07 Singapore............... 17.34 20.17 22.06 19.76 19.97 22.22 24.34 20.45 21.29 19.83 15.88 20.64 Taiwan.................. 200.4 226.2 231.2 238.4 235.3 255.5 243.4 236.8 242.0 232.5 239.4 239.4 Austria................. 317.1 327.9 331.5 #23.96 24.33 24.74 25.82 25.78 25.84 26.37 26.82 26.90 Belgium................. 786.1 810.2 829.7 #21.01 22.19 22.37 23.23 23.59 24.24 24.76 25.29 25.77 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 116.2 127.2 140.1 139.0 154.8 161.4 164.8 165.7 184.3 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 185.1 193.7 202.4 211.2 214.8 222.1 231.0 244.5 Finland................. 104.5 107.4 107.5 #19.06 19.81 21.18 21.82 22.61 23.70 24.50 25.19 26.36 France.................. 121.8 124.2 126.0 #19.39 19.63 19.89 20.15 20.41 20.65 20.81 21.42 21.97 Germany................. .. .. 39.89 #20.65 21.37 21.92 22.75 23.44 23.66 23.91 24.61 24.47 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 945.4 1060 1131 1216 1244 1294 1381 Ireland................. 11.18 11.63 12.07 #16.32 18.32 20.37 21.60 22.25 23.28 23.94 24.29 25.09 Italy................... 34316 36042 35019 #18.05 18.12 18.70 19.48 20.46 21.95 22.45 23.17 23.72 Norway.................. .. 175.8 187.3 198.8 205.0 219.3 236.2 243.1 259.3 262.6 276.4 288.5 Poland.................. .. 10.01 11.37 12.71 13.87 15.05 15.36 15.62 16.09 16.72 17.67 19.66 Portugal................ 993.3 1028 1057 #5.59 5.72 6.08 6.22 6.46 6.58 6.79 6.98 7.02 Slovakia................ .. 86.85 92.36 97.95 106.7 117.8 134.4 146.4 149.1 153.5 171.8 187.7 Spain................... 1781 1830 1950 #12.17 12.21 12.84 13.80 14.34 14.55 14.90 15.71 15.88 Sweden.................. 162.5 166.8 177.1 180.1 187.6 199.9 203.8 212.6 218.6 222.5 230.8 239.2 United Kingdom.......... 10.84 10.64 11.42 11.87 12.00 12.69 13.82 14.87 15.75 16.69 16.70 17.21 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 14 Textiles and Textile Products Manufacturing (NAICS 313-314) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 16.89 17.73 18.44 19.16 19.34 19.30 21.17 Argentina............... 5.11 5.16 5.23 5.62 5.53 5.40 1.93 2.32 2.98 3.60 4.31 5.19 Brazil.................. 5.03 5.05 4.57 2.82 2.95 2.43 2.15 2.27 2.59 3.34 3.97 4.58 Canada.................. 14.47 14.41 13.00 13.28 13.93 #12.43 13.71 15.18 16.98 18.59 21.13 23.53 Mexico.................. 1.63 1.81 1.88 2.05 2.39 2.70 2.77 2.61 2.61 2.80 2.98 3.04 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.91 17.41 19.49 .. .. .. Israel.................. 7.25 7.74 7.75 7.25 8.12 8.76 7.79 8.04 8.96 9.52 9.94 11.10 Japan................... 19.35 18.21 17.11 18.97 20.80 18.65 17.89 18.69 20.50 19.55 19.23 19.62 Korea, Republic of...... 7.31 6.89 4.84 5.45 6.14 6.14 7.53 8.28 8.46 10.34 11.46 12.02 Philippines............. 1.08 1.02 0.76 0.84 0.80 0.77 0.80 0.81 0.83 0.89 1.06 1.12 Taiwan.................. 5.88 6.29 5.30 5.55 6.13 6.05 5.83 5.55 5.88 6.35 6.72 6.66 Austria................. 23.92 21.80 22.33 21.91 19.68 19.54 21.25 25.84 28.93 30.21 31.44 35.29 Belgium................. 22.18 19.63 20.03 19.59 17.84 17.77 19.73 24.03 27.23 27.79 28.62 31.66 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.85 2.68 3.01 3.64 4.44 5.13 5.67 6.35 7.62 Finland................. 19.37 17.71 17.54 18.21 16.54 17.08 18.99 22.82 26.81 27.50 29.14 32.94 France.................. 22.93 20.53 20.58 19.87 17.40 16.91 17.97 21.61 23.88 24.45 25.61 28.66 Germany................. .. .. 24.84 24.03 21.49 21.36 23.48 28.60 32.04 32.11 33.32 36.94 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.49 3.05 3.61 4.24 4.51 4.97 6.23 Italy................... 18.24 17.29 16.64 16.04 14.10 14.30 15.97 20.91 24.36 25.28 26.08 29.23 Poland.................. .. 2.57 2.81 2.75 2.67 3.08 3.20 3.40 3.72 4.34 4.87 5.84 Slovakia................ .. 1.98 2.08 1.87 1.84 1.96 2.31 3.13 3.62 3.77 4.55 5.69 Spain................... 10.82 9.85 9.89 9.79 9.53 9.64 10.47 13.36 15.37 15.97 17.08 19.95 United Kingdom.......... 13.55 14.95 16.13 16.90 17.06 17.05 18.48 20.94 24.10 24.53 26.23 29.68 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 15 Textiles and Textile Products Manufacturing (NAICS 313-314) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 16.89 17.73 18.44 19.16 19.34 19.30 21.17 Argentina............... 5.11 5.16 5.23 5.62 5.52 5.39 5.92 6.74 8.70 10.46 13.16 16.04 Brazil.................. 5.06 5.44 5.30 5.13 5.41 5.72 6.27 6.98 7.58 8.12 8.63 8.92 Canada.................. 19.73 19.95 19.29 19.73 20.70 #19.25 21.53 21.26 22.10 22.53 23.96 25.26 Mexico.................. 12.38 14.34 17.19 19.62 22.64 25.20 26.77 28.16 29.42 30.46 32.54 33.27 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 25.58 26.68 26.46 .. .. .. Israel.................. 23.13 26.69 29.46 30.00 33.10 36.85 36.90 36.62 40.15 42.71 44.32 45.89 Japan................... 2105 2205 2241 2157 2242 2267 2241 2167 2217 2152 2236 2310 Korea, Republic of...... 5882 6548 6777 6481 6942 7932 9412 9875 9684 10588 10941 11167 Philippines............. 28.17 30.15 31.11 32.72 35.16 39.21 41.40 43.84 46.76 49.02 54.28 52.32 Taiwan.................. 161.5 181.0 177.8 179.5 191.6 204.8 201.2 191.0 196.3 204.2 218.4 218.7 Austria................. 253.3 266.0 276.4 #20.57 21.32 21.83 22.48 22.82 23.26 24.27 25.02 25.74 Belgium................. 686.8 703.1 727.2 #18.39 19.33 19.86 20.87 21.23 21.90 22.32 22.78 23.09 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 98.52 103.3 114.4 119.3 125.3 131.8 135.8 143.4 156.5 Finland................. 88.99 92.01 93.77 #17.09 17.92 19.08 20.09 20.15 21.56 22.09 23.19 24.03 France.................. 117.3 119.9 121.4 #18.66 18.85 18.89 19.01 19.09 19.20 19.64 20.38 20.91 Germany................. .. .. 43.71 #22.56 23.28 23.86 24.83 25.26 25.76 25.79 26.52 26.94 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 713.3 786.8 809.5 859.3 899.4 1045 1153 Italy................... 28135 29453 28902 #15.06 15.27 15.98 16.90 18.47 19.59 20.30 20.76 21.32 Poland.................. .. 8.44 9.79 10.91 11.62 12.61 13.06 13.21 13.59 14.04 15.13 16.37 Slovakia................ .. 66.65 73.32 77.35 84.91 94.56 104.5 115.3 116.7 116.9 134.6 141.8 Spain................... 1371 1443 1478 #9.19 10.32 10.77 11.07 11.80 12.36 12.83 13.60 14.55 United Kingdom.......... 8.68 9.13 9.73 10.45 11.26 11.84 12.31 12.81 13.15 13.47 14.21 14.83 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 16 Apparel Manufacturing (NAICS 315) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 14.34 15.37 16.63 17.28 18.01 18.65 20.42 Argentina............... 3.83 3.92 4.27 4.09 3.98 3.76 1.26 1.55 2.04 2.39 2.74 3.20 Brazil.................. 3.07 2.94 2.82 1.71 1.70 1.38 1.16 1.17 1.35 1.87 2.18 2.73 Canada.................. 11.46 11.48 10.64 10.48 10.76 #9.77 11.07 12.61 14.32 14.95 16.91 18.53 Mexico.................. 1.04 1.16 1.20 1.34 1.58 1.80 1.88 1.79 1.79 1.92 2.05 2.10 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.38 18.39 22.42 26.58 29.81 34.00 Israel.................. 6.03 6.48 6.26 6.42 7.11 7.11 6.97 7.22 6.80 7.31 7.56 7.59 Japan (1)............... 12.53 11.53 10.72 12.92 14.10 11.99 11.77 13.20 13.91 14.29 13.08 12.70 Korea, Republic of...... 6.55 6.10 4.09 5.36 5.93 5.47 6.26 7.17 7.77 10.54 13.01 14.09 Philippines............. 0.94 0.90 0.70 0.73 0.65 0.59 0.61 0.62 0.66 0.71 0.81 0.88 Taiwan.................. 4.68 4.76 4.21 4.61 5.02 4.73 4.87 4.82 5.22 6.24 6.19 6.13 Austria................. 17.80 15.79 16.10 15.58 13.74 13.94 15.43 18.07 19.71 20.89 21.99 24.81 Belgium................. 20.21 18.02 18.49 17.75 16.28 16.29 18.18 22.61 25.94 27.31 28.60 31.87 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.28 2.33 2.56 2.85 3.58 4.17 4.58 5.08 5.84 Finland................. 17.07 15.30 14.33 15.28 14.12 14.19 15.98 18.26 21.95 22.89 23.33 26.87 France.................. 21.51 19.46 19.82 19.33 17.08 16.91 18.33 22.46 25.33 26.33 27.76 31.02 Germany................. .. .. 23.76 23.19 21.35 21.58 24.05 29.78 33.02 33.14 35.04 39.32 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.15 2.66 3.11 3.50 3.91 3.93 5.02 Italy................... 13.66 12.54 12.90 13.08 12.08 12.17 13.49 17.46 20.24 21.00 21.67 24.29 Poland.................. .. 2.08 2.22 2.12 2.05 2.30 2.34 2.55 2.77 3.21 3.54 4.24 Slovakia................ .. 2.10 2.57 1.80 1.86 1.81 2.08 2.68 3.12 3.36 3.67 4.76 Spain................... 9.99 9.06 8.84 8.61 7.17 7.35 8.36 10.71 12.53 13.16 13.56 15.97 United Kingdom.......... 11.15 12.38 13.48 14.00 14.57 14.86 15.03 17.04 19.79 20.61 22.93 26.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 17 Apparel Manufacturing (NAICS 315) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 14.34 15.37 16.63 17.28 18.01 18.65 20.42 Argentina............... 3.83 3.92 4.27 4.09 3.98 3.76 3.86 4.50 5.97 6.95 8.38 9.88 Brazil.................. 3.09 3.17 3.28 3.12 3.11 3.24 3.39 3.59 3.96 4.55 4.73 5.32 Canada.................. 15.62 15.90 15.79 15.57 15.98 #15.14 17.39 17.66 18.64 18.11 19.18 19.89 Mexico.................. 7.92 9.21 11.01 12.78 14.96 16.85 18.12 19.29 20.20 20.93 22.38 22.90 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 24.61 28.19 30.44 34.86 39.56 40.52 Israel.................. 19.23 22.35 23.80 26.60 28.98 29.91 33.04 32.88 30.49 32.81 33.69 31.36 Japan (1)............... 1363 1396 1405 1469 1520 1458 1474 1530 1505 1573 1522 1496 Korea, Republic of...... 5270 5799 5731 6372 6709 7069 7827 8542 8904 10787 12412 13088 Philippines............. 24.55 26.40 28.42 28.57 28.66 30.00 31.40 33.61 36.78 39.27 41.46 41.26 Taiwan.................. 128.5 137.1 141.4 148.9 157.0 160.0 168.3 165.9 174.1 200.6 201.4 201.2 Austria................. 188.5 192.7 199.3 #14.62 14.88 15.57 16.33 15.96 15.85 16.78 17.50 18.10 Belgium................. 625.9 645.3 671.3 #16.66 17.63 18.20 19.23 19.97 20.86 21.94 22.76 23.24 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 78.83 89.78 97.18 93.34 101.0 107.2 109.7 114.8 120.0 Finland................. 78.46 79.49 76.63 #14.35 15.29 15.85 16.91 16.13 17.65 18.38 18.57 19.59 France.................. 110.0 113.6 116.9 #18.14 18.50 18.89 19.39 19.84 20.36 21.15 22.10 22.62 Germany................. .. .. 41.81 #21.77 23.13 24.10 25.43 26.30 26.55 26.62 27.89 28.68 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 616.4 686.0 697.9 709.0 780.3 825.8 929.1 Italy................... 21082 21364 22400 #12.27 13.08 13.60 14.27 15.43 16.27 16.87 17.25 17.71 Poland.................. .. 6.81 7.74 8.44 8.93 9.41 9.57 9.90 10.13 10.40 10.99 11.89 Slovakia................ .. 70.63 90.66 74.54 85.67 87.53 94.08 98.57 100.7 104.3 108.6 118.6 Spain................... 1265 1328 1321 #8.08 7.77 8.21 8.84 9.46 10.08 10.57 10.79 11.64 United Kingdom.......... 7.15 7.56 8.13 8.66 9.61 10.32 10.01 10.43 10.79 11.32 12.43 13.28 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 18 Textiles and Apparel Manufacturing (NAICS 313-315) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 15.85 16.79 17.75 18.46 18.87 19.07 20.93 Argentina............... 4.64 4.68 4.83 5.03 4.93 4.77 1.68 2.04 2.62 3.13 3.67 4.39 Brazil.................. 3.91 3.81 3.55 2.15 2.20 1.81 1.55 1.58 1.82 2.43 2.82 3.42 Canada.................. 12.60 12.60 11.50 11.48 11.89 #10.76 12.06 13.60 15.41 16.50 18.63 20.60 Mexico.................. 1.24 1.36 1.39 1.53 1.80 2.05 2.12 2.01 2.01 2.16 2.30 2.35 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 13.62 17.92 21.04 .. .. .. Israel.................. 6.71 7.21 7.12 6.96 7.75 8.14 7.51 7.79 8.32 8.84 9.13 9.74 Japan (1)............... 14.59 13.52 12.59 14.72 16.08 13.88 13.53 14.84 15.87 15.91 14.91 14.72 Korea, Republic of...... 7.04 6.59 4.59 5.42 6.07 5.91 7.09 7.90 8.23 10.44 12.03 12.82 Philippines............. 0.97 0.93 0.71 0.76 0.68 0.63 0.65 0.66 0.69 0.74 0.85 0.92 Taiwan.................. 5.40 5.70 4.90 5.22 5.75 5.60 5.51 5.32 5.67 6.32 6.56 6.50 Austria................. 21.97 19.93 20.45 19.97 17.81 17.76 19.44 23.44 26.20 27.26 28.27 31.84 Belgium................. 21.60 19.20 19.67 19.23 17.56 17.54 19.49 23.82 27.06 27.75 28.66 31.74 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.60 2.53 2.82 3.31 4.08 4.75 5.25 5.86 6.94 Finland................. 18.18 16.45 15.83 16.68 15.30 15.62 17.56 20.64 24.67 25.52 26.67 30.45 France.................. 22.25 20.03 20.24 19.64 17.28 16.95 18.16 22.03 24.58 25.32 26.59 29.73 Germany................. .. .. 24.48 23.77 21.45 21.43 23.65 28.94 32.34 32.41 33.82 37.62 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.26 2.79 3.28 3.76 4.15 4.34 5.46 Italy................... 16.09 15.07 14.91 14.69 13.18 13.37 14.88 19.37 22.55 23.39 24.12 27.04 Poland.................. .. 2.27 2.43 2.34 2.26 2.55 2.63 2.84 3.11 3.62 4.03 4.84 Portugal................ 4.88 4.42 4.52 4.41 4.04 3.94 4.49 5.57 6.29 6.37 6.44 6.90 Slovakia................ .. 2.05 2.38 1.83 1.86 1.87 2.17 2.86 3.31 3.51 3.99 5.13 Spain................... 10.42 9.47 9.38 9.23 8.39 8.53 9.45 12.07 14.00 14.61 15.37 18.01 United Kingdom.......... 12.71 14.06 15.21 15.87 16.22 16.38 17.45 19.92 23.01 23.57 25.44 28.91 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 19 Textiles and Apparel Manufacturing (NAICS 313-315) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 15.85 16.79 17.75 18.46 18.87 19.07 20.93 Argentina............... 4.64 4.67 4.83 5.03 4.92 4.77 5.14 5.91 7.67 9.07 11.21 13.55 Brazil.................. 3.93 4.11 4.13 3.92 4.03 4.25 4.52 4.86 5.33 5.91 6.14 6.65 Canada.................. 17.19 17.44 17.07 17.06 17.66 #16.67 18.94 19.05 20.06 20.00 21.13 22.11 Mexico.................. 9.40 10.75 12.68 14.64 17.03 19.10 20.45 21.68 22.68 23.50 25.11 25.69 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 25.05 27.47 28.56 .. .. .. Israel.................. 21.41 24.86 27.05 28.83 31.58 34.25 35.59 35.49 37.28 39.69 40.67 40.25 Japan (1)............... 1587 1637 1650 1675 1733 1687 1694 1721 1716 1752 1734 1733 Korea, Republic of...... 5661 6268 6421 6445 6865 7642 8861 9423 9426 10683 11480 11909 Philippines............. 25.38 27.27 29.01 29.57 30.16 32.08 33.47 35.54 38.56 40.91 43.51 43.09 Taiwan.................. 148.5 164.0 164.2 168.7 179.7 189.5 190.3 182.9 189.3 203.0 213.2 213.4 Austria................. 232.6 243.2 253.1 #18.74 19.29 19.84 20.56 20.71 21.07 21.90 22.51 23.22 Belgium................. 668.8 687.5 714.3 #18.05 19.02 19.59 20.62 21.04 21.76 22.29 22.81 23.15 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 89.90 97.51 107.2 108.3 115.2 122.0 125.7 132.4 142.6 Finland................. 83.54 85.46 84.67 #15.66 16.57 17.45 18.57 18.23 19.83 20.50 21.23 22.21 France.................. 113.8 117.0 119.4 #18.44 18.72 18.93 19.21 19.46 19.77 20.34 21.16 21.69 Germany................. .. .. 43.08 #22.31 23.24 23.94 25.02 25.56 26.00 26.04 26.92 27.43 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 648.4 718.2 736.7 763.1 827.8 912.7 1011 Italy................... 24826 25678 25899 #13.79 14.28 14.94 15.74 17.11 18.13 18.79 19.20 19.72 Poland.................. .. 7.43 8.47 9.28 9.83 10.45 10.74 11.06 11.38 11.72 12.50 13.57 Portugal................ 752.3 774.7 815.4 #4.14 4.37 4.40 4.75 4.92 5.06 5.12 5.13 5.03 Slovakia................ .. 68.76 84.00 75.65 85.43 90.30 98.21 105.0 106.8 108.9 118.2 127.9 Spain................... 1320 1388 1402 #8.66 9.08 9.53 9.99 10.67 11.25 11.74 12.23 13.13 United Kingdom.......... 8.15 8.58 9.18 9.82 10.70 11.38 11.62 12.19 12.55 12.94 13.79 14.44 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 20 Leather and Allied Products Manufacturing (NAICS 316) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 18.25 18.35 19.53 20.22 21.02 21.26 23.31 Argentina............... 5.24 5.39 5.38 5.37 5.34 6.34 2.11 2.55 3.32 4.19 4.89 5.82 Brazil.................. 3.53 3.33 2.99 1.88 1.94 1.62 1.45 1.58 1.76 2.30 2.73 3.18 Canada.................. 11.77 11.52 11.00 10.65 11.27 #10.10 11.55 13.17 14.62 14.84 16.66 18.06 Mexico.................. 1.23 1.34 1.37 1.51 1.76 1.98 2.04 1.92 1.93 2.07 2.22 2.27 Israel.................. 6.82 7.12 7.18 7.34 8.04 7.31 6.91 6.97 7.08 8.08 8.87 9.84 Japan (1)............... 15.91 15.43 15.23 17.80 16.93 15.10 14.86 15.43 16.65 15.76 15.32 16.81 Korea, Republic of...... 6.51 6.27 4.43 5.49 6.12 5.87 7.00 8.33 9.35 11.60 13.42 14.92 Philippines............. 0.78 0.74 0.58 0.63 0.60 0.56 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.57 0.87 1.08 Taiwan.................. 5.43 5.30 4.91 5.49 5.68 5.42 5.46 5.70 5.61 6.04 6.38 6.44 Austria................. 19.66 17.38 17.51 16.58 14.68 14.42 16.08 19.75 21.59 21.42 22.97 25.10 Belgium................. 21.82 19.18 19.45 18.88 17.20 16.87 18.59 22.80 25.76 26.54 27.50 30.58 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.55 2.57 2.55 3.34 3.89 4.57 4.95 5.80 6.48 Finland................. 17.61 15.00 13.71 15.75 14.40 14.24 14.82 16.80 20.23 21.40 22.20 25.02 France.................. 21.26 19.04 18.99 18.32 15.97 16.08 17.75 22.09 25.24 25.26 26.90 30.33 Germany................. .. .. 23.42 23.00 21.25 21.69 24.19 30.08 33.59 34.04 35.74 40.43 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.23 2.69 3.39 4.00 4.10 4.28 5.40 Italy................... 15.71 14.49 14.36 14.13 12.66 12.78 14.06 18.03 20.90 21.64 22.37 25.14 Poland.................. .. 2.36 2.44 2.45 2.39 2.64 2.67 2.82 3.10 3.58 3.97 4.76 Portugal................ 4.70 4.31 4.41 4.34 3.93 4.08 4.51 5.37 6.08 6.16 5.85 6.01 Slovakia................ .. 2.34 2.11 1.79 1.89 1.91 2.11 2.91 3.49 3.67 4.23 5.55 Spain................... 9.63 8.38 8.47 8.07 7.22 7.36 8.29 10.27 12.09 12.72 13.40 15.04 United Kingdom.......... 12.09 13.44 14.64 17.20 16.55 17.45 19.35 20.51 23.26 26.29 26.82 27.18 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. Includes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 21 Leather and Allied Products Manufacturing (NAICS 316) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 18.25 18.35 19.53 20.22 21.02 21.26 23.31 Argentina............... 5.23 5.39 5.38 5.37 5.34 6.33 6.47 7.39 9.70 12.15 14.93 17.99 Brazil.................. 3.55 3.59 3.47 3.42 3.55 3.80 4.22 4.86 5.15 5.60 5.94 6.20 Canada.................. 16.05 15.95 16.32 15.82 16.74 #15.65 18.14 18.44 19.03 17.98 18.89 19.39 Mexico.................. 9.36 10.64 12.53 14.39 16.64 18.53 19.71 20.71 21.77 22.60 24.19 24.79 Israel.................. 21.75 24.55 27.29 30.40 32.79 30.74 32.72 31.75 31.72 36.25 39.52 40.65 Japan (1)............... 1730 1868 1995 2025 1825 1836 1860 1788 1801 1735 1782 1979 Korea, Republic of...... 5234 5962 6207 6527 6918 7583 8757 9934 10711 11876 12806 13863 Philippines............. 20.30 21.76 23.65 24.78 26.38 28.32 29.59 30.74 31.55 31.59 44.83 50.63 Taiwan.................. 149.0 152.6 164.6 177.4 177.7 183.3 188.7 196.0 187.1 194.2 207.3 211.4 Austria................. 208.2 212.2 216.7 #15.57 15.91 16.10 17.01 17.45 17.36 17.21 18.29 18.31 Belgium................. 675.6 686.9 706.1 #17.72 18.63 18.85 19.67 20.14 20.71 21.32 21.89 22.30 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 88.08 99.27 97.08 109.2 109.8 117.4 118.5 131.0 133.0 Finland................. 80.92 77.93 73.33 #14.78 15.60 15.90 15.68 14.84 16.26 17.19 17.67 18.25 France.................. 108.8 111.2 112.0 #17.20 17.30 17.97 18.77 19.51 20.29 20.29 21.42 22.12 Germany................. .. .. 41.22 #21.59 23.02 24.23 25.59 26.57 27.01 27.35 28.45 29.49 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 638.0 694.0 759.6 811.9 817.8 899.9 999.2 Italy................... 24237 24683 24946 #13.26 13.71 14.27 14.87 15.93 16.80 17.38 17.81 18.34 Poland.................. .. 7.73 8.50 9.74 10.39 10.81 10.91 10.96 11.34 11.59 12.31 13.35 Portugal................ 725.8 755.9 794.8 #4.08 4.26 4.56 4.77 4.74 4.89 4.95 4.65 4.38 Slovakia................ .. 78.80 74.49 74.18 87.19 92.12 95.63 107.0 112.5 113.9 125.2 138.4 Spain................... 1220 1228 1265 #7.58 7.82 8.22 8.77 9.07 9.72 10.22 10.66 10.97 United Kingdom.......... 7.75 8.21 8.83 10.64 10.92 12.12 12.89 12.55 12.69 14.43 14.54 13.57 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. Includes leather and fur gloves and mittens. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 22 Textiles, Apparel and Allied Products Manufacturing (NAICS 313-316) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 15.98 16.88 17.85 18.56 18.99 19.19 21.06 Argentina............... 4.82 4.88 4.98 5.12 5.05 5.16 1.81 2.18 2.82 3.39 3.96 4.73 Brazil.................. 3.80 3.67 3.39 2.07 2.12 1.74 1.51 1.58 1.80 2.39 2.79 3.34 Canada.................. 12.53 12.51 11.46 11.42 11.84 #10.72 12.03 13.57 15.36 16.40 18.51 20.45 Mexico.................. 1.24 1.35 1.38 1.53 1.79 2.04 2.10 1.99 2.00 2.14 2.29 2.34 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 14.03 18.36 21.47 26.58 30.77 35.10 Israel.................. 6.72 7.20 7.12 6.99 7.76 8.09 7.47 7.74 8.23 8.79 9.11 9.75 Japan (1)............... 14.68 13.65 12.77 14.92 16.13 13.96 13.62 14.89 15.93 15.90 14.94 14.88 Korea, Republic of...... 6.96 6.55 4.57 5.43 6.08 5.91 7.08 7.95 8.35 10.56 12.17 13.02 Philippines............. 0.94 0.90 0.69 0.74 0.67 0.62 0.64 0.64 0.67 0.73 0.84 0.92 Singapore............... 7.49 8.08 8.42 8.09 7.44 7.72 7.08 7.74 7.79 8.31 8.09 9.35 Taiwan.................. 5.41 5.63 4.90 5.26 5.74 5.57 5.50 5.38 5.66 6.27 6.53 6.49 Austria................. 21.62 19.51 19.94 19.36 17.25 17.15 18.82 22.81 25.37 26.19 27.38 30.72 Belgium................. 21.60 19.19 19.66 19.21 17.54 17.51 19.46 23.79 27.01 27.71 28.62 31.70 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.59 2.53 2.78 3.31 4.06 4.73 5.21 5.85 6.89 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 21.58 22.25 24.59 30.24 34.70 35.87 37.29 43.29 Finland................. 18.08 16.20 15.44 16.52 15.14 15.38 17.06 19.91 23.85 24.77 25.86 29.44 France.................. 22.08 19.81 19.91 19.26 16.88 16.66 17.99 21.94 24.62 25.23 26.55 29.72 Germany................. .. .. 24.38 23.68 22.13 22.17 24.46 29.97 33.46 33.61 34.09 38.02 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.26 2.76 3.30 3.80 4.14 4.32 5.44 Ireland................. 11.68 11.67 11.71 12.06 11.59 12.87 14.48 18.01 20.59 21.65 22.95 26.61 Italy................... 15.98 14.93 14.78 14.55 13.05 13.22 14.67 19.03 22.12 22.95 23.68 26.55 Norway.................. .. 23.47 23.53 24.36 22.83 23.72 27.89 33.72 37.09 39.11 41.07 47.89 Poland.................. .. 2.28 2.44 2.35 2.28 2.56 2.64 2.84 3.11 3.62 4.02 4.83 Portugal................ 4.86 4.41 4.52 4.42 4.04 3.93 4.47 5.53 6.24 6.31 6.37 6.83 Slovakia................ .. 2.12 2.34 1.82 1.87 1.88 2.15 2.87 3.36 3.55 4.06 5.25 Spain................... 10.26 9.25 9.19 8.98 8.14 8.28 9.21 11.70 13.60 14.22 14.96 17.38 Sweden.................. 21.93 20.15 20.39 19.89 18.78 17.38 19.17 24.12 27.56 27.89 28.81 32.51 United Kingdom.......... 12.66 14.00 15.16 15.99 16.25 16.47 17.61 19.96 23.02 23.79 25.54 28.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 23 Textiles, Apparel and Allied Products Manufacturing (NAICS 313-316) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 15.98 16.88 17.85 18.56 18.99 19.19 21.06 Argentina............... 4.81 4.87 4.98 5.12 5.04 5.16 5.53 6.34 8.23 9.86 12.10 14.60 Brazil.................. 3.82 3.96 3.94 3.77 3.87 4.10 4.42 4.86 5.26 5.81 6.07 6.51 Canada.................. 17.09 17.32 17.01 16.96 17.59 #16.60 18.89 19.01 20.00 19.87 21.00 21.95 Mexico.................. 9.39 10.73 12.66 14.59 16.97 19.01 20.33 21.52 22.53 23.35 24.96 25.54 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 25.81 28.14 29.16 34.86 40.84 41.83 Israel.................. 21.45 24.84 27.07 28.93 31.64 34.04 35.40 35.23 36.87 39.46 40.59 40.28 Japan (1)............... 1597 1653 1673 1697 1739 1697 1705 1726 1722 1751 1738 1752 Korea, Republic of...... 5603 6229 6394 6457 6870 7632 8847 9473 9560 10807 11614 12095 Philippines............. 24.62 26.39 28.13 28.91 29.68 31.62 32.99 34.95 37.82 40.03 43.00 42.83 Singapore............... 10.56 12.00 14.09 13.72 12.83 13.85 12.67 13.48 13.17 13.83 12.84 14.09 Taiwan.................. 148.5 162.0 164.3 170.1 179.4 188.5 190.0 185.0 188.9 201.5 212.2 213.1 Austria................. 229.0 238.1 246.8 #18.17 18.69 19.16 19.91 20.14 20.40 21.04 21.80 22.40 Belgium................. 668.8 687.2 713.7 #18.04 19.00 19.56 20.58 21.01 21.72 22.26 22.78 23.12 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 89.63 97.76 105.8 108.5 114.6 121.5 124.9 132.2 141.6 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 174.7 185.4 194.0 198.9 207.8 215.1 221.6 235.6 Finland................. 83.08 84.17 82.58 #15.51 16.40 17.18 18.05 17.59 19.17 19.90 20.58 21.47 France.................. 112.9 115.7 117.4 #18.08 18.28 18.62 19.03 19.38 19.79 20.27 21.14 21.68 Germany................. .. .. 42.90 #22.23 23.97 24.77 25.87 26.48 26.90 27.00 27.13 27.73 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 646.3 712.9 740.8 771.1 826.1 909.9 1008 Ireland................. 7.30 7.70 8.22 #11.32 12.56 14.37 15.31 15.91 16.55 17.39 18.27 19.41 Italy................... 24647 25437 25670 #13.66 14.14 14.77 15.51 16.81 17.79 18.43 18.85 19.37 Norway.................. .. 166.3 177.7 190.2 201.2 213.4 222.7 238.7 250.0 251.9 263.2 280.4 Poland.................. .. 7.48 8.48 9.34 9.90 10.50 10.77 11.05 11.37 11.70 12.48 13.54 Portugal................ 750.2 774.5 815.2 #4.15 4.37 4.39 4.73 4.88 5.02 5.07 5.07 4.98 Slovakia................ .. 71.11 82.52 75.28 85.90 90.75 97.47 105.5 108.3 110.2 120.1 130.9 Spain................... 1300 1355 1373 #8.43 8.82 9.25 9.74 10.33 10.94 11.42 11.91 12.68 Sweden.................. 147.1 154.0 162.1 164.6 172.3 179.7 186.4 194.9 202.5 208.3 212.4 219.6 United Kingdom.......... 8.11 8.55 9.15 9.89 10.72 11.44 11.73 12.21 12.56 13.06 13.84 14.37 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Excludes rubber and plastic footwear. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 24 Wood Product Manufacturing (NAICS 321) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 17.05 17.88 18.03 18.54 19.50 19.70 20.67 Argentina............... 3.69 3.70 4.23 4.03 4.10 4.05 1.54 1.97 2.49 3.11 3.65 4.32 Brazil.................. 2.85 2.83 2.69 1.72 1.72 1.53 1.37 1.56 1.84 2.51 2.97 3.64 Canada.................. 18.01 17.80 16.59 16.61 16.77 #15.72 16.64 19.44 21.40 24.53 25.93 27.92 Mexico.................. 1.06 1.18 1.22 1.33 1.53 1.77 1.81 1.70 1.70 1.83 1.88 2.06 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 14.46 19.41 23.46 25.60 26.98 30.77 Israel.................. 8.68 10.14 9.37 8.71 9.31 9.60 8.80 8.88 9.36 9.54 9.70 10.80 Japan................... 18.21 16.94 15.69 18.16 19.14 17.03 16.35 17.84 18.78 19.19 17.88 17.49 Korea, Republic of...... 7.70 7.55 5.20 6.28 7.42 6.90 8.21 9.22 9.84 11.23 12.20 13.80 Philippines............. 0.80 0.70 0.52 0.56 0.54 0.55 0.53 0.51 0.56 0.63 0.69 0.80 Taiwan.................. 5.04 5.01 4.69 4.95 5.10 5.37 5.28 5.31 5.38 6.17 5.89 5.78 Austria................. 24.23 21.58 21.80 21.37 19.32 19.37 20.84 25.50 28.84 29.55 30.45 34.57 Belgium................. 22.91 20.27 20.46 19.83 18.02 17.84 19.69 24.00 27.03 27.73 28.54 31.68 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 2.91 2.90 2.90 3.92 4.64 4.95 5.77 6.45 7.23 Finland................. 20.77 18.85 18.45 19.07 17.38 17.70 19.27 23.79 27.00 28.05 29.11 33.31 France.................. 20.44 18.39 18.57 18.13 16.08 15.91 17.20 21.05 23.68 24.48 25.09 28.13 Germany................. .. .. 25.10 24.35 22.00 21.57 23.27 28.27 30.89 30.84 31.75 35.11 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.16 2.83 3.38 3.99 4.39 4.49 5.47 Ireland................. 14.37 14.42 14.61 14.43 13.51 14.09 15.58 19.60 22.26 23.21 24.50 26.36 Italy................... 15.85 14.67 14.33 14.15 12.60 12.61 13.99 18.08 20.41 21.35 21.80 24.57 Norway.................. .. 21.33 21.60 22.61 21.02 21.79 25.95 30.65 34.53 36.19 38.14 43.66 Poland.................. .. 2.62 2.82 2.77 2.67 2.96 3.09 3.28 3.56 4.14 4.60 5.78 Portugal................ 5.57 5.10 5.23 5.25 4.76 4.64 5.16 6.59 7.53 7.45 7.21 7.62 Slovakia................ .. 2.18 2.20 2.08 2.03 2.10 2.45 3.30 3.72 4.11 4.82 6.45 Spain................... 11.08 9.44 9.52 9.53 8.73 8.74 9.48 11.29 13.44 14.44 15.57 17.65 Sweden.................. 23.96 21.80 21.91 21.13 19.86 18.62 20.44 25.51 28.81 28.98 30.11 34.15 United Kingdom.......... 13.49 14.68 15.62 15.55 16.14 16.19 16.81 18.91 21.92 21.44 22.27 26.66 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 25 Wood Product Manufacturing (NAICS 321) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 17.05 17.88 18.03 18.54 19.50 19.70 20.67 Argentina............... 3.69 3.70 4.23 4.02 4.10 4.05 4.71 5.72 7.27 9.04 11.16 13.34 Brazil.................. 2.86 3.05 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.60 4.01 4.79 5.37 6.11 6.47 7.08 Canada.................. 24.56 24.65 24.61 24.68 24.91 #24.34 26.14 27.23 27.86 29.71 29.40 29.96 Mexico.................. 8.09 9.36 11.21 12.73 14.50 16.55 17.53 18.40 19.14 19.94 20.51 22.51 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 26.59 29.76 31.86 33.56 35.80 36.67 Israel.................. 27.71 34.98 35.62 36.04 37.97 40.37 41.71 40.43 41.94 42.82 43.23 44.62 Japan................... 1981 2051 2056 2066 2063 2070 2048 2068 2031 2113 2080 2060 Korea, Republic of...... 6194 7175 7277 7466 8392 8917 10260 10989 11268 11494 11644 12821 Philippines............. 20.81 20.67 21.34 22.05 24.07 27.88 27.56 27.45 31.15 34.57 35.56 37.34 Taiwan.................. 138.4 144.1 157.3 160.1 159.5 181.6 182.3 182.8 179.5 198.2 191.6 190.0 Austria................. 256.6 263.4 269.9 #20.06 20.93 21.64 22.04 22.52 23.19 23.74 24.24 25.22 Belgium................. 709.5 725.9 742.7 #18.62 19.52 19.93 20.83 21.20 21.73 22.28 22.72 23.10 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 100.6 112.0 110.3 128.4 130.8 127.3 138.3 145.7 148.6 Finland................. 95.44 97.94 98.67 #17.90 18.82 19.77 20.38 21.02 21.71 22.53 23.17 24.30 France.................. 104.5 107.4 109.6 #17.02 17.42 17.77 18.19 18.59 19.04 19.66 19.98 20.52 Germany................. .. .. 44.16 #22.86 23.83 24.10 24.62 24.97 24.83 24.77 25.27 25.61 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 619.9 729.1 759.0 808.6 875.5 944.8 1013 Ireland................. 8.98 9.51 10.26 #13.55 14.63 15.74 16.48 17.31 17.89 18.65 19.50 19.22 Italy................... 24456 24997 24885 #13.29 13.65 14.08 14.80 15.97 16.41 17.15 17.35 17.92 Norway.................. .. 151.1 163.1 176.5 185.2 196.0 207.2 217.0 232.7 233.1 244.5 255.7 Poland.................. .. 8.60 9.83 11.00 11.60 12.12 12.59 12.77 13.01 13.39 14.27 16.19 Portugal................ 859.0 894.8 943.5 #4.93 5.15 5.19 5.46 5.82 6.05 5.99 5.74 5.56 Slovakia................ .. 73.31 77.35 85.90 93.39 101.7 111.0 121.4 120.1 127.5 142.9 160.7 Spain................... 1404 1384 1422 #8.94 9.46 9.76 10.03 9.97 10.81 11.60 12.39 12.88 Sweden.................. 160.7 166.7 174.3 174.8 182.2 192.6 198.7 206.1 211.7 216.5 222.0 230.7 United Kingdom.......... 8.65 8.96 9.42 9.62 10.65 11.25 11.19 11.57 11.96 11.77 12.07 13.32 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 26 Paper Manufacturing (NAICS 322) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.07 29.28 30.61 31.05 31.26 30.70 31.04 Argentina............... 7.25 7.25 7.88 7.78 7.54 7.49 2.73 3.28 3.87 4.64 5.52 6.82 Brazil.................. 9.06 9.01 8.55 5.26 5.91 4.79 4.11 4.62 5.19 6.72 8.19 9.46 Canada.................. 22.99 23.01 22.15 22.10 22.13 #21.73 22.84 26.18 28.42 32.69 34.29 37.22 Mexico.................. 2.47 2.70 2.76 2.96 3.25 3.55 3.49 3.18 3.19 3.44 3.58 3.69 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.81 26.30 30.59 34.25 36.87 42.04 Israel.................. 9.29 10.24 10.10 9.72 10.21 10.56 9.33 9.86 10.45 11.14 11.09 12.43 Japan................... 23.44 22.30 20.51 23.15 24.44 22.57 21.12 22.41 24.48 24.28 23.65 22.45 Korea, Republic of...... 8.52 8.66 6.83 8.76 10.17 9.00 10.43 10.97 11.63 13.57 15.47 16.44 Philippines............. 1.54 1.36 0.96 1.03 0.93 0.91 0.98 1.00 0.97 0.98 1.10 1.40 Taiwan.................. 7.91 7.74 5.96 6.41 7.00 6.74 6.31 6.02 6.29 6.47 6.82 6.81 Austria................. 34.08 29.37 29.62 29.24 25.97 25.84 28.30 35.37 39.12 39.52 40.57 45.27 Belgium................. 26.84 23.78 24.35 23.82 21.76 21.30 23.12 28.32 31.71 32.40 33.52 37.00 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.67 3.63 3.99 4.96 5.88 6.65 7.49 8.75 9.37 Finland................. 30.97 28.50 28.82 29.45 27.16 27.61 30.57 37.56 43.23 45.26 46.81 52.61 France.................. 29.34 26.14 25.97 24.97 21.73 21.58 23.33 28.57 32.04 32.58 33.63 37.57 Germany................. .. .. 29.32 28.58 25.76 25.46 27.88 34.47 38.31 38.50 40.04 44.77 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 4.30 5.39 6.24 7.57 8.47 8.41 9.84 Ireland................. 18.77 18.41 18.97 19.73 17.98 18.89 21.10 27.08 31.50 33.45 33.97 36.47 Italy................... 23.78 22.37 21.11 19.91 17.14 17.11 19.12 24.54 28.13 28.81 29.53 33.57 Norway.................. .. 25.20 25.99 26.13 24.09 24.26 28.05 33.65 37.23 39.91 41.60 49.41 Poland.................. .. 3.82 4.00 4.05 3.92 4.54 4.76 5.30 5.61 6.39 6.87 8.38 Slovakia................ .. 2.87 3.28 3.00 2.87 3.12 4.03 5.42 6.12 6.77 7.47 10.04 Spain................... 17.02 15.04 15.29 15.10 13.56 14.05 15.46 18.62 23.02 22.44 23.98 28.00 Sweden.................. 29.75 27.05 27.31 26.93 25.35 23.63 25.71 31.87 35.92 36.40 37.95 42.85 United Kingdom.......... 17.26 18.97 20.70 20.96 20.09 20.68 22.61 24.98 29.59 29.99 31.24 34.63 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 27 Paper Manufacturing (NAICS 322) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.07 29.28 30.61 31.05 31.26 30.70 31.04 Argentina............... 7.25 7.25 7.87 7.78 7.53 7.49 8.38 9.51 11.30 13.47 16.87 21.06 Brazil.................. 9.10 9.71 9.92 9.57 10.81 11.27 12.02 14.22 15.18 16.36 17.79 18.40 Canada.................. 31.35 31.86 32.87 32.83 32.88 #33.65 35.86 36.68 36.99 39.60 38.89 39.95 Mexico.................. 18.80 21.36 25.23 28.29 30.72 33.11 33.75 34.36 35.96 37.50 39.06 40.34 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 38.28 40.31 41.53 44.91 48.93 50.11 Israel.................. 29.66 35.31 38.37 40.25 41.64 44.42 44.19 44.90 46.82 49.99 49.40 51.37 Japan................... 2550 2699 2687 2633 2634 2744 2645 2598 2648 2673 2750 2644 Korea, Republic of...... 6851 8232 9558 10422 11501 11625 13047 13082 13322 13896 14767 15275 Philippines............. 40.31 40.09 39.15 40.38 41.02 46.30 50.54 54.21 54.51 53.76 56.50 65.35 Taiwan.................. 217.4 222.6 199.8 207.2 218.7 228.0 218.0 207.3 210.1 208.0 221.8 223.6 Austria................. 360.8 358.5 366.6 #27.44 28.13 28.86 29.94 31.25 31.46 31.75 32.29 33.02 Belgium................. 831.1 851.6 884.1 #22.36 23.57 23.80 24.46 25.01 25.49 26.03 26.68 26.98 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 126.7 140.0 151.7 162.5 165.7 170.8 179.6 197.6 192.5 Finland................. 142.3 148.1 154.1 #27.64 29.42 30.85 32.33 33.17 34.76 36.36 37.26 38.37 France.................. 150.1 152.6 153.2 #23.44 23.53 24.11 24.68 25.23 25.76 26.17 26.77 27.40 Germany................. .. .. 51.59 #26.83 27.90 28.44 29.49 30.45 30.80 30.93 31.87 32.65 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1231 1391 1399 1535 1691 1769 1822 Ireland................. 11.74 12.14 13.32 #18.52 19.48 21.10 22.32 23.92 25.32 26.87 27.04 26.60 Italy................... 36688 38110 36663 #18.69 18.56 19.11 20.22 21.68 22.62 23.14 23.51 24.48 Norway.................. .. 178.6 196.3 204.0 212.3 218.3 223.9 238.3 250.9 257.1 266.6 289.3 Poland.................. .. 12.54 13.93 16.08 17.04 18.57 19.44 20.60 20.52 20.67 21.31 23.47 Slovakia................ .. 96.46 115.7 124.1 132.2 150.9 182.7 199.2 197.4 210.0 221.2 250.3 Spain................... 2157 2204 2284 #14.17 14.69 15.69 16.35 16.45 18.51 18.02 19.09 20.42 Sweden.................. 199.6 206.8 217.1 222.8 232.6 244.4 249.9 257.5 263.9 271.9 279.8 289.4 United Kingdom.......... 11.06 11.58 12.49 12.96 13.26 14.36 15.06 15.28 16.14 16.47 16.93 17.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 28 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing (NAICS 324) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 37.47 40.38 41.06 43.44 45.57 47.98 50.25 Argentina............... 19.19 22.78 23.60 25.20 24.59 25.92 9.48 12.10 13.30 15.39 17.76 21.25 Brazil.................. 32.85 33.18 34.03 19.10 21.74 20.57 17.33 22.00 25.00 36.90 42.03 48.45 Canada.................. 27.90 27.00 26.97 27.31 26.51 #26.21 26.67 30.30 32.96 38.83 44.23 45.55 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 46.86 56.17 62.98 71.83 Japan................... 41.87 39.35 37.08 41.33 42.16 37.29 35.38 38.61 38.72 38.68 36.83 36.98 Korea, Republic of...... 15.75 15.85 12.67 17.31 17.72 16.04 19.06 21.49 28.05 36.83 40.84 42.16 Philippines............. 5.67 5.22 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Taiwan.................. 15.01 16.37 14.99 17.63 16.37 15.24 14.04 14.77 14.21 18.18 17.40 17.48 Belgium................. 45.11 40.34 40.44 39.81 36.09 35.70 38.60 47.04 53.23 54.69 56.62 63.78 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 5.28 5.11 5.95 7.32 9.06 10.87 12.05 13.91 15.30 Finland................. 30.65 29.03 30.05 31.48 26.98 28.58 33.84 38.81 45.30 44.30 43.15 52.88 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77.52 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 7.93 10.14 15.20 18.99 19.64 21.49 25.36 Italy................... 26.35 24.29 27.11 28.29 26.29 26.16 28.47 35.23 40.44 41.12 41.85 47.06 Poland.................. .. 6.09 6.79 6.67 6.78 7.92 8.28 9.03 10.27 12.65 14.09 16.98 Slovakia................ .. 4.15 4.15 4.04 4.28 4.66 6.30 9.82 13.04 20.07 17.97 20.99 Spain................... 33.78 29.24 30.47 30.86 27.70 27.64 30.77 39.45 44.33 44.59 47.84 54.43 United Kingdom.......... 24.49 25.03 26.47 27.02 27.26 28.34 33.36 38.83 44.04 51.67 51.73 63.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes processing of nuclear fuels; excludes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 29 Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing (NAICS 324) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 37.47 40.38 41.06 43.44 45.57 47.98 50.25 Argentina............... 19.18 22.77 23.59 25.19 24.58 25.91 29.04 35.10 38.87 44.68 54.25 65.63 Brazil.................. 33.02 35.77 39.49 34.78 39.79 48.39 50.61 67.64 73.14 89.87 91.36 94.29 Canada.................. 38.05 37.39 40.02 40.58 39.37 #40.59 41.89 42.44 42.91 47.04 50.16 48.90 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 63.62 73.64 83.59 85.60 Japan................... 4555 4763 4857 4700 4545 4534 4430 4476 4187 4259 4284 4355 Korea, Republic of...... 12668 15068 17737 20592 20037 20724 23827 25621 32123 37708 38973 39161 Philippines............. 148.2 153.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Taiwan.................. 412.3 471.1 502.8 569.7 511.8 515.3 484.9 508.1 474.3 584.1 565.6 574.2 Belgium................. 1397 1445 1468 #37.37 39.09 39.88 40.83 41.55 42.80 43.93 45.07 46.52 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 182.6 197.1 226.5 239.7 255.6 279.3 288.7 314.2 314.3 Finland................. 140.8 150.8 160.7 #29.55 29.22 31.93 35.79 34.28 36.42 35.59 34.35 38.57 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 56.54 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2271 2616 3408 3849 3920 4521 4696 Italy................... 40647 41393 47086 #26.55 28.47 29.22 30.11 31.12 32.51 33.03 33.31 34.32 Poland.................. .. 19.97 23.65 26.48 29.49 32.44 33.76 35.11 37.57 40.92 43.74 47.58 Slovakia................ .. 139.3 146.1 167.1 197.0 225.3 285.3 360.9 420.6 622.6 532.0 523.0 Spain................... 4280 4285 4553 #28.97 30.00 30.88 32.55 34.85 35.64 35.82 38.08 39.70 United Kingdom.......... 15.69 15.28 15.97 16.71 17.98 19.68 22.22 23.76 24.03 28.37 28.04 31.77 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes processing of nuclear fuels; excludes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 30 Chemical Manufacturing (NAICS 325) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 35.95 37.26 39.04 40.63 42.85 42.82 45.76 Argentina............... 12.38 13.55 14.22 13.90 14.22 14.72 5.28 6.37 7.50 8.84 10.76 12.53 Brazil.................. 13.03 12.91 12.71 8.41 8.65 7.37 6.41 6.60 7.66 9.93 12.38 13.89 Canada.................. 21.90 21.91 21.37 21.54 21.53 #21.26 21.70 25.16 27.03 31.22 35.92 37.10 Mexico.................. 4.76 5.53 5.82 6.43 7.35 8.13 8.12 7.64 7.64 8.26 8.67 9.06 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 26.30 32.39 37.29 37.03 35.68 40.69 Japan................... 35.43 33.17 30.73 35.01 37.01 33.53 32.87 36.07 39.17 38.57 36.59 34.59 Korea, Republic of...... 11.67 10.97 7.63 10.68 12.26 10.93 12.44 14.65 16.87 19.01 22.25 24.07 Philippines............. 2.67 2.47 1.77 2.18 1.90 1.69 1.83 1.93 2.03 2.19 2.46 2.67 Taiwan.................. 8.55 9.43 8.31 8.80 11.16 9.45 8.81 9.40 9.74 10.88 10.88 10.91 Austria................. 34.02 29.38 29.38 29.19 25.83 25.50 27.52 33.76 37.73 39.44 40.90 46.14 Belgium................. 34.27 30.30 30.69 29.94 27.48 27.33 29.53 36.21 41.10 42.38 44.16 49.39 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 4.31 4.15 4.52 5.70 7.06 8.15 8.90 10.16 12.14 Finland................. 26.97 24.74 24.70 24.53 22.40 23.54 26.12 32.68 37.84 38.53 40.61 45.85 France.................. 37.72 33.79 34.12 33.29 29.37 28.89 30.91 37.49 41.61 43.04 45.17 50.81 Germany................. .. .. 44.42 43.07 39.40 39.00 42.49 52.17 57.56 58.01 60.28 66.76 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 5.68 6.97 8.52 10.17 11.58 12.07 14.34 Ireland................. 22.59 22.27 21.70 21.81 20.40 21.97 24.86 31.38 37.30 39.02 41.79 50.30 Italy................... 28.66 27.19 27.22 26.92 23.93 23.66 25.81 32.35 37.58 38.75 39.68 44.87 Poland.................. .. 4.48 5.13 4.90 4.98 5.89 6.27 6.73 7.26 8.76 9.52 11.14 Portugal................ 11.67 10.52 10.49 10.41 9.23 9.61 10.97 13.87 15.55 15.83 16.56 18.19 Slovakia................ .. 4.93 3.35 3.01 3.07 3.38 3.98 5.22 6.03 7.05 8.25 10.53 Spain................... 21.34 19.50 20.05 19.82 17.05 17.54 19.75 25.19 28.42 30.32 30.95 36.14 Sweden (2).............. 28.33 25.75 26.23 25.85 24.12 23.10 26.50 33.41 37.99 38.00 39.26 44.13 United Kingdom.......... 20.75 23.94 26.24 28.76 27.72 27.15 30.15 36.31 39.09 41.69 42.70 46.93 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes unrecorded magnetic and optical media. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes petroleum and coal products, and unrecorded magnetic and optical media. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 31 Chemical Manufacturing (NAICS 325) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 35.95 37.26 39.04 40.63 42.85 42.82 45.76 Argentina............... 12.38 13.55 14.21 13.89 14.21 14.71 16.18 18.48 21.91 25.66 32.87 38.71 Brazil.................. 13.10 13.92 14.76 15.32 15.83 17.33 18.73 20.28 22.42 24.18 26.91 27.04 Canada.................. 29.86 30.35 31.71 32.00 31.98 #32.92 34.07 35.25 35.19 37.83 40.74 39.83 Mexico.................. 36.17 43.81 53.30 61.41 69.48 75.88 78.51 82.44 86.26 90.03 94.55 99.05 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 48.37 49.65 50.63 48.55 47.36 48.50 Japan................... 3855 4015 4026 3981 3989 4076 4116 4182 4236 4247 4256 4074 Korea, Republic of...... 9390 10428 10687 12708 13866 14121 15554 17469 19321 19462 21235 22364 Philippines............. 69.73 72.90 72.41 85.40 84.11 86.11 94.69 104.4 113.6 120.8 126.2 125.0 Taiwan.................. 234.8 271.4 278.9 284.4 348.9 319.5 304.4 323.3 324.9 349.6 353.8 358.4 Austria................. 360.2 358.6 363.7 #27.40 27.98 28.48 29.10 29.82 30.33 31.68 32.56 33.65 Belgium................. 1061 1085 1114 #28.10 29.76 30.53 31.23 31.98 33.04 34.04 35.15 36.02 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 149.0 160.1 172.1 186.7 199.1 209.4 213.1 229.6 249.5 Finland................. 123.9 128.5 132.1 #23.03 24.26 26.30 27.63 28.86 30.42 30.95 32.32 33.44 France.................. 193.0 197.3 201.3 #31.25 31.81 32.27 32.70 33.11 33.46 34.57 35.95 37.06 Germany................. .. .. 78.17 #40.43 42.68 43.56 44.94 46.08 46.28 46.60 47.98 48.69 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1628 1797 1912 2062 2311 2539 2655 Ireland................. 14.12 14.69 15.23 #20.47 22.10 24.54 26.30 27.72 29.99 31.34 33.27 36.69 Italy................... 44215 46327 47269 #25.27 25.93 26.43 27.30 28.57 30.22 31.13 31.59 32.73 Poland.................. .. 14.70 17.84 19.47 21.65 24.12 25.57 26.19 26.55 28.35 29.55 31.21 Portugal................ 1800 1846 1892 #9.77 9.99 10.73 11.60 12.25 12.50 12.71 13.18 13.27 Slovakia................ .. 165.9 118.0 124.5 141.1 163.7 180.5 192.1 194.4 218.6 244.4 262.4 Spain................... 2703 2857 2996 #18.60 18.47 19.59 20.89 22.25 22.85 24.35 24.64 26.36 Sweden (2).............. 190.0 196.8 208.6 213.9 221.2 238.9 257.6 270.0 279.2 283.9 289.4 298.1 United Kingdom.......... 13.30 14.62 15.83 17.79 18.29 18.86 20.08 22.21 21.32 22.89 23.14 23.44 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes unrecorded magnetic and optical media. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes petroleum and coal products, and unrecorded magnetic and optical media. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 32 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing (NAICS 326) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 21.70 22.76 23.46 24.24 24.66 24.15 24.80 Argentina............... 7.17 6.94 7.45 7.56 7.32 7.23 2.64 3.23 4.09 5.14 6.15 7.72 Brazil.................. 6.91 6.77 6.36 4.00 4.21 3.38 3.01 2.70 3.65 4.43 5.47 6.67 Mexico.................. 2.07 2.31 2.32 2.56 2.92 3.23 3.22 3.02 3.02 3.27 3.43 3.58 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.62 21.57 25.63 26.79 27.23 31.06 Israel.................. 9.01 9.75 9.55 9.40 10.07 10.42 9.32 10.08 10.59 10.88 11.52 12.91 Japan (1)............... 22.73 21.63 20.00 22.44 23.34 20.77 20.62 22.25 23.88 23.97 22.62 22.02 Korea, Republic of...... 8.27 7.98 5.48 7.01 7.71 7.44 8.26 8.94 9.66 11.45 13.65 15.18 Philippines............. 1.28 1.22 0.94 1.11 0.93 0.80 0.83 0.85 0.89 0.96 1.07 1.24 Taiwan.................. 6.57 6.48 5.77 6.34 6.83 6.37 6.41 6.41 6.32 6.83 6.76 6.77 Belgium................. 24.69 21.81 22.21 21.68 19.85 19.78 21.37 26.23 29.85 30.78 32.01 35.85 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.61 3.62 3.74 4.69 5.73 6.54 7.12 7.87 9.13 Finland................. 23.11 21.10 20.42 20.46 18.85 18.80 20.23 26.57 29.42 30.65 32.05 36.46 France.................. 25.19 22.66 22.66 21.89 19.17 19.10 20.71 25.50 28.79 29.56 30.40 34.10 Germany................. .. .. 27.22 26.32 23.63 23.45 25.72 31.61 35.02 35.29 36.53 39.92 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.54 4.44 5.40 6.30 6.78 6.81 8.52 Ireland................. 15.91 15.37 15.47 15.54 14.22 14.67 16.50 20.69 23.93 24.98 25.46 28.28 Italy................... 19.59 18.20 18.22 18.06 16.03 16.00 17.78 22.32 25.30 26.42 27.13 30.73 Poland.................. .. 3.29 3.53 3.49 3.40 3.89 4.07 4.40 4.82 5.65 6.18 7.56 Portugal................ 6.63 6.13 6.39 6.14 5.68 5.83 6.33 9.28 10.02 10.51 10.58 11.83 Slovakia................ .. 3.31 3.56 2.98 3.11 3.12 3.85 5.13 5.91 6.24 7.21 8.32 Spain................... 16.86 15.35 15.93 15.73 13.93 13.16 14.88 19.15 21.30 21.90 22.87 26.00 Sweden.................. 24.91 22.50 22.59 22.03 20.38 18.94 21.00 26.52 30.07 30.28 31.41 35.91 United Kingdom.......... 14.99 16.62 17.64 18.92 18.37 18.85 20.60 23.76 27.08 27.52 29.16 33.32 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Includes rubber and plastic footwear. .. Data not available. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 33 Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing (NAICS 326) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 21.70 22.76 23.46 24.24 24.66 24.15 24.80 Argentina............... 7.17 6.93 7.45 7.55 7.31 7.23 8.07 9.38 11.96 14.91 18.78 23.84 Brazil.................. 6.95 7.30 7.38 7.29 7.70 7.95 8.80 8.30 10.68 10.78 11.89 12.99 Mexico.................. 15.76 18.30 21.23 24.43 27.63 30.12 31.09 32.63 34.13 35.61 37.39 39.16 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.57 33.06 34.80 35.12 36.14 37.01 Israel.................. 28.76 33.63 36.29 38.91 41.06 43.83 44.18 45.90 47.48 48.82 51.34 53.35 Japan (1)............... 2473 2619 2619 2552 2516 2525 2581 2580 2583 2639 2630 2593 Korea, Republic of...... 6650 7587 7670 8338 8720 9617 10332 10653 11068 11720 13028 14097 Philippines............. 33.41 36.08 38.35 43.54 41.07 40.78 43.09 46.10 49.67 52.74 54.65 58.14 Taiwan.................. 180.4 186.4 193.4 204.9 213.6 215.4 221.5 220.6 210.9 219.3 219.7 222.5 Belgium................. 764.7 780.8 806.5 #20.35 21.50 22.10 22.60 23.17 24.00 24.72 25.48 26.14 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 124.7 139.8 142.2 153.5 161.6 168.1 170.5 177.8 187.5 Finland................. 106.2 109.6 109.2 #19.21 20.42 21.00 21.40 23.47 23.65 24.62 25.51 26.59 France.................. 128.9 132.3 133.7 #20.55 20.76 21.34 21.91 22.52 23.15 23.75 24.20 24.87 Germany................. .. .. 47.90 #24.71 25.59 26.20 27.20 27.93 28.15 28.34 29.08 29.12 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1014 1146 1212 1278 1354 1433 1577 Ireland................. 9.94 10.14 10.86 #14.59 15.40 16.38 17.45 18.28 19.24 20.07 20.26 20.63 Italy................... 30223 31003 31646 #16.95 17.36 17.88 18.80 19.71 20.34 21.22 21.60 22.41 Poland.................. .. 10.79 12.28 13.87 14.79 15.93 16.61 17.10 17.62 18.29 19.17 21.19 Portugal................ 1022 1076 1151 #5.77 6.15 6.51 6.69 8.20 8.05 8.44 8.42 8.63 Slovakia................ .. 111.2 125.5 123.1 143.3 150.8 174.5 188.5 190.6 193.5 213.4 207.3 Spain................... 2135 2250 2380 #14.77 15.09 14.70 15.74 16.92 17.13 17.59 18.20 18.97 Sweden.................. 167.1 172.0 179.7 182.2 186.9 195.9 204.1 214.3 221.0 226.2 231.6 242.6 United Kingdom.......... 9.61 10.15 10.65 11.70 12.12 13.09 13.72 14.53 14.78 15.11 15.80 16.64 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) Includes rubber and plastic footwear. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 34 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing (NAICS 327) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 22.43 23.51 24.31 24.79 25.44 24.85 26.22 Argentina............... 7.38 7.20 7.79 7.50 7.82 7.70 2.79 3.37 3.93 4.92 5.86 7.18 Brazil.................. 5.50 5.10 4.80 3.14 3.08 2.54 2.04 2.41 2.88 3.65 4.43 5.07 Canada.................. 18.86 18.35 16.93 16.55 16.84 #17.60 17.12 20.41 22.63 25.45 28.07 32.23 Mexico.................. 2.34 2.57 2.59 2.92 3.25 3.84 3.95 3.73 3.66 3.99 4.19 4.35 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 19.05 25.48 31.20 30.94 29.65 33.81 Israel.................. 10.34 10.92 10.44 10.29 11.02 11.33 10.50 11.01 11.90 11.80 12.04 13.59 Japan (2)............... 23.26 22.02 20.53 23.74 24.93 22.71 21.66 23.10 24.41 24.08 22.75 22.32 Korea, Republic of...... 8.97 9.41 6.42 8.40 8.88 8.72 9.12 10.86 12.19 14.19 16.28 17.85 Philippines............. 1.25 1.14 0.95 0.81 0.80 0.81 0.94 1.03 1.09 1.18 1.45 1.65 Taiwan.................. 6.61 6.65 6.16 6.38 6.44 6.50 6.40 6.38 6.81 7.21 7.31 7.28 Austria................. 31.00 27.39 27.69 27.03 24.25 24.07 25.78 31.47 34.69 35.95 37.75 42.57 Belgium................. 28.01 24.74 24.94 24.27 22.12 21.67 23.72 28.84 32.46 33.16 34.21 38.07 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.76 3.53 3.85 5.02 5.90 6.73 7.95 8.50 10.36 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 23.21 23.90 26.08 32.31 36.40 37.59 40.05 46.94 Finland................. 23.23 21.40 20.05 20.54 18.41 18.89 20.19 25.26 28.50 30.50 31.24 35.67 France.................. 27.50 24.82 25.15 24.61 21.77 21.38 22.79 27.56 30.65 31.47 32.70 36.65 Germany................. .. .. 27.18 26.31 23.81 23.65 26.00 32.24 35.69 35.83 37.10 40.99 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.66 4.64 5.54 6.51 7.51 7.41 9.30 Ireland................. 19.33 18.95 18.99 18.51 16.82 17.09 18.98 24.27 26.44 27.90 29.43 32.94 Italy................... 21.22 20.31 19.69 19.04 16.70 16.73 18.13 23.30 26.79 27.86 28.73 32.36 Poland.................. .. 3.28 3.62 3.62 3.63 4.09 4.32 4.61 5.10 6.01 6.70 8.42 Portugal................ 7.04 6.43 6.47 6.53 5.83 5.82 6.52 7.84 8.93 9.34 9.75 10.71 Slovakia................ .. 3.03 2.97 2.69 2.63 2.95 3.57 4.62 5.33 6.09 6.87 9.31 Spain................... 15.29 13.51 13.96 13.85 12.20 12.50 13.48 17.37 19.09 19.83 20.87 23.93 Sweden.................. 25.32 22.61 23.54 22.83 21.42 19.90 22.07 27.80 31.56 31.46 32.71 37.23 United Kingdom.......... 14.70 16.89 18.09 19.49 17.93 18.99 20.10 23.49 27.33 29.12 29.94 34.96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes carbon and graphite products. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 35 Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing (NAICS 327) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 22.43 23.51 24.31 24.79 25.44 24.85 26.22 Argentina............... 7.37 7.20 7.79 7.49 7.81 7.70 8.56 9.78 11.48 14.27 17.89 22.19 Brazil.................. 5.53 5.50 5.57 5.72 5.64 5.97 5.97 7.41 8.42 8.90 9.63 9.87 Canada.................. 25.72 25.41 25.12 24.59 25.02 #27.25 26.89 28.59 29.46 30.83 31.83 34.60 Mexico.................. 17.80 20.36 23.74 27.91 30.72 35.86 38.21 40.25 41.31 43.41 45.73 47.58 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 35.03 39.06 42.36 40.57 39.35 40.30 Israel.................. 33.01 37.67 39.67 42.62 44.91 47.65 49.74 50.12 53.32 52.94 53.66 56.17 Japan (2)............... 2530 2666 2690 2699 2688 2760 2712 2678 2639 2651 2646 2628 Korea, Republic of...... 7219 8951 8994 9992 10041 11268 11405 12945 13962 14527 15538 16586 Philippines............. 32.62 33.68 38.88 31.85 35.44 41.13 48.49 56.06 61.36 65.22 74.27 76.99 Taiwan.................. 181.6 191.2 206.7 206.2 201.3 220.0 221.2 219.4 227.4 231.6 237.7 239.3 Austria................. 328.2 334.3 342.7 #25.38 26.27 26.89 27.27 27.79 27.89 28.88 30.05 31.05 Belgium................. 867.4 885.8 905.6 #22.79 23.96 24.20 25.09 25.48 26.10 26.64 27.23 27.77 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 130.1 136.2 146.5 164.4 166.6 172.9 190.6 192.0 212.9 Denmark................. .. .. .. .. 187.9 199.1 205.7 212.5 218.0 225.4 238.0 255.4 Finland................. 106.7 111.2 107.2 #19.28 19.94 21.10 21.36 22.31 22.91 24.50 24.86 26.02 France.................. 140.7 144.9 148.4 #23.10 23.58 23.88 24.11 24.35 24.64 25.28 26.03 26.73 Germany................. .. .. 47.84 #24.70 25.79 26.41 27.50 28.48 28.69 28.78 29.53 29.90 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1049 1195 1244 1320 1500 1558 1721 Ireland................. 12.08 12.49 13.33 #17.37 18.22 19.09 20.08 21.44 21.26 22.41 23.42 24.02 Italy................... 32740 34600 34193 #17.88 18.09 18.69 19.17 20.58 21.54 22.38 22.87 23.60 Poland.................. .. 10.77 12.61 14.38 15.78 16.74 17.63 17.94 18.67 19.44 20.78 23.58 Portugal................ 1085 1128 1166 #6.13 6.31 6.50 6.90 6.93 7.18 7.50 7.76 7.81 Slovakia................ .. 102.0 104.6 111.3 121.3 142.7 161.6 170.0 171.8 188.8 203.5 232.1 Spain................... 1937 1979 2085 #13.00 13.21 13.96 14.25 15.35 15.35 15.93 16.61 17.45 Sweden.................. 169.9 172.8 187.2 188.9 196.5 205.8 214.5 224.6 231.9 235.0 241.1 251.5 United Kingdom.......... 9.42 10.31 10.92 12.05 11.83 13.19 13.39 14.37 14.91 15.99 16.23 17.46 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes asphalt paving mixtures and asphalt shingles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes carbon and graphite products. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 36 Primary Metal Manufacturing (NAICS 331) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.72 28.64 29.93 30.71 31.38 31.04 31.82 Argentina............... 9.66 9.74 10.57 10.55 11.29 11.61 4.32 5.23 6.52 7.86 10.00 11.73 Brazil.................. 11.01 10.75 10.23 6.38 7.12 6.04 5.52 5.56 7.17 8.79 10.46 12.27 Canada.................. 25.39 24.99 23.27 24.44 24.38 #23.88 24.64 28.74 32.51 35.90 39.59 44.71 Mexico.................. 3.12 3.46 3.58 3.95 4.50 5.11 5.22 5.04 4.89 5.33 5.63 5.81 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 21.79 27.64 32.46 33.64 33.62 38.34 Israel.................. 10.36 11.10 10.98 10.99 11.98 12.86 10.97 11.50 11.48 11.54 12.15 13.20 Japan................... 30.81 28.24 26.30 30.41 32.09 28.98 27.24 29.43 32.83 33.89 32.99 32.41 Korea, Republic of...... 11.36 10.29 7.20 12.04 13.85 11.97 9.89 11.04 13.11 17.27 19.14 21.40 Philippines............. 1.50 1.47 1.07 1.03 0.94 0.90 0.94 0.94 1.00 1.06 1.31 1.66 Taiwan.................. 8.09 7.99 7.20 8.46 8.77 8.83 8.02 8.80 9.39 10.05 10.22 10.69 Austria................. 35.81 31.19 31.72 31.54 28.12 28.30 30.26 36.42 40.02 42.74 43.83 49.57 Belgium................. 34.91 31.00 31.26 30.53 27.52 26.85 29.33 35.70 40.09 41.02 42.33 46.97 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 4.14 3.89 4.29 5.19 6.76 7.84 8.43 9.45 11.21 Finland................. 27.13 24.90 24.86 24.42 22.97 23.14 26.31 32.45 37.70 38.53 41.52 44.30 France.................. 30.74 27.27 27.19 26.27 22.95 22.87 24.81 30.56 34.59 34.63 37.62 42.31 Germany................. .. .. 36.28 35.04 31.72 31.44 34.38 42.09 46.91 47.27 49.62 55.09 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 4.55 5.54 7.04 8.68 9.57 9.96 11.68 Ireland................. 19.03 19.05 19.42 19.07 15.74 16.66 19.10 22.58 26.05 28.19 30.20 32.75 Italy................... 23.92 22.82 22.00 21.15 18.55 18.39 20.05 24.54 27.95 28.51 29.66 33.17 Norway.................. .. 26.60 27.20 26.09 23.45 24.88 30.60 36.12 40.57 43.45 45.29 53.57 Poland.................. .. 4.38 4.70 4.47 4.28 4.93 5.03 5.49 6.14 7.30 8.30 10.04 Slovakia................ .. 3.93 3.90 3.58 3.75 3.96 4.79 6.81 8.49 10.12 11.10 14.15 Spain................... 20.57 18.56 19.84 19.61 17.20 17.04 18.50 23.53 26.68 27.57 29.50 32.11 Sweden.................. 27.81 25.66 26.34 25.74 24.23 22.69 25.02 31.30 35.51 35.36 37.16 42.04 United Kingdom.......... 16.06 18.94 20.92 21.14 21.27 20.65 22.06 25.47 28.74 30.40 31.78 34.62 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Norway, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes manufacture of wire products and uranium processing and refining. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 37 Primary Metal Manufacturing (NAICS 331) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.72 28.64 29.93 30.71 31.38 31.04 31.82 Argentina............... 9.66 9.74 10.56 10.55 11.28 11.60 13.23 15.17 19.06 22.83 30.54 36.24 Brazil.................. 11.07 11.59 11.88 11.62 13.02 14.21 16.11 17.09 20.99 21.40 22.75 23.87 Canada.................. 34.63 34.61 34.52 36.31 36.21 #36.98 38.69 40.27 42.32 43.49 44.90 47.99 Mexico.................. 23.68 27.43 32.72 37.73 42.54 47.74 50.41 54.35 55.17 58.10 61.45 63.48 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 40.08 42.37 44.07 44.11 44.62 45.70 Israel.................. 33.08 38.30 41.71 45.49 48.85 54.09 51.97 52.37 51.46 51.79 54.16 54.56 Japan................... 3351 3418 3445 3458 3459 3523 3411 3412 3550 3732 3837 3816 Korea, Republic of...... 9141 9779 10078 14327 15663 15460 12361 13161 15020 17680 18267 19879 Philippines............. 39.30 43.41 43.93 40.37 41.68 45.71 48.36 51.08 55.85 58.63 66.95 77.90 Taiwan.................. 222.2 229.9 241.4 273.5 274.0 298.7 277.1 302.6 313.3 322.8 332.3 351.2 Austria................. 379.2 380.7 392.6 #29.61 30.45 31.61 32.01 32.17 32.17 34.33 34.89 36.15 Belgium................. 1081 1110 1135 #28.66 29.81 29.99 31.02 31.53 32.23 32.95 33.70 34.25 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 143.0 150.3 163.1 169.8 190.8 201.4 202.0 213.4 230.4 Finland................. 124.7 129.4 132.9 #22.92 24.88 25.85 27.83 28.66 30.31 30.95 33.05 32.31 France.................. 157.3 159.2 160.4 #24.66 24.86 25.55 26.24 26.99 27.81 27.81 29.95 30.86 Germany................. .. .. 63.84 #32.89 34.36 35.12 36.36 37.18 37.71 37.97 39.50 40.18 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1304 1429 1578 1760 1911 2096 2162 Ireland................. 11.90 12.57 13.63 #17.91 17.04 18.61 20.20 19.94 20.95 22.64 24.04 23.88 Italy................... 36904 38882 38210 #19.86 20.09 20.54 21.21 21.68 22.47 22.90 23.61 24.19 Norway.................. .. 188.5 205.4 203.6 206.6 223.8 244.3 255.7 273.5 279.9 290.3 313.7 Poland.................. .. 14.38 16.37 17.75 18.61 20.19 20.52 21.37 22.48 23.62 25.76 28.12 Slovakia................ .. 132.0 137.4 148.3 172.7 191.4 217.1 250.3 273.8 313.9 328.7 352.5 Spain................... 2605 2719 2964 #18.41 18.63 19.03 19.57 20.79 21.45 22.15 23.48 23.42 Sweden.................. 186.6 196.2 209.4 213.0 222.3 234.7 243.2 252.9 260.9 264.2 273.9 284.0 United Kingdom.......... 10.29 11.57 12.63 13.08 14.03 14.34 14.69 15.58 15.68 16.69 17.23 17.29 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Norway, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes manufacture of wire products and uranium processing and refining. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 38 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (NAICS 332) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 21.70 22.72 23.12 23.66 24.30 24.64 26.15 Argentina............... 6.02 5.88 6.95 7.05 6.74 6.64 2.46 2.97 3.62 4.36 5.40 6.50 Brazil.................. 6.25 6.16 5.69 3.53 3.59 2.98 2.41 2.69 3.13 4.20 4.99 5.95 Canada.................. 17.31 17.23 16.45 16.88 17.15 #16.76 16.54 19.64 22.84 24.11 26.26 29.59 Mexico.................. 1.80 1.99 2.01 2.27 2.63 3.05 3.14 2.93 2.90 3.09 3.18 3.39 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.80 20.16 23.43 25.55 26.82 30.59 Israel.................. 9.75 10.16 10.20 9.51 10.33 10.64 9.53 10.25 9.90 10.51 11.15 12.38 Japan................... 23.23 21.04 19.56 22.31 23.51 20.51 19.27 21.08 22.64 22.45 21.17 20.83 Korea, Republic of...... 8.93 8.17 5.37 6.64 7.87 7.26 8.09 9.05 9.57 11.11 13.04 14.35 Philippines............. 0.92 0.91 0.71 0.80 0.75 0.74 0.73 0.71 0.77 0.87 1.04 1.16 Singapore............... 10.82 10.70 9.62 9.14 8.78 9.09 9.41 12.66 9.87 9.80 11.01 12.17 Taiwan.................. 6.01 6.10 5.43 5.70 6.13 5.92 5.49 5.72 5.84 6.32 6.30 6.28 Belgium................. 26.89 23.55 23.88 23.46 21.40 21.00 23.15 28.22 31.98 32.81 34.01 37.82 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.38 3.46 3.61 4.42 5.39 6.23 6.91 7.80 9.44 Finland................. 22.51 20.25 18.47 19.83 17.85 17.96 19.60 24.02 27.59 28.51 30.18 34.17 France.................. 24.73 22.20 22.37 21.85 19.31 19.05 20.49 24.96 27.91 28.52 29.62 33.26 Germany................. .. .. 27.97 26.99 24.19 23.95 26.17 31.98 35.35 35.56 36.78 41.17 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.86 3.42 4.23 4.98 5.37 5.61 6.98 Ireland................. 15.37 15.29 15.11 15.47 14.23 14.76 16.58 20.45 23.38 24.09 25.80 28.59 Italy................... 19.15 17.64 17.20 16.69 14.78 15.27 17.65 22.32 26.66 27.19 28.28 31.63 Poland.................. .. 3.12 3.38 3.34 3.34 3.76 3.93 4.28 4.77 5.58 6.28 7.78 Slovakia................ .. 2.55 2.85 2.60 2.55 2.64 3.01 3.97 4.86 5.45 6.20 7.96 Spain................... 13.17 12.02 12.17 11.96 10.86 11.29 12.63 15.88 18.31 19.07 19.61 22.69 Sweden.................. 24.33 21.67 21.76 21.21 19.78 18.55 20.28 25.61 28.81 29.06 30.16 34.19 United Kingdom.......... 15.64 17.03 18.59 18.88 18.06 18.14 19.20 22.03 26.06 26.49 27.42 31.96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 39 Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing (NAICS 332) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 21.70 22.72 23.12 23.66 24.30 24.64 26.15 Argentina............... 6.02 5.88 6.94 7.05 6.74 6.63 7.53 8.62 10.58 12.66 16.48 20.09 Brazil.................. 6.29 6.64 6.60 6.42 6.57 7.02 7.05 8.26 9.17 10.22 10.85 11.57 Canada.................. 23.61 23.86 24.40 25.08 25.48 #25.96 25.97 27.51 29.74 29.21 29.78 31.76 Mexico.................. 13.69 15.74 18.40 21.71 24.88 28.49 30.32 31.65 32.80 33.70 34.64 37.04 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.07 30.89 31.82 33.50 35.59 36.45 Israel.................. 31.11 35.06 38.75 39.36 42.13 44.74 45.14 46.70 44.38 47.18 49.69 51.17 Japan................... 2527 2547 2563 2537 2534 2493 2413 2444 2449 2472 2462 2452 Korea, Republic of...... 7181 7763 7521 7899 8904 9383 10121 10786 10956 11369 12447 13332 Philippines............. 23.92 26.76 28.99 31.08 33.16 37.49 37.82 38.23 43.38 47.97 53.35 54.39 Singapore............... 15.26 15.89 16.09 15.49 15.15 16.30 16.86 22.06 16.68 16.31 17.49 18.33 Taiwan.................. 165.0 175.4 182.2 184.1 191.5 200.2 189.4 196.8 195.0 203.2 204.8 206.3 Belgium................. 832.7 843.2 867.0 #22.02 23.18 23.46 24.49 24.93 25.71 26.36 27.07 27.58 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 116.9 133.6 137.4 144.8 152.1 160.0 165.5 176.3 194.0 Finland................. 103.4 105.2 98.77 #18.62 19.33 20.06 20.74 21.22 22.18 22.91 24.02 24.92 France.................. 126.5 129.6 132.0 #20.51 20.91 21.28 21.67 22.05 22.44 22.91 23.58 24.26 Germany................. .. .. 49.21 #25.34 26.20 26.75 27.68 28.25 28.42 28.57 29.28 30.03 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 820.6 881.7 948.0 1010 1073 1181 1293 Ireland................. 9.61 10.08 10.60 #14.52 15.41 16.48 17.54 18.07 18.80 19.35 20.54 20.85 Italy................... 29545 30063 29868 #15.67 16.01 17.06 18.67 19.71 21.43 21.84 22.51 23.07 Poland.................. .. 10.23 11.78 13.26 14.54 15.41 16.05 16.65 17.43 18.05 19.50 21.81 Slovakia................ .. 85.79 100.3 107.5 117.5 127.7 136.4 146.1 156.6 169.1 183.5 198.4 Spain................... 1669 1762 1818 #11.23 11.76 12.62 13.35 14.02 14.72 15.31 15.61 16.55 Sweden.................. 163.2 165.6 173.0 175.5 181.5 191.9 197.2 206.9 211.7 217.1 222.3 230.9 United Kingdom.......... 10.02 10.40 11.22 11.67 11.92 12.60 12.79 13.48 14.22 14.54 14.86 15.96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 40 Primary and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing (NAICS 331-332) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 23.29 24.18 24.77 25.35 25.97 26.12 27.43 Argentina............... 7.56 7.44 8.41 8.48 8.51 8.54 3.23 3.86 4.71 5.65 7.04 8.29 Brazil.................. 8.16 7.94 7.44 4.63 4.86 4.08 3.44 3.76 4.57 5.82 6.89 8.10 Canada.................. 20.80 20.36 19.17 19.81 19.90 #19.24 19.37 22.77 26.08 27.98 30.53 34.48 Mexico.................. 2.15 2.37 2.40 2.68 3.09 3.56 3.65 3.41 3.36 3.59 3.70 3.93 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.25 23.21 27.11 28.96 29.82 34.01 Israel.................. 9.88 10.35 10.32 9.73 10.56 10.94 9.73 10.43 10.12 10.66 11.28 12.49 Japan................... 26.39 23.97 22.27 25.53 26.94 23.82 22.39 24.39 26.54 26.72 25.50 25.08 Korea, Republic of...... 9.65 8.80 6.07 9.13 10.74 9.66 8.92 9.98 11.06 13.44 15.30 16.89 Philippines............. 1.16 1.13 0.88 0.90 0.83 0.80 0.81 0.79 0.86 0.95 1.15 1.37 Taiwan.................. 6.72 6.74 6.01 6.57 6.99 6.89 6.33 6.71 6.97 7.53 7.60 7.72 Belgium................. 30.75 27.02 27.26 26.48 24.01 23.51 25.77 31.35 35.35 36.22 37.45 41.61 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.67 3.62 3.85 4.68 5.83 6.71 7.35 8.28 9.94 Finland................. 24.14 21.85 20.63 21.37 19.44 19.49 21.57 26.38 30.46 31.41 33.36 37.00 France.................. 26.08 23.32 23.42 22.79 20.06 19.85 21.38 26.10 29.27 29.77 31.19 35.04 Germany................. .. .. 30.35 29.28 26.25 26.01 28.43 34.76 38.52 38.77 40.35 44.96 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.31 4.01 4.97 5.93 6.47 6.71 8.16 Ireland................. 15.93 15.86 15.76 16.00 14.40 15.05 16.97 20.81 23.78 24.69 26.47 29.24 Italy................... 20.42 18.98 18.40 17.79 15.68 16.03 18.24 22.85 26.96 27.50 28.60 31.98 Poland.................. .. 3.68 3.94 3.80 3.68 4.15 4.28 4.63 5.14 6.02 6.79 8.32 Portugal................ 6.12 5.56 5.70 5.69 5.13 5.34 5.84 7.19 8.51 8.30 8.58 10.03 Slovakia................ .. 3.27 3.41 3.11 3.19 3.33 3.99 5.47 6.70 7.66 8.48 10.82 Spain................... 15.40 13.97 14.18 13.85 12.43 12.72 14.08 17.77 20.36 21.16 22.08 25.03 Sweden.................. 25.62 23.14 23.30 22.71 21.21 19.91 21.87 27.54 31.17 31.33 32.60 36.86 United Kingdom.......... 15.85 17.62 19.30 19.50 18.92 18.79 19.98 22.93 26.73 27.46 28.48 32.63 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes uranium processing and refining. See technical notes. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 41 Primary and Fabricated Metal Products Manufacturing (NAICS 331-332) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 23.29 24.18 24.77 25.35 25.97 26.12 27.43 Argentina............... 7.56 7.44 8.41 8.47 8.50 8.53 9.91 11.19 13.77 16.40 21.50 25.60 Brazil.................. 8.20 8.56 8.63 8.43 8.90 9.60 10.05 11.55 13.37 14.18 14.99 15.77 Canada.................. 28.37 28.20 28.44 29.44 29.56 #29.79 30.42 31.90 33.94 33.90 34.62 37.01 Mexico.................. 16.35 18.78 21.92 25.63 29.19 33.25 35.22 36.78 37.94 39.10 40.37 42.96 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 33.56 35.57 36.81 37.97 39.58 40.53 Israel.................. 31.55 35.69 39.21 40.29 43.05 46.00 46.08 47.48 45.34 47.85 50.28 51.63 Japan................... 2870 2901 2918 2904 2904 2896 2804 2828 2870 2942 2966 2953 Korea, Republic of...... 7762 8368 8497 10867 12144 12486 11153 11894 12668 13764 14596 15692 Philippines............. 30.35 33.39 35.96 35.23 36.74 40.71 41.81 42.95 48.22 52.37 58.99 64.21 Taiwan.................. 184.5 193.9 201.7 212.3 218.5 233.1 218.5 230.8 232.8 242.1 246.9 253.6 Belgium................. 952.3 967.6 989.9 #24.86 26.01 26.26 27.26 27.69 28.42 29.09 29.81 30.35 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 126.9 139.6 146.5 153.1 164.4 172.4 176.1 187.0 204.2 Finland................. 110.9 113.5 110.3 #20.06 21.05 21.78 22.81 23.30 24.49 25.23 26.56 26.98 France.................. 133.4 136.2 138.2 #21.39 21.73 22.18 22.61 23.06 23.53 23.91 24.83 25.55 Germany................. .. .. 53.40 #27.49 28.44 29.05 30.07 30.70 30.97 31.14 32.12 32.79 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 947.1 1034 1115 1201 1292 1413 1511 Ireland................. 9.96 10.46 11.06 #15.02 15.60 16.81 17.95 18.38 19.12 19.84 21.07 21.32 Italy................... 31506 32334 31962 #16.70 16.99 17.90 19.29 20.18 21.67 22.09 22.76 23.33 Poland.................. .. 12.09 13.70 15.09 16.02 16.97 17.45 18.00 18.81 19.46 21.08 23.31 Portugal................ 944.2 976.1 1027 #5.34 5.56 5.96 6.18 6.35 6.84 6.67 6.83 7.31 Slovakia................ .. 110.0 120.0 128.8 147.0 161.0 180.9 201.1 216.1 237.5 251.0 269.6 Spain................... 1950 2047 2118 #13.00 13.46 14.21 14.89 15.70 16.37 17.00 17.57 18.25 Sweden.................. 171.9 176.9 185.3 187.9 194.6 206.0 212.6 222.5 229.1 234.0 240.3 249.0 United Kingdom.......... 10.16 10.76 11.65 12.06 12.48 13.05 13.31 14.03 14.58 15.08 15.43 16.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes uranium processing and refining. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 42 Machinery Manufacturing (NAICS 333) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.06 28.65 29.65 29.87 30.59 30.86 32.08 Argentina............... 6.35 6.65 7.19 7.07 7.15 7.48 2.64 3.02 3.57 4.33 5.44 6.87 Brazil (2).............. 9.00 8.82 8.44 5.24 5.50 4.57 3.41 4.05 4.71 6.19 7.38 8.78 Canada.................. 19.25 19.41 18.93 19.29 20.52 #20.80 20.33 22.98 25.64 28.18 31.99 34.06 Mexico.................. 2.51 2.85 2.94 3.27 3.73 4.28 4.35 4.03 3.99 4.24 4.36 4.65 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.78 23.09 27.65 30.24 31.83 36.30 Israel.................. 13.03 14.44 14.09 13.73 14.23 15.00 13.53 14.08 13.93 13.99 14.74 17.18 Japan (3)............... 26.42 24.35 23.09 26.90 28.64 25.38 23.75 26.32 27.70 27.83 26.61 26.78 Korea, Republic of...... 9.39 8.93 6.39 8.00 9.41 9.51 10.07 11.20 11.61 13.69 16.31 18.42 Singapore (4)........... 13.06 12.91 11.84 10.31 10.66 11.01 10.47 11.87 12.81 11.85 13.59 14.48 Taiwan.................. 6.92 6.88 6.26 6.47 7.10 6.92 6.41 6.56 6.71 7.43 7.54 7.38 Belgium................. 26.94 23.74 23.83 23.43 21.37 20.97 23.10 28.17 31.95 32.74 33.89 37.69 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.58 3.39 3.76 4.93 5.72 6.91 7.33 8.59 10.11 Finland................. 26.21 23.50 22.79 23.00 20.45 21.17 22.98 28.61 33.02 34.19 35.50 41.25 France (5).............. 28.73 25.60 25.72 25.08 22.10 21.95 23.76 29.11 32.74 33.35 34.84 39.09 Germany................. .. .. 34.96 33.98 30.57 30.55 33.45 41.44 46.19 46.57 48.38 54.17 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.47 4.36 5.37 6.45 6.75 6.79 8.36 Ireland................. 16.39 16.06 16.00 15.90 14.77 15.98 17.76 22.39 25.71 27.10 28.70 32.98 Italy................... 22.03 20.83 20.38 19.84 17.61 17.82 19.97 24.80 28.91 29.49 30.68 34.31 Norway.................. .. 27.17 27.47 28.18 26.26 27.25 32.29 37.72 41.06 43.21 45.91 54.05 Poland.................. .. 3.35 3.68 3.59 3.62 4.21 4.40 4.85 5.34 6.43 7.13 8.64 Portugal................ 7.44 6.61 6.99 7.04 6.54 6.49 7.18 9.04 9.97 10.64 11.03 12.44 Slovakia................ .. 2.86 2.95 2.70 2.61 2.71 3.28 4.45 5.21 5.99 6.73 8.69 Spain................... 15.46 13.97 13.96 13.83 12.90 13.15 14.90 18.43 21.25 21.47 22.70 25.97 Sweden.................. 24.90 22.69 23.26 22.65 21.33 20.02 22.30 28.02 31.56 31.70 33.21 37.55 United Kingdom.......... 17.68 19.80 21.61 21.86 21.55 21.57 23.37 26.58 30.65 31.52 32.81 37.57 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, Norway, Rep. of Korea: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Excludes office machinery and automotive diesel engines. (3) Excludes optical equipment and lens manufacturing. (4) Includes domestic appliances; excludes optical lenses, photographic and copying equipment. (5) Includes watches, clocks, and parts; excludes office machinery and automotive diesel engines. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 43 Machinery Manufacturing (NAICS 333) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 27.06 28.65 29.65 29.87 30.59 30.86 32.08 Argentina............... 6.34 6.65 7.18 7.06 7.15 7.48 8.08 8.77 10.43 12.57 16.61 21.21 Brazil (2).............. 9.05 9.51 9.79 9.54 10.07 10.75 9.97 12.45 13.79 15.07 16.04 17.09 Canada.................. 26.26 26.88 28.08 28.66 30.48 #32.22 31.93 32.19 33.37 34.14 36.28 36.56 Mexico.................. 19.07 22.54 26.91 31.21 35.27 39.94 42.05 43.45 45.00 46.22 47.52 50.81 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 32.71 35.39 37.55 39.65 42.25 43.26 Israel.................. 41.60 49.82 53.53 56.83 58.03 63.07 64.09 64.13 62.44 62.77 65.67 71.02 Japan (3)............... 2874 2948 3024 3059 3087 3086 2974 3052 2996 3064 3095 3154 Korea, Republic of...... 7551 8495 8947 9515 10640 12289 12588 13355 13300 14019 15568 17108 Singapore (4)........... 18.42 19.18 19.80 17.48 18.38 19.74 18.76 20.69 21.64 19.72 21.58 21.81 Taiwan.................. 190.2 198.1 210.1 209.2 221.8 233.9 221.3 225.7 224.0 238.7 245.0 242.4 Belgium................. 834.3 850.2 865.1 #21.99 23.15 23.42 24.43 24.89 25.69 26.30 26.98 27.49 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 123.9 130.7 142.9 161.3 161.4 177.7 175.6 194.0 207.7 Finland................. 120.4 122.1 121.9 #21.59 22.16 23.65 24.30 25.28 26.54 27.47 28.26 30.09 France (5).............. 147.0 149.5 151.7 #23.55 23.94 24.52 25.13 25.71 26.32 26.79 27.74 28.51 Germany................. .. .. 61.52 #31.90 33.12 34.13 35.38 36.60 37.14 37.41 38.51 39.51 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 994.6 1124 1204 1308 1348 1428 1547 Ireland................. 10.25 10.59 11.23 #14.92 16.00 17.85 18.79 19.78 20.67 21.77 22.85 24.05 Italy................... 33982 35495 35394 #18.62 19.08 19.90 21.12 21.91 23.24 23.69 24.42 25.02 Norway.................. .. 192.5 207.5 220.0 231.4 245.2 257.8 267.1 276.8 278.3 294.3 316.5 Poland.................. .. 10.99 12.81 14.27 15.76 17.22 17.93 18.86 19.55 20.81 22.14 24.21 Portugal................ 1149 1160 1260 #6.61 7.08 7.25 7.60 7.99 8.02 8.55 8.78 9.07 Slovakia................ .. 96.10 104.1 111.5 120.1 130.9 148.7 163.6 168.0 185.8 199.3 216.6 Spain................... 1958 2046 2085 #12.98 13.97 14.68 15.76 16.28 17.08 17.25 18.07 18.94 Sweden.................. 167.0 173.5 185.0 187.4 195.6 207.0 216.8 226.4 231.9 236.8 244.8 253.7 United Kingdom.......... 11.33 12.09 13.04 13.52 14.22 14.99 15.57 16.26 16.72 17.31 17.78 18.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, Norway, Rep. of Korea: includes manufacture of wire products, central heating radiators and boilers, and commercial water heaters. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Excludes office machinery and automotive diesel engines. (3) Excludes optical equipment and lens manufacturing. (4) Includes domestic appliances; excludes optical lenses, photographic and copying equipment. (5) Includes watches, clocks, and parts; excludes office machinery and automotive diesel engines. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 44 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing (NAICS 334) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 40.50 42.02 43.87 46.07 48.61 51.18 53.69 Brazil.................. 10.54 11.56 11.06 7.67 8.38 7.33 5.93 5.21 6.55 8.44 9.70 11.00 Mexico.................. .. .. 2.45 2.83 3.35 3.98 4.17 3.96 3.91 4.16 4.27 4.56 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.47 25.54 32.34 32.71 31.94 36.43 Israel.................. 17.75 18.40 19.02 19.49 18.56 21.07 18.60 18.35 17.80 17.51 17.55 20.17 Korea, Republic of...... 9.44 9.18 6.52 7.84 8.71 8.26 9.92 10.89 13.05 15.70 18.23 20.07 Singapore (2)........... 11.71 11.94 11.52 10.94 12.78 13.56 12.63 13.27 14.51 14.73 14.81 18.06 Taiwan.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.79 8.27 9.00 9.55 9.82 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.34 3.02 3.86 4.76 5.48 6.67 7.91 7.97 10.14 Finland................. 25.03 21.04 22.98 22.87 20.67 21.66 25.15 32.21 38.73 41.67 43.98 45.50 France (3).............. 36.77 32.63 32.80 32.28 28.75 28.60 30.73 37.43 41.84 43.50 44.62 49.74 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 62.87 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.63 4.53 5.57 6.53 7.19 7.44 9.33 Ireland................. 19.54 19.57 19.26 18.78 16.93 19.04 20.75 25.94 30.35 31.71 32.56 40.52 Italy................... .. 24.06 23.76 23.09 20.51 20.60 22.84 28.28 32.68 33.35 34.69 38.80 Poland.................. .. 3.65 4.17 4.43 4.53 5.56 6.03 6.28 6.28 7.26 7.44 8.87 Slovakia................ .. 2.21 2.65 2.60 2.49 2.52 3.31 4.06 4.85 4.86 5.73 7.52 Spain................... 20.48 18.73 18.99 18.27 16.51 16.55 17.17 20.84 24.57 25.89 26.66 29.86 United Kingdom.......... 17.59 19.33 21.49 22.52 21.54 24.40 24.93 28.23 34.14 34.63 36.09 40.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Rep. of Korea: includes office machinery; excludes reproduction of recorded media and measurement & navigation equipment. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Excludes reproduction of recorded media, measurement & navigation equipment, and watches & clocks. (3) Includes office machinery. .. Data not available. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 45 Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing (NAICS 334) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 40.50 42.02 43.87 46.07 48.61 51.18 53.69 Brazil.................. 10.59 12.47 12.84 13.96 15.34 17.24 17.31 16.01 19.17 20.55 21.09 21.41 Mexico.................. .. .. 22.43 27.03 31.68 37.14 40.25 42.78 44.16 45.28 46.53 49.78 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 33.97 39.14 43.91 42.88 42.39 43.42 Israel.................. 56.64 63.45 72.29 80.69 75.68 88.62 88.10 83.57 79.79 78.59 78.23 83.36 Korea, Republic of...... 7593 8729 9127 9325 9845 10676 12400 12977 14945 16069 17402 18644 Singapore (2)........... 16.51 17.74 19.27 18.55 22.05 24.31 22.62 23.13 24.52 24.50 23.51 27.20 Taiwan.................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 267.9 276.0 289.1 310.6 322.6 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 115.5 116.7 147.0 155.9 154.6 171.5 189.5 180.1 208.4 Finland................. 115.0 109.3 122.9 #21.46 22.39 24.19 26.60 28.45 31.14 33.48 35.00 33.19 France (3).............. 188.1 190.6 193.5 #30.30 31.14 31.95 32.50 33.07 33.64 34.95 35.52 36.28 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45.85 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1041 1169 1249 1325 1436 1566 1727 Ireland................. 12.22 12.90 13.52 #17.63 18.34 21.26 21.95 22.91 24.40 25.47 25.92 29.55 Italy................... .. 40991 41263 #21.68 22.22 23.01 24.16 24.98 26.27 26.79 27.61 28.30 Poland.................. .. 11.97 14.50 17.59 19.70 22.75 24.61 24.43 22.97 23.47 23.07 24.86 Slovakia................ .. 74.34 93.43 107.5 114.7 121.7 150.1 149.3 156.6 150.7 169.7 187.4 Spain................... 2595 2744 2837 #17.15 17.88 18.49 18.16 18.41 19.75 20.80 21.22 21.78 United Kingdom.......... 11.27 11.80 12.97 13.92 14.21 16.95 16.60 17.27 18.63 19.01 19.56 20.13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Rep. of Korea: includes office machinery; excludes reproduction of recorded media and measurement & navigation equipment. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Excludes reproduction of recorded media, measurement & navigation equipment, and watches & clocks. (3) Includes office machinery. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 46 Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing (NAICS 335) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 25.14 26.18 27.29 28.65 29.43 29.71 30.73 Argentina............... 6.94 7.09 7.85 7.92 7.36 8.76 2.85 3.33 4.08 5.03 6.18 7.49 Brazil.................. 9.05 9.13 8.83 5.33 5.44 4.65 4.08 4.43 4.72 6.73 7.36 8.96 Canada.................. 17.93 18.05 18.45 18.90 19.37 #18.43 18.07 21.63 24.19 27.01 30.93 34.98 Mexico.................. 2.09 2.41 2.53 2.88 3.37 3.97 4.12 3.90 3.84 4.08 4.19 4.48 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.99 20.65 24.50 27.53 29.70 33.87 Israel.................. 11.21 12.33 12.21 12.12 12.81 13.06 11.99 12.17 12.33 12.61 13.42 14.47 Japan (2)............... 26.72 24.73 23.45 27.71 29.38 26.39 25.47 27.70 29.93 29.50 28.04 28.66 Korea, Republic of...... 8.47 8.00 5.67 6.74 8.02 6.96 9.63 10.59 11.31 12.33 14.08 15.68 Philippines............. 1.62 1.56 1.13 1.21 1.07 1.01 1.11 1.17 1.29 1.46 1.20 1.65 Singapore............... 11.77 11.26 10.81 9.14 10.00 11.54 10.89 12.55 12.52 13.05 13.95 14.76 Taiwan.................. 7.26 7.20 6.54 6.90 7.16 7.19 6.77 6.78 6.79 7.36 7.52 7.67 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 3.45 3.38 3.95 4.45 5.58 6.46 7.02 7.74 9.15 Finland................. 24.33 21.85 21.68 21.71 19.22 20.29 23.51 26.62 30.52 32.69 33.18 38.15 France.................. 29.04 25.90 26.24 25.70 22.80 22.40 23.91 28.99 32.22 32.99 34.89 39.18 Germany................. .. .. 34.48 33.43 30.30 30.50 33.88 41.80 46.56 46.97 49.04 54.88 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 3.71 4.53 5.56 6.52 6.98 7.14 8.89 Ireland................. 18.19 17.44 17.83 17.71 16.59 18.75 19.37 24.03 27.65 28.21 28.81 34.94 Italy................... 21.49 20.03 19.61 19.03 16.87 16.90 18.65 23.04 26.48 27.06 28.12 31.48 Poland.................. .. 3.61 3.96 3.89 3.76 4.24 4.39 4.78 5.26 6.18 6.64 8.13 Slovakia................ .. 2.51 2.96 2.58 2.35 2.33 2.73 3.86 4.23 4.62 5.53 6.99 Spain................... 16.52 14.90 15.03 15.09 12.78 13.22 14.68 18.77 21.73 22.65 24.39 26.32 United Kingdom.......... 16.35 17.98 20.01 20.57 20.05 20.08 21.84 25.64 29.06 29.63 30.36 35.97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes domestic appliances. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes electronic medical equipment and electronic measuring instruments, video recording and duplicating equipment. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 47 Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing (NAICS 335) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 25.14 26.18 27.29 28.65 29.43 29.71 30.73 Argentina............... 6.94 7.09 7.84 7.92 7.35 8.75 8.74 9.66 11.92 14.60 18.88 23.12 Brazil.................. 9.09 9.84 10.25 9.70 9.95 10.95 11.91 13.62 13.82 16.38 16.01 17.44 Canada.................. 24.45 24.99 27.37 28.08 28.77 #28.55 28.37 30.30 31.48 32.72 35.07 37.55 Mexico.................. 15.91 19.06 23.12 27.49 31.85 37.02 39.85 42.07 43.40 44.49 45.70 48.90 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 29.40 31.66 33.27 36.10 39.41 40.36 Israel.................. 35.79 42.53 46.39 50.17 52.22 54.91 56.80 55.42 55.28 56.58 59.81 59.80 Japan (2)............... 2906 2994 3071 3152 3168 3208 3190 3212 3237 3248 3261 3375 Korea, Republic of...... 6813 7607 7946 8020 9067 8989 12035 12626 12949 12625 13437 14564 Philippines............. 42.25 46.06 46.04 47.19 47.30 51.72 57.40 63.38 72.17 80.27 61.37 77.19 Singapore............... 16.59 16.72 18.07 15.49 17.25 20.69 19.49 21.87 21.16 21.71 22.15 22.24 Taiwan.................. 199.4 207.1 219.3 223.1 223.7 243.2 233.9 233.3 226.5 236.6 244.3 251.9 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 119.3 130.4 150.3 145.8 157.3 166.0 168.1 175.0 187.9 Finland................. 111.8 113.5 115.9 #20.38 20.82 22.66 24.86 23.52 24.54 26.26 26.41 27.82 France.................. 148.6 151.2 154.8 #24.13 24.70 25.02 25.29 25.61 25.91 26.50 27.77 28.58 Germany................. .. .. 60.67 #31.38 32.83 34.08 35.84 36.92 37.44 37.73 39.04 40.02 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1062 1168 1248 1322 1393 1501 1647 Ireland................. 11.37 11.50 12.52 #16.63 17.97 20.94 20.49 21.22 22.23 22.66 22.94 25.48 Italy................... 33149 34125 34059 #17.87 18.28 18.88 19.73 20.35 21.29 21.74 22.38 22.96 Poland.................. .. 11.84 13.79 15.45 16.35 17.37 17.92 18.60 19.25 20.01 20.61 22.78 Slovakia................ .. 84.39 104.2 106.6 108.4 112.9 123.7 141.9 136.5 143.4 163.8 174.1 Spain................... 2093 2184 2246 #14.17 13.84 14.76 15.52 16.58 17.47 18.20 19.41 19.19 United Kingdom.......... 10.48 10.98 12.07 12.72 13.23 13.95 14.54 15.68 15.85 16.27 16.45 17.97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: excludes domestic appliances. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Includes electronic medical equipment and electronic measuring instruments, video recording and duplicating equipment. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 48 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (NAICS 336) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 31.53 33.31 35.49 35.67 35.84 35.98 36.35 Argentina............... 9.29 9.09 9.51 10.78 10.59 10.55 3.78 4.42 5.02 6.40 7.60 9.27 Brazil.................. 12.40 12.10 11.69 7.55 8.04 6.64 5.76 6.08 7.08 9.08 10.56 13.14 Canada.................. 23.44 23.52 22.93 22.74 23.18 #22.84 23.71 28.11 31.33 34.11 36.27 39.91 Mexico.................. .. .. 3.03 3.44 4.01 4.70 4.87 4.59 4.54 4.83 4.95 5.29 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 18.52 23.26 27.07 29.73 31.42 35.83 Israel.................. 16.95 18.03 17.62 17.47 19.25 19.24 17.74 20.47 20.59 20.94 20.97 24.47 Japan................... 28.90 27.22 25.47 28.97 30.04 27.15 26.37 28.56 30.48 30.29 28.50 28.32 Korea, Republic of...... 12.23 10.49 7.92 10.05 11.12 9.81 12.99 13.53 15.37 18.30 20.82 23.30 Philippines............. 1.55 1.64 1.22 1.57 1.48 1.42 1.49 1.51 1.71 1.95 2.10 2.71 Singapore............... 12.91 13.35 11.65 11.21 11.44 11.00 11.04 13.06 11.83 10.70 13.76 12.90 Taiwan.................. 8.27 8.78 7.83 8.70 8.50 9.43 7.83 7.63 8.07 8.68 9.24 8.68 Belgium................. 31.56 27.96 28.09 27.61 25.22 24.75 27.26 33.25 37.80 38.70 40.03 44.51 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 4.15 4.06 4.52 5.30 6.59 7.67 8.45 9.64 11.41 Finland................. 25.81 22.97 22.86 22.56 20.15 19.96 22.46 28.65 31.49 31.39 33.57 37.88 France.................. 32.40 28.71 28.59 27.53 24.09 24.44 26.88 33.60 38.47 39.56 41.59 46.68 Germany................. .. .. 41.39 41.06 37.17 36.97 39.49 49.03 55.48 56.62 58.79 66.16 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 4.48 5.52 6.90 8.08 8.72 8.74 10.91 Ireland................. 16.47 16.18 15.67 16.24 14.83 15.83 18.43 23.36 27.01 27.84 28.76 33.38 Italy................... 23.22 22.19 21.68 21.01 18.58 18.49 20.22 24.83 28.36 28.93 30.09 33.65 Poland.................. .. 3.76 4.16 4.14 4.14 4.74 4.74 5.18 5.73 6.75 7.46 9.13 Portugal................ 9.39 8.86 8.78 7.69 6.71 6.85 8.05 9.40 11.01 11.73 11.10 11.89 Slovakia................ .. 2.96 3.05 3.07 3.29 3.16 3.99 5.34 6.59 7.69 8.37 10.18 Spain................... 19.59 17.59 17.86 17.72 16.11 15.75 17.39 22.24 24.93 25.98 27.92 31.93 Sweden.................. 26.49 24.37 24.94 24.22 22.93 21.40 24.17 30.07 34.03 34.10 36.35 41.25 United Kingdom.......... 19.70 22.12 23.61 24.27 23.59 24.04 26.72 32.22 37.86 38.74 40.84 45.01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 49 Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (NAICS 336) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 31.53 33.31 35.49 35.67 35.84 35.98 36.35 Argentina............... 9.28 9.09 9.51 10.78 10.58 10.54 11.57 12.81 14.66 18.59 23.23 28.63 Brazil.................. 12.46 13.04 13.56 13.75 14.72 15.62 16.83 18.68 20.73 22.12 22.96 25.57 Canada.................. 31.97 32.57 34.02 33.79 34.44 #35.37 37.23 39.37 40.79 41.33 41.13 42.84 Mexico.................. .. .. 27.75 32.88 37.92 43.90 47.10 49.59 51.25 52.58 54.04 57.80 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.06 35.66 36.75 38.98 41.70 42.70 Israel.................. 54.11 62.17 66.95 72.31 78.47 80.92 84.06 93.20 92.29 93.96 93.43 101.1 Japan................... 3144 3295 3337 3294 3238 3300 3302 3311 3296 3335 3315 3335 Korea, Republic of...... 9839 9969 11093 11957 12579 12675 16239 16128 17600 18738 19873 21641 Philippines............. 40.54 48.21 49.90 61.32 65.55 72.53 76.96 82.11 95.59 107.6 107.7 126.8 Singapore............... 18.20 19.83 19.48 19.00 19.74 19.73 19.76 22.76 19.99 17.81 21.86 19.44 Taiwan.................. 227.0 252.6 262.5 281.2 265.6 319.0 270.3 262.6 269.4 279.0 300.4 285.3 Belgium................. 977.4 1001 1020 #25.92 27.32 27.64 28.83 29.37 30.39 31.09 31.86 32.46 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 143.3 156.7 172.1 173.5 186.0 197.2 202.4 217.8 234.5 Finland................. 118.6 119.4 122.3 #21.18 21.82 22.30 23.76 25.31 25.32 25.22 26.72 27.62 France.................. 165.7 167.7 168.7 #25.84 26.09 27.30 28.43 29.68 30.93 31.78 33.10 34.05 Germany................. .. .. 72.84 #38.54 40.26 41.29 41.78 43.31 44.61 45.48 46.80 48.25 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1283 1423 1547 1638 1740 1840 2020 Ireland................. 10.29 10.67 11.00 #15.24 16.07 17.68 19.49 20.63 21.71 22.37 22.89 24.35 Italy................... 35825 37811 37651 #19.72 20.12 20.66 21.39 21.93 22.80 23.24 23.95 24.54 Poland.................. .. 12.33 14.48 16.45 18.00 19.40 19.34 20.14 20.96 21.84 23.16 25.58 Portugal................ 1449 1554 1583 #7.21 7.27 7.65 8.52 8.31 8.85 9.42 8.84 8.67 Slovakia................ .. 99.47 107.5 127.1 151.5 152.6 181.1 196.5 212.6 238.4 247.9 253.8 Spain................... 2482 2578 2669 #16.63 17.46 17.59 18.40 19.64 20.04 20.87 22.22 23.28 Sweden.................. 177.7 186.3 198.3 200.4 210.3 221.3 235.0 242.9 250.1 254.7 268.0 278.7 United Kingdom.......... 12.63 13.51 14.25 15.01 15.57 16.70 17.80 19.71 20.66 21.27 22.13 22.48 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 50 Motor Vehicle and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 3361-3363) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 30.87 32.16 34.51 34.22 34.45 33.65 33.77 Argentina............... 9.57 9.38 9.82 11.41 11.04 10.96 3.92 4.54 5.08 6.53 7.70 9.34 Brazil.................. 12.87 12.43 12.00 7.73 8.13 6.72 5.79 6.13 7.03 9.07 10.91 13.08 Canada (2).............. 24.47 24.62 24.06 23.91 24.16 #23.90 24.73 29.22 32.60 35.35 37.37 41.11 Mexico.................. 2.69 3.01 3.05 3.46 4.03 4.72 4.88 4.60 4.54 4.83 4.96 5.29 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 17.29 22.27 26.45 29.10 30.80 35.13 Korea, Republic of...... 11.80 9.74 7.43 9.66 10.78 9.91 12.35 13.09 14.86 17.03 19.62 21.66 Philippines............. 1.68 1.71 1.28 1.79 1.66 1.59 1.53 1.45 1.49 1.57 1.69 2.17 Taiwan.................. 8.33 9.03 8.17 9.20 8.88 9.53 8.22 8.11 8.98 9.50 10.15 9.08 Austria................. 32.57 29.21 29.86 29.56 26.81 25.60 27.31 33.58 37.06 37.75 38.56 44.07 Belgium................. 30.38 26.73 26.86 26.45 24.08 23.66 26.09 31.80 36.00 36.98 38.32 42.61 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 4.32 4.13 4.65 5.39 6.70 7.79 8.53 9.79 11.53 Finland................. 22.61 19.57 20.17 20.35 18.35 18.72 20.73 26.23 29.12 29.42 31.42 35.29 France.................. 30.30 26.96 26.88 25.86 22.68 22.92 25.09 31.25 35.67 36.72 38.09 42.73 Germany................. .. .. 42.07 41.76 37.83 37.52 39.93 49.63 56.32 57.54 59.68 67.14 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 4.51 5.59 6.91 8.05 8.71 8.65 10.80 Ireland................. 14.27 14.55 14.48 15.70 13.71 15.06 16.45 20.62 23.82 24.52 25.08 28.92 Italy................... 22.83 21.68 21.32 20.77 18.46 18.36 20.07 24.63 28.12 28.68 29.83 33.36 Poland.................. .. 3.73 4.05 4.00 3.92 4.39 4.57 5.13 5.72 6.77 7.41 9.03 Slovakia................ .. 2.91 3.13 3.24 3.55 3.31 4.32 5.65 6.89 8.03 8.62 10.46 Spain................... 19.38 17.41 17.71 17.68 16.31 15.84 17.41 22.25 24.70 25.98 27.84 31.78 United Kingdom.......... 19.69 22.05 23.48 23.58 22.66 22.91 25.18 29.51 35.03 34.89 37.00 41.65 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Data for motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (NAICS 3362) are not available and not included. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 51 Motor Vehicle and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 3361-3363) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 30.87 32.16 34.51 34.22 34.45 33.65 33.77 Argentina............... 9.56 9.38 9.82 11.40 11.03 10.96 12.00 13.16 14.86 18.96 23.53 28.85 Brazil.................. 12.94 13.39 13.93 14.07 14.87 15.81 16.92 18.85 20.56 22.08 23.73 25.45 Canada (2).............. 33.38 34.10 35.70 35.53 35.89 #37.02 38.83 40.92 42.43 42.83 42.38 44.12 Mexico.................. 20.46 23.83 27.95 33.06 38.08 44.03 47.20 49.64 51.30 52.63 54.09 57.86 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 31.80 34.14 35.91 38.15 40.88 41.86 Korea, Republic of...... 9495 9262 10401 11500 12196 12798 15440 15607 17019 17435 18721 20125 Philippines............. 43.83 50.46 52.15 70.08 73.30 81.17 79.03 78.78 83.34 86.40 86.50 101.7 Taiwan.................. 228.8 259.9 274.0 297.4 277.6 322.3 283.9 279.1 299.7 305.2 330.0 298.3 Austria................. 344.9 356.5 369.6 #27.75 29.04 28.59 28.89 29.67 29.80 30.32 30.70 32.14 Belgium................. 940.7 957.2 975.2 #24.83 26.09 26.43 27.59 28.09 28.95 29.71 30.50 31.08 Czech Republic.......... .. .. .. 149.2 159.4 177.0 176.6 189.1 200.1 204.4 221.1 236.9 Finland................. 103.9 101.7 107.8 #19.10 19.88 20.91 21.93 23.17 23.41 23.64 25.01 25.74 France.................. 155.0 157.4 158.6 #24.28 24.57 25.60 26.54 27.60 28.68 29.50 30.32 31.16 Germany................. .. .. 74.03 #39.20 40.97 41.91 42.23 43.83 45.28 46.22 47.51 48.97 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1291 1441 1549 1632 1738 1819 1999 Ireland................. 8.92 9.59 10.16 #14.74 14.85 16.82 17.40 18.22 19.15 19.69 19.96 21.09 Italy................... 35227 36933 37026 #19.49 20.00 20.51 21.23 21.76 22.61 23.04 23.75 24.33 Poland.................. .. 12.23 14.08 15.88 17.06 17.99 18.66 19.95 20.93 21.92 23.00 25.29 Slovakia................ .. 97.88 110.5 134.2 163.3 160.2 195.8 207.8 222.1 249.0 255.1 260.6 Spain................... 2455 2551 2646 #16.60 17.67 17.70 18.42 19.66 19.86 20.87 22.16 23.18 United Kingdom.......... 12.62 13.47 14.17 14.58 14.95 15.92 16.77 18.05 19.11 19.16 20.05 20.80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries, Argentina, Brazil, France, Rep. of Korea, Philippines: includes automotive diesel engines. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. (2) Data for motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing (NAICS 3362) are not available and not included. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 52 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 3364) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 35.44 39.79 42.11 43.12 42.59 45.21 44.64 Canada.................. 23.58 23.71 22.50 22.50 22.98 #22.76 23.75 29.32 32.46 34.71 37.65 40.93 Mexico.................. .. .. 3.11 3.63 4.30 5.11 5.34 5.08 5.01 5.33 5.47 5.84 Taiwan.................. 13.68 13.93 13.08 15.13 13.77 15.05 12.05 12.16 12.11 12.62 12.85 13.46 Finland................. 32.18 28.68 29.18 29.83 24.87 23.99 28.24 35.26 38.86 40.73 44.55 49.42 France.................. .. .. .. 33.45 28.84 29.11 32.09 40.06 45.89 47.15 49.85 56.04 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 72.93 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 6.09 7.42 10.04 12.04 13.87 16.09 21.19 Italy................... 28.47 28.57 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United Kingdom.......... 21.19 23.88 25.59 26.79 26.60 27.11 31.24 38.54 44.55 46.80 48.42 52.06 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries: excludes guided missiles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 53 Aerospace Product and Parts Manufacturing (NAICS 3364) (1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 35.44 39.79 42.11 43.12 42.59 45.21 44.64 Canada.................. 32.16 32.83 33.38 33.43 34.13 #35.25 37.30 41.07 42.25 42.05 42.70 43.94 Mexico.................. .. .. 28.50 34.64 40.71 47.68 51.65 54.78 56.59 58.05 59.66 63.82 Taiwan.................. 375.8 400.9 438.8 489.2 430.5 509.0 416.3 418.4 404.2 405.5 417.6 442.2 Finland................. 147.9 149.0 156.1 #28.00 26.94 26.80 29.87 31.15 31.25 32.72 35.46 36.05 France.................. .. .. .. #31.40 31.24 32.52 33.95 35.39 36.89 37.88 39.68 40.87 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 53.19 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 1744 1914 2252 2440 2768 3386 3924 Italy................... 43919 48686 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. United Kingdom.......... 13.57 14.58 15.44 16.56 17.55 18.83 20.81 23.58 24.31 25.69 26.25 26.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (1) For NACE countries: excludes guided missiles. See technical notes for a listing of NACE countries. .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In U.S. Dollars PAGE 54 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing (NAICS 337) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 17.55 17.97 18.79 19.10 19.68 20.35 21.86 Brazil.................. 3.63 3.50 3.32 2.14 2.25 1.91 1.61 1.72 1.94 2.50 3.05 3.64 Canada.................. 13.29 13.28 12.85 13.35 14.03 #13.46 12.95 16.38 18.39 19.92 21.39 22.75 Mexico.................. 1.21 1.33 1.36 1.50 1.74 2.04 2.12 2.02 2.01 2.17 2.23 2.44 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.67 20.35 23.73 25.43 25.92 29.56 Israel.................. 8.14 8.53 8.46 8.18 8.98 9.33 8.07 8.61 8.69 8.83 10.15 10.98 Japan................... 19.14 18.04 16.71 18.97 19.45 16.73 16.43 17.53 18.78 18.59 17.98 17.73 Taiwan.................. 5.77 5.72 5.07 5.30 5.77 6.02 5.46 5.25 5.59 5.86 6.19 6.09 Belgium................. 23.97 21.29 21.54 20.89 18.96 18.87 20.83 25.42 28.66 29.49 30.29 33.59 Finland................. 19.69 17.37 16.35 17.23 15.78 16.01 17.24 21.29 23.67 25.51 25.86 28.83 France.................. 21.48 19.44 19.79 19.49 17.38 16.96 17.95 21.60 23.92 24.32 25.48 28.51 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39.27 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 2.33 2.95 3.45 3.96 4.20 4.28 5.53 Slovakia................ .. 2.94 2.88 2.80 2.20 2.42 2.87 3.97 4.61 5.11 5.54 7.16 United Kingdom.......... 13.90 15.70 17.30 18.41 18.97 18.19 20.26 23.00 25.83 26.06 26.22 29.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009 Hourly Compensation Costs for All Employees: In National Currency PAGE 55 Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing (NAICS 337) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Country or Area 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ United States........... .. .. .. .. .. 17.55 17.97 18.79 19.10 19.68 20.35 21.86 Brazil.................. 3.65 3.78 3.86 3.89 4.12 4.48 4.72 5.30 5.69 6.08 6.62 7.09 Canada.................. 18.13 18.39 19.07 19.83 20.84 #20.85 20.34 22.95 23.94 24.13 24.26 24.42 Mexico.................. 9.22 10.54 12.45 14.30 16.49 19.07 20.48 21.85 22.73 23.67 24.32 26.70 Australia............... .. .. .. .. .. .. 28.81 31.20 32.22 33.34 34.40 35.23 Israel.................. 25.99 29.41 32.16 33.87 36.63 39.24 38.22 39.21 38.96 39.65 45.24 45.39 Japan................... 2082 2184 2189 2157 2097 2034 2058 2032 2031 2047 2092 2088 Taiwan.................. 158.4 164.7 170.0 171.2 180.3 203.5 188.6 180.7 186.5 188.4 201.1 200.2 Belgium................. 742.3 762.3 782.0 #19.61 20.53 21.08 22.03 22.45 23.04 23.69 24.11 24.50 Finland................. 90.48 90.22 87.45 #16.17 17.09 17.89 18.24 18.81 19.03 20.49 20.58 21.03 France.................. 109.9 113.5 116.7 #18.30 18.82 18.94 18.99 19.08 19.23 19.53 20.28 20.79 Germany................. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28.64 Hungary................. .. .. .. .. .. 668.9 761.5 774.8 803.7 838.4 900.3 1025 Slovakia................ .. 98.67 101.4 115.7 101.2 116.8 130.3 145.9 148.6 158.4 164.0 178.4 United Kingdom.......... 8.90 9.58 10.44 11.38 12.52 12.64 13.50 14.07 14.09 14.31 14.21 14.79 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ .. Data not available. # Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year. See technical notes for national currency units. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2009