Table 10. Education of reference person: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2000 Less than college graduate College graduate All Less High Item consumer than High school Bachelor- Master's, units Total high school graduate Associate Total 's professi- school graduate with degree degree onal, graduate some doctorate college Number of consumer units (in thousands)...... 109,367 81,307 17,991 31,900 22,504 8,912 28,059 18,330 9,729 Income before taxes a/ ...................... $44,649 $35,545 $23,329 $36,134 $38,837 $50,060 $71,140 $64,201 $84,438 Income after taxes a/ ....................... 41,532 33,556 22,679 34,250 36,145 46,778 64,739 58,658 76,392 Age of the reference person.................. 48.2 48.7 56.0 49.4 43.1 46.0 46.6 45.4 48.8 Average number in consumer unit: Persons..................................... 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 Children under 18........................... .7 .7 .7 .7 .6 .8 .6 .6 .6 Persons 65 and over......................... .3 .3 .5 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 Earners..................................... 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 Vehicles.................................... 1.9 1.9 1.4 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 Percent distribution: Male........................................ 53 50 49 51 52 47 60 58 63 Female...................................... 47 50 51 49 48 53 40 42 37 Homeowner................................... 66 63 58 68 58 72 73 71 75 With mortgage.............................. 39 34 21 36 36 49 52 52 54 Without mortgage........................... 27 29 37 32 21 23 20 19 21 Renter...................................... 34 37 42 32 42 28 27 29 25 Black....................................... 12 14 16 14 13 12 7 7 7 White and other............................. 88 86 84 86 87 88 93 93 93 Elementary (1-8)............................ 6 8 37 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. High school (9-12).......................... 39 53 61 100 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. College..................................... 54 39 n.a. n.a. 100 100 100 100 100 Never attended and other.................... b/ b/ 2 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. At least one vehicle owned or leased........ 88 86 74 88 88 94 93 93 93 Average annual expenditures.................. $38,045 $32,452 $23,386 $32,447 $35,999 $41,585 $54,176 $50,785 $60,527 Food........................................ 5,158 4,710 4,048 4,713 4,891 5,459 6,428 6,250 6,752 Food at home............................. 3,021 2,901 2,901 2,902 2,774 3,177 3,359 3,283 3,497 Cereals and bakery products............ 453 437 436 436 423 474 500 491 515 Cereals and cereal products.......... 156 152 166 148 145 158 167 165 171 Bakery products...................... 297 284 270 287 278 316 332 326 344 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs......... 795 798 871 813 713 809 789 790 788 Beef................................. 238 243 258 255 211 254 223 223 225 Pork................................. 167 174 203 182 146 160 147 148 145 Other meats.......................... 101 101 104 103 92 106 101 101 99 Poultry.............................. 145 144 153 143 135 154 148 155 136 Fish and seafood..................... 110 100 104 97 100 103 139 131 152 Eggs................................. 34 36 50 33 29 31 31 31 31 Dairy products......................... 325 309 293 318 296 335 369 365 374 Fresh milk and cream................. 131 129 139 132 117 130 137 138 134 Other dairy products................. 193 180 154 186 180 205 232 227 240 Fruits and vegetables.................. 521 481 499 475 456 521 634 605 686 Fresh fruits......................... 163 148 163 143 138 159 206 194 229 Fresh vegetables..................... 159 147 160 143 137 157 192 181 212 Processed fruits..................... 115 104 97 104 102 119 146 138 160 Processed vegetables................. 84 82 79 84 79 87 89 92 85 Other food at home..................... 927 877 802 861 886 1,038 1,067 1,031 1,133 Sugar and other sweets............... 117 113 110 109 110 135 130 124 140 Fats and oils........................ 83 82 86 83 78 82 86 86 86 Miscellaneous foods.................. 437 405 342 401 417 498 527 511 555 Nonalcoholic beverages............... 250 247 243 241 243 278 258 247 277 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips................... 40 31 22 27 38 44 67 64 74 Food away from home.................... 2,137 1,809 1,146 1,811 2,117 2,282 3,069 2,967 3,256 Alcoholic beverages......................... 372 293 145 283 404 339 595 546 681 Housing..................................... 12,319 10,343 7,670 10,317 11,375 13,180 18,029 16,955 20,041 Shelter.................................. 7,114 5,871 4,236 5,793 6,586 7,647 10,716 10,112 11,856 Owned dwellings........................ 4,602 3,595 2,090 3,693 3,963 5,353 7,521 7,004 8,497 Mortgage interest and charges........ 2,639 1,988 962 1,963 2,361 3,202 4,526 4,246 5,053 Property taxes....................... 1,139 927 629 992 946 1,244 1,752 1,616 2,010 Maintenance, repairs, insurance,other expenses............................ 825 681 499 738 655 907 1,243 1,142 1,434 Rented dwellings....................... 2,034 1,970 2,028 1,797 2,217 1,841 2,221 2,250 2,167 Other lodging.......................... 478 307 118 303 405 454 974 858 1,191 Utilities, fuels, and public services.... 2,489 2,349 2,087 2,414 2,337 2,677 2,894 2,845 2,987 Natural gas............................ 307 287 243 296 290 336 365 359 378 Electricity............................ 911 892 831 926 860 974 968 947 1,007 Fuel oil and other fuels............... 97 95 106 113 62 96 102 104 98 Telephone services..................... 877 804 683 802 846 950 1,087 1,076 1,108 Water and other public services........ 296 270 224 277 279 321 372 359 396 Household operations..................... 684 484 262 435 633 733 1,266 1,132 1,519 Personal services...................... 326 245 135 228 306 375 561 525 628 Other household expenses............... 358 238 126 207 327 358 706 607 891 Housekeeping supplies.................... 482 417 360 417 429 493 665 605 771 Laundry and cleaning supplies.......... 131 124 133 120 119 135 149 125 192 Other household products............... 226 193 151 200 201 224 319 301 350 Postage and stationery................. 126 100 76 97 109 134 197 179 229 Household furnishings and equipment...... 1,549 1,222 726 1,258 1,390 1,631 2,487 2,261 2,909 Household textiles..................... 106 85 45 89 91 125 168 130 238 Furniture.............................. 391 289 214 241 364 424 684 592 859 Floor coverings........................ 44 34 16 49 31 29 74 60 98 Major appliances....................... 189 169 122 173 175 236 245 256 226 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares............................ 87 66 32 68 78 91 149 134 175 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 731 578 297 638 652 725 1,167 1,088 1,313 Apparel and services........................ 1,856 1,566 1,177 1,501 1,816 1,915 2,683 2,518 2,987 Men and boys............................. 440 384 268 381 434 487 601 557 682 Men, 16 and over....................... 344 293 191 284 345 385 491 449 569 Boys, 2 to 15.......................... 96 91 78 97 88 102 110 108 113 Women and girls.......................... 725 593 405 563 722 734 1,099 1,028 1,227 Women, 16 and over..................... 607 486 319 462 604 594 950 885 1,065 Girls, 2 to 15......................... 118 107 86 101 118 139 149 143 162 Children under 2......................... 82 73 66 76 70 81 109 117 92 Footwear................................. 343 319 301 296 347 360 412 411 412 Other apparel products and services...... 266 198 137 185 243 254 463 404 573 Transportation.............................. 7,417 6,792 4,512 7,000 7,618 8,567 9,227 9,106 9,455 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)........... 3,418 3,274 2,166 3,419 3,647 4,051 3,836 3,836 3,837 Cars and trucks, new................... 1,605 1,398 644 1,354 1,781 2,114 2,204 2,112 2,376 Cars and trucks, used.................. 1,770 1,833 1,506 2,007 1,844 1,845 1,586 1,668 1,431 Other vehicles......................... 43 42 c/ 15 58 22 c/ 91 46 55 c/ 29 Gasoline and motor oil................... 1,291 1,231 898 1,278 1,318 1,515 1,466 1,446 1,503 Other vehicle expenses................... 2,281 2,007 1,284 2,056 2,267 2,629 3,076 3,055 3,112 Vehicle finance charges................ 328 317 180 350 339 423 361 383 318 Maintenance and repairs................ 624 550 379 548 624 709 838 800 908 Vehicle insurance...................... 778 724 506 778 766 862 936 912 982 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges.............................. 551 416 219 380 538 636 941 961 904 Public transportation.................... 427 280 164 247 386 372 850 768 1,004 Health care................................. 2,066 1,860 1,672 1,896 1,860 2,104 2,660 2,489 2,981 Health insurance......................... 983 921 827 976 869 1,041 1,162 1,090 1,299 Medical services......................... 568 444 324 423 529 549 926 851 1,066 Drugs.................................... 416 411 463 413 368 407 430 417 454 Medical supplies......................... 99 84 59 84 95 106 142 131 161 Entertainment............................... 1,863 1,519 896 1,519 1,775 2,118 2,860 2,780 3,011 Fees and admissions...................... 515 325 132 298 438 529 1,064 977 1,227 Television, radios, sound equipment...... 622 561 418 566 624 678 797 802 787 Pets, toys, and playground equipment..... 334 288 192 303 308 376 464 444 500 Other entertainment supplies, equipment,and services.................. 393 344 154 351 405 535 536 557 498 Personal care products and services......... 564 497 365 496 566 586 755 714 830 Reading..................................... 146 107 59 105 132 146 261 230 321 Education................................... 632 427 128 310 721 700 1,226 1,133 1,399 Tobacco products and smoking supplies....... 319 370 373 408 329 335 168 179 148 Miscellaneous............................... 776 677 515 652 748 909 1,063 988 1,202 Cash contributions.......................... 1,192 763 507 697 821 1,367 2,438 1,726 3,780 Personal insurance and pensions............. 3,365 2,530 1,318 2,551 2,942 3,860 5,785 5,172 6,938 Life and other personal insurance........ 399 320 225 355 293 457 625 539 788 Pensions and Social Security............. 2,966 2,209 1,093 2,196 2,649 3,403 5,159 4,634 6,149 Sources of income and personal taxes: a/ Money income before taxes.................. 44,649 35,545 23,329 36,134 38,837 50,060 71,140 64,201 84,438 Wages and salaries....................... 35,579 27,358 14,685 27,898 31,245 41,447 59,498 55,079 67,965 Self-employment income................... 2,344 1,633 809 1,586 1,894 2,808 4,413 2,868 7,374 Social Security, private and government retirement................... 4,856 4,973 6,175 5,272 4,033 3,902 4,516 4,191 5,138 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................... 927 582 426 506 634 1,033 1,931 1,354 3,036 Unemployment and workers'' compensation, veterans'' benefits..................... 192 221 217 225 181 319 107 121 81 Public assistance, supplemental security, income, food stamps..................... 310 381 805 294 233 198 101 121 64 Regular contributions for support........ 309 273 140 260 409 233 414 299 633 Other income............................. 133 124 72 92 208 121 161 168 146 Personal taxes............................. 3,117 1,989 650 1,884 2,691 3,282 6,401 5,543 8,046 Federal income taxes..................... 2,409 1,494 476 1,377 2,086 2,459 5,072 4,367 6,424 State and local income taxes............. 562 374 118 368 465 686 1,109 996 1,325 Other taxes.............................. 146 121 57 140 140 137 221 180 298 Income after taxes......................... 41,532 33,556 22,679 34,250 36,145 46,778 64,739 58,658 76,392 Net change in total assets and liabilities... 457 186 -6 3,149 -1,452 -5,896 1,240 -1,293 6,012 Net change in total assets............... 6,016 4,572 2,780 7,414 2,772 2,565 10,202 8,690 13,050 Net change in total liabilities.......... 5,560 4,386 2,786 4,265 4,224 8,461 8,962 9,983 7,038 Other financial information: Other money receipts..................... 594 374 191 397 384 636 1,232 823 2,003 Mortgage principal paid on owned property................................ -1,172 -883 -446 -927 -1,010 -1,287 -2,010 -1,694 -2,606 Estimated market value of owned home..... 92,665 73,913 53,696 75,478 77,448 100,201 147,004 134,743 170,103 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.................................... 629 532 385 559 546 699 908 860 999 Gifts of goods and services................. 1,083 773 475 749 923 1,063 1,975 1,715 2,463 Food..................................... 70 45 22 33 65 78 143 99 223 Alcoholic beverages...................... 14 8 4 8 9 13 32 27 41 Housing.................................. 291 218 135 224 259 263 499 434 622 Housekeeping supplies.................. 39 32 21 34 37 35 59 58 59 Household textiles..................... 13 9 2 11 6 21 25 19 36 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares........................... 28 20 5 25 23 27 51 45 60 Major appliances..................... 8 8 c/ 3 12 6 8 7 7 6 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares......................... 21 12 2 13 16 19 44 38 55 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 70 50 17 57 58 62 130 115 157 Other housing.......................... 140 108 89 97 135 118 236 197 309 Apparel and services..................... 244 204 139 213 218 255 360 357 365 Males, 2 and over...................... 68 58 30 72 59 57 95 89 107 Females, 2 and over.................... 85 68 41 71 72 100 133 139 122 Children under 2....................... 41 37 31 38 34 47 53 55 49 Other apparel products and services.... 51 41 37 32 53 52 79 74 87 Jewelry and watches.................. 20 14 6 13 21 18 37 33 45 All other apparel products and services............................ 30 27 30 19 32 34 41 41 42 Transportation........................... 70 36 34 33 47 26 169 133 237 Health care.............................. 38 21 14 18 33 14 87 68 125 Entertainment............................ 94 81 36 86 98 111 130 117 154 Toys, games, hobbies, and tricycles.... 30 27 18 31 29 28 37 35 40 Other entertainment.................... 64 54 18 56 69 82 92 81 114 Personal care products and services...... 19 17 16 14 19 26 25 27 23 Reading.................................. 2 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 4 Education................................ 151 70 29 58 96 129 386 320 510 All other gifts.......................... 89 71 45 60 79 146 140 130 160 a Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income reporters" only; see glossary. b Value less than 0.5. c Data are likely to have large sampling errors. n.a. Not applicable.