Table 8. Region of residence: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1999 All Item consumer Northeast Midwest South West units Number of consumer units (in thousands)...... 108,465 20,979 25,765 37,816 23,906 Income before taxes a/ ...................... $43,951 $48,307 $41,983 $40,387 $47,494 Income after taxes a/ ....................... 40,652 44,488 38,832 37,903 43,301 Age of the reference person.................. 47.9 49.3 48.4 47.6 46.6 Average number in consumer unit: Persons..................................... 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 Children under 18........................... .7 .6 .7 .7 .7 Persons 65 and over......................... .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 Earners..................................... 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 Vehicles.................................... 1.9 1.6 2.1 1.9 2.0 Percent distribution: Male........................................ 55 56 54 53 57 Female...................................... 45 44 46 47 43 Homeowner................................... 65 63 69 67 59 With mortgage.............................. 38 35 39 38 40 Without mortgage........................... 27 28 30 29 19 Renter...................................... 35 37 31 33 41 Black....................................... 12 12 10 19 4 White and other............................. 88 88 90 81 96 Elementary (1-8)............................ 6 6 5 8 6 High school (9-12).......................... 39 42 43 40 30 College..................................... 55 52 52 52 64 Never attended and other.................... b/ b/ b/ b/ b/ At least one vehicle owned or leased........ 87 80 89 88 88 Average annual expenditures.................. $36,995 $38,403 $36,302 $33,303 $42,335 Food........................................ 5,031 5,480 4,865 4,615 5,462 Food at home............................. 2,915 3,084 2,740 2,729 3,245 Cereals and bakery products............ 448 487 428 416 485 Cereals and cereal products.......... 160 170 149 153 174 Bakery products...................... 288 317 280 263 311 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs......... 749 830 655 739 793 Beef................................. 220 238 209 212 229 Pork................................. 157 147 151 170 151 Other meats.......................... 97 115 96 89 95 Poultry.............................. 136 162 105 136 147 Fish and seafood..................... 106 133 71 100 130 Eggs................................. 32 36 24 31 41 Dairy products......................... 322 361 307 290 355 Fresh milk and cream................. 122 135 120 112 129 Other dairy products................. 200 226 187 178 226 Fruits and vegetables.................. 500 564 438 451 584 Fresh fruits......................... 152 177 131 129 192 Fresh vegetables..................... 149 168 123 132 184 Processed fruits..................... 113 136 100 101 125 Processed vegetables................. 86 84 84 89 84 Other food at home..................... 896 843 912 832 1,029 Sugar and other sweets............... 112 111 113 104 122 Fats and oils........................ 84 84 75 83 94 Miscellaneous foods.................. 420 386 443 382 485 Nonalcoholic beverages............... 242 224 243 233 270 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips................... 39 38 37 30 57 Food away from home.................... 2,116 2,396 2,126 1,887 2,216 Alcoholic beverages......................... 318 367 324 256 365 Housing..................................... 12,057 13,366 11,525 10,338 14,199 Shelter.................................. 7,016 8,256 6,491 5,540 8,827 Owned dwellings........................ 4,525 5,313 4,451 3,541 5,468 Mortgage interest and charges........ 2,547 2,628 2,384 2,027 3,474 Property taxes....................... 1,123 1,843 1,213 765 962 Maintenance, repairs, insurance,other expenses............................ 854 842 854 749 1,032 Rented dwellings....................... 2,027 2,423 1,599 1,645 2,743 Other lodging.......................... 465 520 441 354 616 Utilities, fuels, and public services.... 2,377 2,455 2,401 2,445 2,178 Natural gas............................ 270 363 378 157 253 Electricity............................ 899 844 829 1,087 726 Fuel oil and other fuels............... 74 189 65 42 35 Telephone services..................... 849 846 858 862 822 Water and other public services........ 285 213 272 296 342 Household operations..................... 666 658 587 555 933 Personal services...................... 323 288 327 264 441 Other household expenses............... 343 370 260 291 492 Housekeeping supplies.................... 498 502 541 458 512 Laundry and cleaning supplies.......... 121 102 141 116 126 Other household products............... 250 267 262 239 238 Postage and stationery................. 127 134 137 103 149 Household furnishings and equipment...... 1,499 1,496 1,506 1,339 1,749 Household textiles..................... 114 118 122 94 134 Furniture.............................. 365 364 336 352 418 Floor coverings........................ 44 44 47 40 46 Major appliances....................... 183 200 181 171 189 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares............................ 102 104 108 85 118 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 692 666 711 597 844 Apparel and services........................ 1,743 1,817 1,591 1,598 2,070 Men and boys............................. 421 434 452 351 487 Men, 16 and over....................... 328 341 350 259 402 Boys, 2 to 15.......................... 93 93 102 92 85 Women and girls.......................... 655 684 574 628 760 Women, 16 and over..................... 548 589 452 517 663 Girls, 2 to 15......................... 107 95 122 111 97 Children under 2......................... 67 69 60 69 69 Footwear................................. 303 301 272 298 347 Other apparel products and services...... 297 329 233 253 407 Transportation.............................. 7,011 6,466 6,939 6,863 7,802 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)........... 3,305 2,706 3,382 3,466 3,495 Cars and trucks, new................... 1,628 1,516 1,451 1,777 1,681 Cars and trucks, used.................. 1,641 1,179 1,905 1,647 1,755 Other vehicles......................... 36 c/ 12 27 41 59 Gasoline and motor oil................... 1,055 907 1,038 1,069 1,180 Other vehicle expenses................... 2,254 2,315 2,169 2,043 2,625 Vehicle finance charges................ 320 232 337 362 314 Maintenance and repairs................ 664 661 572 613 847 Vehicle insurance...................... 756 825 722 709 807 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges.............................. 513 596 537 359 657 Public transportation.................... 397 538 349 286 503 Health care................................. 1,959 1,804 2,087 1,956 1,962 Health insurance......................... 923 840 1,009 926 896 Medical services......................... 558 568 559 524 600 Drugs.................................... 370 292 405 412 334 Medical supplies......................... 109 103 114 93 132 Entertainment............................... 1,891 1,828 2,067 1,567 2,269 Fees and admissions...................... 459 505 462 377 544 Television, radios, sound equipment...... 608 656 596 570 640 Pets, toys, and playground equipment..... 346 321 373 318 381 Other entertainment supplies, equipment,and services.................. 478 345 636 303 704 Personal care products and services......... 408 404 401 385 457 Reading..................................... 159 195 166 117 189 Education................................... 635 939 568 452 728 Tobacco products and smoking supplies....... 300 318 346 302 232 Miscellaneous............................... 867 827 854 778 1,057 Cash contributions.......................... 1,181 1,100 1,151 1,132 1,362 Personal insurance and pensions............. 3,436 3,494 3,418 2,946 4,181 Life and other personal insurance........ 394 403 378 411 379 Pensions and Social Security............. 3,042 3,092 3,041 2,535 3,801 Sources of income and personal taxes: a/ Money income before taxes.................. 43,951 48,307 41,983 40,387 47,491 Wages and salaries....................... 34,456 39,031 33,378 31,242 36,452 Self-employment income................... 2,603 2,575 2,267 2,218 3,505 Social Security, private and government retirement................... 4,798 4,841 4,762 5,151 4,295 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................... 1,104 916 738 833 2,001 Unemployment and workers'' compensation, veterans'' benefits..................... 177 188 187 160 181 Public assistance, supplemental security, income, food stamps..................... 320 350 252 270 434 Regular contributions for support........ 262 191 213 321 281 Other income............................. 230 216 184 190 343 Personal taxes............................. 3,299 3,819 3,151 2,483 4,193 Federal income taxes..................... 2,513 2,864 2,295 1,964 3,230 State and local income taxes............. 616 699 715 361 815 Other taxes.............................. 170 256 141 158 148 Income after taxes......................... 40,652 44,488 38,832 37,903 43,301 Net change in total assets and liabilities... 142 -449 -170 559 337 Net change in total assets............... 6,478 6,320 4,572 5,021 10,976 Net change in total liabilities.......... 6,336 6,768 4,742 4,462 10,640 Other financial information: Other money receipts..................... 651 573 413 524 1,179 Mortgage principal paid on owned property................................ -1,366 -1,324 -1,302 -919 -2,180 Estimated market value of owned home..... 87,582 96,623 79,574 70,303 115,613 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.................................... 592 684 560 508 678 Gifts of goods and services................. 1,083 1,229 1,064 922 1,231 Food..................................... 83 110 84 61 93 Housing.................................. 292 315 302 253 321 Housekeeping supplies.................. 41 40 44 31 52 Household textiles..................... 17 13 16 15 25 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares........................... 32 47 42 20 29 Major appliances..................... 9 17 10 5 6 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares......................... 24 30 31 16 23 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 66 66 78 52 75 Other housing.......................... 136 150 122 135 140 Apparel and services..................... 210 223 192 206 223 Males, 2 and over...................... 54 53 67 42 61 Females, 2 and over.................... 71 79 52 80 70 Children under 2....................... 33 34 29 36 31 Other apparel products and services.... 52 56 44 49 60 Jewelry and watches.................. 27 35 22 23 31 All other apparel products and services............................ 25 21 22 26 30 Transportation........................... 63 51 50 58 98 Health care.............................. 40 22 46 41 48 Entertainment............................ 98 105 92 74 137 Toys, games, hobbies, and tricycles.... 32 39 32 29 31 Other entertainment.................... 66 66 60 46 106 Education................................ 166 295 166 107 147 All other gifts.......................... 131 108 133 122 165 a Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income reporters" only; see glossary. b Value less than 0.5. c Data are likely to have large sampling errors.