Table 9. Occupation of reference person: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2004 Wage and salary earners All other, Self- including Item employed Total Managers Technical Construction Operators Retired not workers wage and and sales and Service workers fabricators reporting salary professionals clerical workers and and earners workers mechanics laborers Number of consumer units (in thousands)........... 5,262 76,790 28,960 21,461 11,309 4,443 10,616 20,060 14,170 Consumer unit characteristics: Income before taxes ............................. $71,241 $62,679 $86,705 $53,033 $40,433 $51,542 $44,997 $30,399 $37,693 Income after taxes .............................. 68,573 59,963 81,935 51,075 39,719 49,599 43,895 29,706 36,610 Age of reference person.......................... 50.3 42.3 43.8 41.6 41.2 39.9 41.7 73.8 45.5 Average number in consumer unit: Persons......................................... 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.8 1.7 2.8 Children under 18............................... .7 .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 .9 .1 .9 Persons 65 and over............................. .3 .1 .1 .1 .1 a/ .1 1.2 .2 Earners......................................... 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 .2 .7 Vehicles........................................ 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.0 1.7 2.4 2.1 1.6 1.6 Percent distribution: Sex of reference person: Male............................................ 59 52 51 40 44 95 72 45 26 Female.......................................... 41 48 49 60 56 5 28 55 74 Housing tenure: Homeowner....................................... 82 66 76 62 50 66 59 80 56 With mortgage.................................. 51 50 61 47 33 50 41 19 32 Without mortgage............................... 31 16 15 15 17 17 18 61 24 Renter.......................................... 18 34 24 38 50 34 41 20 44 Race of reference person: Black or African-American....................... 5 12 9 12 21 7 15 10 16 White, Asian, and All Other Races............... 95 88 91 88 79 93 85 90 84 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: Hispanic or Latino (new UCC Q20032)............. 8 11 6 9 18 22 19 5 14 Not Hispanic or Latino (new UCC Q20032)......... 92 89 94 91 82 78 81 95 86 Education of reference person: Elementary (1-8)................................ 4 3 b/ 1 6 9 9 12 10 High school (9-12).............................. 32 31 12 31 46 51 56 47 45 College......................................... 64 66 87 68 49 40 34 40 44 Never attended and other........................ b/ b/ c/ c/ b/ b/ 1 1 1 At least one vehicle owned or leased............. 95 91 95 91 84 92 90 83 76 Average annual expenditures....................... $55,464 $47,576 $61,111 $43,271 $34,695 $42,722 $35,253 $30,450 $34,684 Food............................................. 6,922 6,173 7,255 5,701 5,215 5,813 5,404 4,200 5,530 Food at home.................................... 3,853 3,437 3,733 3,218 3,143 3,506 3,378 2,711 3,598 Cereals and bakery products.................... 508 469 495 459 451 456 444 386 510 Cereals and cereal products................... 162 156 159 150 170 154 149 124 181 Bakery products............................... 346 312 336 309 282 301 295 262 329 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................. 1,032 901 943 797 902 957 974 688 990 Beef.......................................... 314 273 274 252 261 336 298 199 302 Pork.......................................... 188 182 179 162 191 198 216 153 214 Other meats................................... 141 110 116 100 108 121 114 84 118 Poultry....................................... 181 163 181 137 163 149 175 104 180 Fish and seafood.............................. 157 131 154 109 135 108 123 108 126 Eggs.......................................... 50 40 39 36 44 45 48 39 50 Dairy products................................. 450 377 418 357 325 391 357 310 395 Fresh milk and cream.......................... 175 145 150 134 135 176 154 117 167 Other dairy products.......................... 275 231 268 223 190 215 203 193 228 Fruits and vegetables.......................... 670 564 638 517 504 532 539 502 588 Fresh fruits.................................. 229 188 216 168 169 169 177 171 188 Fresh vegetables.............................. 222 183 208 165 164 183 178 164 192 Processed fruits.............................. 133 111 127 105 94 102 103 98 111 Processed vegetables.......................... 86 82 88 79 77 78 82 69 96 Other food at home............................. 1,194 1,127 1,240 1,088 959 1,171 1,063 825 1,114 Sugar and other sweets........................ 128 130 140 132 122 120 112 112 142 Fats and oils................................. 100 89 88 84 96 106 90 75 103 Miscellaneous foods........................... 553 563 645 546 440 587 504 391 523 Nonalcoholic beverages........................ 346 303 310 294 269 326 331 207 315 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips............................ 67 41 57 34 32 33 26 39 32 Food away from home............................. 3,069 2,736 3,522 2,483 2,072 2,307 2,027 1,489 1,931 Alcoholic beverages.............................. 602 530 678 510 357 556 347 299 257 Housing.......................................... 16,060 15,098 19,338 13,984 11,375 12,477 10,871 10,363 11,770 Shelter......................................... 9,229 8,840 11,393 8,237 6,643 7,136 6,143 5,329 6,762 Owned dwellings................................ 6,879 5,933 8,489 5,258 3,389 4,543 3,619 3,526 3,996 Mortgage interest and charges................. 3,827 3,559 5,062 3,178 1,954 2,833 2,243 917 2,090 Property taxes................................ 1,811 1,425 2,103 1,189 840 1,084 820 1,367 1,085 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other expenses..................................... 1,241 949 1,324 891 596 626 556 1,242 821 Rented dwellings............................... 1,483 2,413 2,085 2,596 3,000 2,317 2,354 1,398 2,455 Other lodging.................................. 867 493 820 383 254 277 171 406 311 Utilities, fuels, and public services........... 3,362 3,030 3,452 2,860 2,623 2,862 2,729 2,559 2,723 Natural gas.................................... 457 430 502 390 347 437 400 430 371 Electricity.................................... 1,284 1,082 1,214 1,033 949 1,027 984 945 1,058 Fuel oil and other fuels....................... 188 107 125 92 98 88 102 163 110 Telephone services............................. 1,050 1,081 1,211 1,041 969 983 966 702 886 Water and other public services................ 384 331 400 304 261 325 278 319 297 Household operations............................ 863 822 1,250 681 457 580 427 668 460 Personal services.............................. 286 357 515 300 226 292 207 205 128 Other household expenses....................... 577 465 734 381 231 288 220 463 331 Housekeeping supplies........................... 736 612 789 566 433 461 484 536 529 Laundry and cleaning supplies.................. 161 157 177 146 137 164 148 117 142 Other household products....................... 384 296 392 271 198 192 233 261 269 Postage and stationery......................... 191 159 220 149 98 105 103 158 118 Household furnishings and equipment............. 1,869 1,795 2,454 1,640 1,219 1,438 1,087 1,270 1,296 Household textiles............................. 184 160 200 150 157 108 96 173 115 Furniture...................................... 361 466 678 422 260 389 229 293 346 Floor coverings................................ 81 56 85 52 21 23 38 47 27 Major appliances............................... 278 210 253 191 122 210 226 204 142 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares.................................... 139 108 131 114 68 94 79 90 96 Miscellaneous household equipment.............. 826 795 1,107 711 591 614 419 465 570 Apparel and services............................. 2,106 2,043 2,618 1,848 1,612 1,797 1,460 970 1,706 Men and boys.................................... 450 455 577 359 384 523 372 224 388 Men, 16 and over............................... 353 354 466 266 286 388 291 197 281 Boys, 2 to 15.................................. 97 101 111 93 99 135 81 28 107 Women and girls................................. 899 828 1,058 852 636 601 465 426 648 Women, 16 and over............................. 790 706 907 741 556 460 365 393 509 Girls, 2 to 15................................. 110 122 152 111 80 141 100 33 139 Children under 2................................ 93 90 97 91 65 64 102 19 100 Footwear........................................ 376 365 440 305 335 375 319 156 368 Other apparel products and services............. 288 305 445 240 191 234 202 145 202 Transportation................................... 9,530 8,799 10,556 8,343 6,481 9,704 7,021 4,976 5,751 Vehicle purchases (net outlay).................. 4,167 3,852 4,477 3,791 2,721 5,025 2,984 2,050 2,554 Cars and trucks, new........................... 2,450 1,946 2,540 1,725 1,271 1,902 1,512 1,231 1,148 Cars and trucks, used.......................... 1,651 1,817 1,832 1,936 1,438 3,035 1,433 801 1,389 Other vehicles................................. d/ 66 88 105 130 d/ 12 88 d/ 39 d/ 18 d/ 18 Gasoline and motor oil.......................... 1,825 1,791 1,952 1,688 1,523 2,023 1,751 998 1,312 Other vehicle expenses.......................... 2,950 2,671 3,299 2,524 1,963 2,432 2,109 1,571 1,616 Vehicle finance charges........................ 346 397 478 364 282 458 342 127 194 Maintenance and repairs........................ 990 718 871 702 521 639 578 471 420 Vehicle insurance.............................. 1,101 1,060 1,225 1,027 829 1,026 936 729 728 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges....................................... 513 495 724 432 332 309 253 245 274 Public transportation........................... 587 485 828 340 274 224 177 357 269 Health care...................................... 3,679 2,265 2,855 2,115 1,658 1,917 1,753 3,868 2,003 Health insurance................................ 1,928 1,156 1,435 1,079 849 1,052 917 2,096 982 Medical services................................ 966 631 832 586 431 528 432 738 498 Drugs........................................... 629 373 446 354 312 257 325 879 438 Medical supplies................................ 155 105 142 96 66 80 79 155 85 Entertainment.................................... 2,850 2,410 3,366 2,000 1,686 1,763 1,679 1,722 1,651 Fees and admissions............................. 735 590 944 471 317 319 265 359 356 Television, radios, sound equipment............. 887 862 1,045 803 673 765 720 577 649 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment... 517 423 552 364 296 366 354 208 347 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services................................... 710 536 825 361 400 313 341 578 299 Personal care products and services.............. 681 627 796 599 498 450 436 483 439 Reading.......................................... 170 132 197 115 73 81 74 143 90 Education........................................ 1,099 1,101 1,692 945 703 646 422 167 821 Tobacco products and smoking supplies............ 336 304 211 297 325 557 445 168 353 Miscellaneous.................................... 930 718 917 653 518 788 496 583 601 Cash contributions............................... 2,140 1,419 2,116 1,202 746 949 874 1,476 978 Personal insurance and pensions.................. 8,359 5,957 8,516 4,961 3,448 5,223 3,971 1,031 2,734 Life and other personal insurance............... 688 411 593 354 211 377 255 339 241 Pensions and Social Security.................... 7,671 5,546 7,923 4,607 3,237 4,846 3,716 692 2,492 Sources of income and personal taxes: Money income before taxes........................ 71,241 62,679 86,705 53,033 40,433 51,542 44,997 30,399 37,693 Wages and salaries.............................. 26,055 57,004 79,228 48,359 35,028 48,376 40,877 5,970 27,403 Self-employment income.......................... 36,113 1,632 2,372 1,135 1,445 1,099 1,044 529 1,678 Social Security, private and government retirement..................................... 6,006 2,116 2,626 1,928 2,098 859 1,654 20,538 5,215 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................................ 2,197 923 1,600 522 609 268 495 2,744 643 Unemployment and workers' compensation, veterans' benefits............................. 67 255 199 249 172 519 396 90 408 Public assistance, supplemental security income, food stamps............................ 128 160 80 140 379 108 205 216 1,308 Regular contributions for support............... 453 418 412 543 476 196 211 177 703 Other income.................................... 222 171 187 158 225 117 115 134 336 Personal taxes................................... 2,667 2,716 4,770 1,958 714 1,943 1,102 693 1,083 Federal income taxes............................ 1,960 1,905 3,494 1,326 363 1,282 647 451 773 State and local income taxes.................... 436 635 1,023 483 251 488 351 51 201 Other taxes..................................... 271 176 252 148 100 173 104 192 109 Income after taxes............................... 68,573 59,963 81,935 51,075 39,719 49,599 43,895 29,706 36,610 Addenda: Net change in total assets and liabilities....... -5,743 -10,571 -14,965 -7,388 -6,589 -10,711 -9,201 -1,122 -1,089 Net change in total assets...................... 19,277 9,640 13,525 10,668 4,395 13,720 847 2,863 12,132 Net change in total liabilities................. 25,020 20,211 28,490 18,056 10,984 24,431 10,048 3,985 13,220 Other financial information: Other money receipts............................ 933 401 609 432 120 83 202 1,016 608 Mortgage principal paid on owned property....... -3,041 -2,036 -3,156 -1,676 -913 -1,529 -1,115 -839 -1,346 Estimated market value of owned home............ 195,178 136,808 200,681 116,069 82,617 100,659 77,349 148,274 105,717 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.... 1,034 786 1,095 701 485 630 504 816 608 Gifts of goods and services...................... 1,739 1,314 2,083 1,039 632 910 682 927 902 Food............................................ 54 87 139 66 58 38 43 32 69 Alcoholic beverages............................. 22 24 34 22 15 22 12 9 13 Housing......................................... 361 298 465 241 140 211 171 260 203 Housekeeping supplies.......................... 78 68 99 62 29 36 49 46 40 Household textiles............................. 31 22 27 24 9 d/ 28 14 14 6 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares.................................... 34 33 49 29 13 d/ 7 27 41 14 Major appliances.............................. d/ 6 10 20 3 d/ 1 c/ 10 26 3 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares................................... 28 23 29 26 11 d/ 7 17 16 11 Miscellaneous household equipment.............. 97 80 139 57 40 37 30 41 61 Other housing.................................. 120 96 152 68 49 103 50 118 83 Apparel and services............................ 381 309 438 256 193 240 225 191 265 Males, 2 and over.............................. 106 78 129 41 45 75 55 63 68 Females, 2 and over............................ 139 108 145 95 82 98 67 79 83 Children under 2............................... 45 44 49 48 23 41 47 17 36 Other apparel products and services............ 91 79 116 72 43 25 55 32 78 Jewelry and watches........................... 25 30 41 37 10 d/ 21 12 10 10 All other apparel products and services....... 66 49 75 35 33 d/ 4 43 22 67 Transportation.................................. 113 52 69 59 29 58 9 48 28 Health care..................................... 84 35 47 39 23 d/ 15 12 117 18 Entertainment................................... 124 79 103 72 47 62 73 68 69 Toys, games, arts and crafts, and tricycles.... 39 28 33 25 17 31 31 25 27 Other entertainment............................ 85 52 70 47 30 32 42 44 42 Personal care products and services............. 32 33 44 28 25 18 33 20 16 Reading......................................... 2 1 2 1 1 d/ 1 b/ 2 1 Education....................................... 472 297 596 185 49 145 38 70 167 All other gifts................................. 93 98 147 72 52 100 66 110 54 a Value less than 0.05. b Value less than 0.5. c No data reported. d Data are likely to have large sampling errors. n.a. Not applicable.